题名

國民小學高年級學童正向情緒與生活壓力關係之研究:以挫折容忍力為調節變項

并列篇名

The Relationship between Positive Emotion and Life Stress of Primary School Students: Frustration Tolerance as Moderator

DOI

10.3966/207010632015120044001

作者

吳和堂(Ho-Tang Wu);林芳如(Fang-Ru Lin);周新富(Sin-Fu Chou)

关键词

正向情緒 ; 生活壓力 ; 挫折容忍力 ; Positive emotion ; Life stress ; Frustration tolerance

期刊名称

健康促進與衛生教育學報

卷期/出版年月

44期(2015 / 12 / 31)

页次

1 - 33

内容语文

繁體中文

中文摘要

本研究旨在分析國民小學(以下簡稱國小)高年級學童正向情緒、挫折容忍力與生活壓力三者之關聯度。依據文獻分析的結果,提出「正向情緒與生活壓力有顯著負相關」,以及「挫折容忍力對『正向情緒與生活壓力的關係』具有調節效果」兩個假設。為驗證假設,採分層叢集抽樣,抽取國小學童631人作為樣本,就年級來分,五年級為308人,六年級為323人,施以自編問卷,包括國小高年級正向情緒、挫折容忍力與生活壓力三份問卷。此三問卷都先經過專家審閱後,再進行預試,預試經過項目分析、因素分析與信度分析。三份問卷的累積解釋變異量分別60.57%、61.01%與56.09%;總信度分別為.87、.95與.88。不論信效度都符合標準值,顯示三份問卷的信效度佳。問卷回收後的資料,採結構方程模式分析之,結果發現兩個假設都獲得支持。依據此一發現,本研究建議應提升學童的正向情緒與挫折容忍力,以降低生活壓力。此外,建議未來的研究在問卷的每一因素上盡量將題數控制在5~7題之間,最好相同題數。

英文摘要

This study aims to explore the relationship among positive emotion, frustration tolerance and life stress of primary school students. According to the literature analysis, authors come up with two hypotheses: H1: The positive emotion is significantly negative related with the life stress. H2: The frustration tolerance has a moderated effect on the relationship between positive emotion and life stress. In order to verify the hypotheses, 631 elementary students (fifth grade = 308, sixth grade = 323) were samples for the self-designed questionnaires of positive emotion, life stress, and frustration tolerance. The pretest under item, factor and reliability analysis got quality reliability and validity. The data collected was under the analysis of SEM. Results show that H1 and H2 were supported. In accordance with the findings, the study suggests that the students' positive emotion and frustration tolerance should be enhanced for decreasing their life stress. In addition, the factors within questionnaire should be arranged between 5-7 items, and the same number of questions would be highly preferred. Related suggestions would be provided for primary schools, teachers and parents.

