台南縣新營地區高中職學生蔬果攝取行為及相關因素研究

Factors Associated with Fruit and Vegetable Intake Behavior among Senior and Vocational High School Students in Sinying

10.7022/JHPHE.201112.0053

李貞儀(Jan-Yi Lee)；魏米秀(Mi-Hsiu Wei)；呂昌明(Chang-Ming Lu)

可獲性 ； 自我效能 ； 高中生 ； 高職生 ； 蔬果攝取行為 ； availability ； fruit and vegetable intake behavior ； high school students ； selfefficacy ； vocational high school students

健康促進與衛生教育學報

36期（2011 / 12 / 01）

53 - 77

繁體中文

本研究目的在探討高中、職學生個人背景因素、社會心理因素、環境因素與蔬果攝取行為的關係。以台南縣新營地區高、中職學生為母群體，採比率隨機集束抽樣，以自編結構式問卷進行調查，共得有效問卷542份。研究結果僅不到五成／三成的研究對象能總是或常常每天攝取三份蔬菜／二份水果。女性、自覺健康狀況好者，蔬果攝取行為較佳。社會心理因素的重要變項有蔬果攝取自我效能及蔬果喜好，環境因素的重要變項有蔬果攝取角色楷模及家庭蔬果可獲性，皆與蔬果攝取行為有正向關連。本研究架構中的背景因素、社會心理因素及環境因素三類變項共可解釋蔬果攝取行為總變異量的51%。本研究建議要促進高中、職學生的蔬果攝取行為，健康促進與衛生教育應發展多面向的介入策略。

This study examines the fruit and vegetable intake behavior of senior and vocational high school students with reference to their personal backgrounds, psychosocial, and environmental factors. The study sample was composed of 542 students from senior and vocational high schools in Sinying, Tainan, Taiwan. The results showed that nearly 50% of the students reported consuming 3 portions of vegetables daily, and that only 30% of the students consumed 2 portions of fruit daily. The female students, students who reported a higher perceived health status were more likely to intake fruit and vegetables. Self-efficacy and a preference for fruit and vegetables are important psychosocial factors. In addition, role modeling and the availability at home of fruit and vegetables are significant environmental correlates of intake behavior. The personal backgrounds, psychosocial, and environmental variables contained in research model accounted for 51% of the variance in fruit and vegetable intake behavior. These findings demonstrate that a variety of multi-level factors is associated with students' intake of fruit and vegetables. Therefore, it would be beneficial to incorporate a multi-level approach into health promotion and health education intervention strategies to encourage high school students to consume fruit and vegetables.

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