主题分类 醫藥衛生 > 預防保健與衛生學
醫藥衛生 > 社會醫學
社會科學 > 心理學
社會科學 > 教育學
社會科學 > 體育學
社會科學 > 社會學
社會科學 > 社會學
参考文献
  1. 李新民,陳密桃(2009)。大學生感恩學習介入方案成效分析:拓延建構理論假設的考驗。課程與教學季刊,12(2),107-134。
    連結:
  2. 林維芬,徐秋碧(2009)。正向情緒輔導介入方案對國小學童情緒智力、生活適應與幸福感之研究。中華輔導與諮商學報,25,131-178。
    連結:
  3. 郎亞琴,范月華(2009)。國小高年級學童挫折容忍力與生活適應之研究。教育科學期刊,8(2),1-20。
    連結:
  4. 高民凱,林清文(2008)。中學生的解釋風格、生活壓力和憂鬱之關係:從憂鬱的認知特異質—壓力模式探討。輔導與諮商學報,30(1),41-59。
    連結:
  5. 常雅珍,毛國楠(2006)。以正向心理學建構情意教育之行動研究。師大學報:教育類,51(2),121-146。
    連結:
  6. 傅瓊儀,陸偉明,程炳林(2002)。以結構方程模式探討制握信念及社會支持在國中生壓力知覺的作用。教育心理學報,34(1),61-82。
    連結:
  7. Anda, R. F.,Felitti, V. J.,Bremner, J. D.,Walker, J. D.,Whitfield, C. H.,Perry, B. D.,Giles, W. H.(2006).The enduring effects of abuse and related adverse experiences in childhood.European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience,256(3),174-186.
  8. Anderson, J. C.,Gerbing, D. W.(1984).The effect of sampling error on convergence, improper solutions, and goodness-of-fit indices for maximum likelihoodconfirmatory factor analysis.Psychametrika,49,155-173.
  9. Basch, C. E.,Kersch, T. B.(1986).Adolescent perception of stressful life events.Health Education,17(3),4-7.
  10. Bentler, P. M.,Bonnet, D. G.(1980).Significance tests and goodness-of-fit in the analysis of covariance structure.Psychological Bulletin,88(3),588-606.
  11. Bollen, K. A.(1989).Structural equations with latent variables.New York, NY:Wiley & Sons.
  12. Brooks, R.,Goldstein, S.(2003).Nurturing resilience in our children.New York, NY:McGraw-Hill.
  13. Clifford, M. M.(1988).Failure tolerance and academic risk‐taking in ten‐to twelve‐year‐old students.British Journal of Educational Psychology,58(1),15-27.
  14. Clifford, M. M.(1984).Thoughts on a theory of constructive failure.Educational Psychologist,19(2),108-120.
  15. Cohen, S.,Pressman, S. D.(2006).Positive affect and health.Current Directions in Psychological Science,15,122-125.
  16. Cohn, M. A.,Fredrickson, B. L.(2009).Positive emotions.Oxford handbook of positive psychology,New York, NY:
  17. Copeland, E. P.,Hess, R. S.(1993).Difference in young adolescents’ coping strategies based on gender and ethnicity.Journal of Early Adolescence,15,203-219.
  18. Dickey, J. P.,Henderson, P.(1989).What young children say about stress and coping in school.Health Education,20(1),14-17.
  19. Fredrickson, B. L.(2004).The broaden-and-build theory of positive emotion.The Royal Society,359,1367-1377.
  20. Fredrickson, B. L.(2001).The role of positive emotions in positive psychology: The broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions.American Psychologist,56(3),218-226.
  21. Fredrickson, B. L.(1998).What good are positive emotions?.Review of General Psychology,2(3),300-319.
  22. Fredrickson, B. L.,Cohn, M. A.,Coffey, K. A.,Pek, J.,Finkel, S. M.(2008).Open hearts build lives: Positive emotions, induced through loving-kindness meditation, build consequential personal resources.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,95(5),1045-1062.
  23. Hair, J. F.,Anderson, R. E.,Tatham, R. L.,Black, W. C.(1998).Multivariate data analysis.Englewood Cliffs, NJ:Prentice-Hall.
  24. Kline, R. B.(1998).Principles and practices of structure equation modeling.New York, NY:Guilford.
  25. Lupien, S. J.,McEwen, B. S.,Gunnar, M. R.,Heim, C.(2009).Effects of stress throughout the lifespan on the brain, behaviour and cognition.Nature Reviews Neuroscience,10(6),434-445.
  26. MacKenzie, S. B.,Spreng, R. A.(1992).How does motivation moderate the impact of central and peripheral processing on brand attitudes and intentions?.Journal of Consumer Research,18(4),519-529.
  27. Maniglio, R.(2009).The impact of child sexual abuse on health: A systematic review of reviews.Clinical Psychology Review,29(7),647-657.
  28. Moskowitz, J. T. (2009). Cultivating positive emotion to enhance health. Retrieved from http://www.osher.ucsf.edu/newsletter/Spring09/positiveemotion.html
  29. Nakamura, J.,Csikszentmihalyi, M.(2009).18 flow theory and research.Oxford handbook of positive psychology,New York, NY:
  30. Pechtel, P.,Pizzagalli, D. A.(2011).Effects of early life stress on cognitive and affective function: An integrated review of human literature.Psychopharmacology,214(1),55-70.
  31. Pelco, L. E.,Reed-Victor, E.(2007).Self-regulation and learning-related social skills: Intervention ideas for elementary school students.Preventing School Failure,51(3),36-42.
  32. Reber, A. S.,Reber, E. S.(2001).Dictionary of psychology.London, UK:Penguin.
  33. Salovey, P.,Rothman, A. J.,Detweiler, J. B.,Steward, W. T.(2000).Emotional states and physical health.American Psychologist,55,110-121.
  34. Seligman, M. E.,洪蘭(譯)(2003).真實的快樂.臺北市:遠流.
  35. Strumpfer, D. J. W.(2006).Positive emotions, positive emotionality and their contribution to fortigenic living: A review.South African Journal of Psychology,36(1),144-167.
  36. Wagnild, G.,Young, H.(1993).Development and psychometric evaluation of the Resilience Scale.Journal of Nursing Measurement,1(2),165-178.
  37. Wang, N.(2012).Study on frustration tolerance and training method of college students.Information Computing and Applications,7473,663-668.
  38. Werner, E. E.(1993).Risk and resilience in individuals with learning disabilities: Lessons learned from the Kauai Longitudinal Study.Learning Disabilities Research and Practice,8(1),28-34.
  39. 丁姵元,范姜,林鳳,王如鈺,葉育伶(2010)。,未出版
  40. 王以仁,陳芳玲,林本喬(2005).教師心理衛生.臺北市:心理.
  41. 江雪齡(2008).正向心理學—生活、工作和教學的實用.臺北市:心理.
  42. 余民寧(2006).潛在變項模式—SlMPLIS的應用.臺北市:高等教育.
  43. 吳明隆(2009).構方程模式—方法與實務應用.高雄市:麗文.
  44. 吳明隆(2010).論文寫作與量化研究.臺北市:五南.
  45. 吳明隆(2006)。國小學生學習壓力之研究。正修通識教育學報,3,33-66。
  46. 吳清山,林天祐(2003)。挫折容忍力。教育研究月刊,115,64-65。
  47. 李茂能(2009).圖解AMOS在學術研究之應用.臺北市:五南.
  48. 李新民(2010).正向心理學在學校教育的應用.高雄市:麗文.
  49. 林思伶(編)(2000).生命教育的理論與實施.臺北市:寰宇.
  50. 邱皓政(2010).量化研究與統計分析—SPSS(PASW)資料分析範例.臺北市:五南.
  51. 邱皓政(2006).量化研究與統計分析—SPSS中文視窗版資料分析範例解析.臺北市:五南.
  52. 段鑫星,趙玲(2003).大學生心理健康教育.北京市:科學.
  53. 洪文綺,黃淑貞(2006)。高年級國小學童壓力適應行為的相關因素與社會支持研究。健康促進暨衛生教育雜誌,26,31-52。
  54. 胡悅倫(1997)。兒童壓力源的文獻探討研究。初等教育學報,5,1-54。
  55. 高雄市教育局全球資訊網(2012)。課稅後本市國民小學教師及兼任行政職務人員每週授課節數表。取自http://www.kh.edu.tw/filemanage/upload/60/1020605%e9%ab%98%e9%9b%84%e5%b8%82%e5%9c%8b%e6%b0%91%e5%b0%8f%e5%ad%b8%e6%95%99%e5%b8%ab%e5%8f%8a%e5%85%bc%e4%bb%bb%e8%a1%8c%e6%94%bf%e8%81%b7%e5%8b%99%e4%ba%ba%e5%93%a1%e6%af%8f%e9%80%b1%e6%8e%88%e8%aa%b2%e7%af%80%e6%95%b8%e7%b7%a8%e6%8e%92%e8%a6%81%e9%bb%9e.pdf
  56. 常雅珍(2003)。臺北市,國立臺灣師範大學。
  57. 常雅珍(2005).國小情意教育課程:正向心理學取向.臺北市:心理.
  58. 張春興(2006).張氏心理學辭典.臺北市:東華.
  59. 張景媛(2000)。挫折容忍力。取自http://terms.naer.edu.tw/detail/1308356/
  60. 張珏,葉莉薇,張月英,陳寶雲,方金雪(1993)。臺北市地區兒童壓力源的初探。中華民國公共衛生學會雜誌,12(2),153-163。
  61. 連廷嘉(2007)。學生管教輔導的議題與省思—正向心理學觀點。教育研究月刊,164,16-23。
  62. 曾文志(2006)。開創美好的生活—正向心理學的基本課題。師友月刊,466,54-61。
  63. 馮觀富(1996).壓力、失落的危機處理.臺北市:心理.
  64. 黃芳銘(2010).結構方程模式—理論與應用.臺北市:五南.
  65. 蔡秀玲,楊智馨(2007).情緒管理.臺北市:揚智.
被引用次数
  1. 黃若飴,陳世偉,張志銘,張世沛(2022)。偏鄉學童運動參與程度在挫折容忍力、樂觀信念與幸福感之關係研究。運動休閒餐旅研究,17(3),14-36。