地方警察工作壓力及飲酒預期行為型態之研究

The Study of the Job Stress and the Alcohol Consumption Expectancy Clusters of the County Police Officers

10.3966/207010632021060053001

潘昱戎(Yuh-Rong Pan)；呂傑華(Chieh-Hua Lu)

工作壓力 ； 地方警察 ； 飲酒預期行為 ； job stress ； county police officers ； alcohol consumption expectancy

健康促進與衛生教育學報

53期（2021 / 06 / 30）

1 - 41

繁體中文;英文

本研究旨在：一、探究偏遠縣級地方警察工作壓力及飲酒預期行為的現況；二、了解哪些類型的地方警察偏向某種形式的飲酒預期行為；三、了解地方警察工作壓力對飲酒行為的影響。本研究針對花蓮縣警察採自填式問卷調查法，有效問卷為463份。因素分析結果顯示地方警察工作呈現勤務、外部與互動發展三種壓力因素；飲酒預期行為萃取出人際促進、心理振奮、情緒排解、活力展現、社交需要、生理健康等因素。花蓮縣地方警察的壓力屬中等程度，整體飲酒預期行為並不嚴重。在飲酒預期行為認知上，花蓮縣地方警察可區分為煥發練達、恬靜自處、活躍機敏三個集群類型，其中煥發練達型警察是最可能喝酒的群體，且不同年齡、現職年資、養成管道之警察在飲酒預期行為類型上有顯著關聯。警察工作壓力與飲酒預期行為具顯著正相關。另外，男性、30歲以下、31～40歲、未婚，以及外部與互動發展壓力因素認知程度愈高，其飲酒可能性愈高；而無子女及從事外勤工作之地方警察的飲酒可能性較低。地方警察面對壓力可能藉助酒精來舒緩情緒、逃避困擾，其中煥發練達型的警察在團體活動中容易受到氛圍助興而飲酒；同時，性別、年齡、現職年資、家庭生活、養成管道與勤務類型也可能影響警察飲酒行為。

The study aimed: (1) Analyze the job stress (JS) and alcohol consumption expectancy (ACE) of the county police officers (CPOs); (2) Explore the prevalence clusters of ACE; (3) Examines if the JS affects ACE. Self-report questionnaires containing the JS and ACE were conducted to survey over one third (n = 463) of the CPOs in Hualien. The findings were as follows: (1) According to the factor analysis result, the CPOs can be classified into 3 JS factors, including "duty stress", "external stress" and "interactive development stress", while the factors of ACE of the CPOs can be divided into "promoting interpersonal relationships", "invigorating spiritual", "easing emotions", "showing vitality", "improving social interaction", and "promoting physical health"; (2) The JS of the CPOs in Hualien are moderate. The ACE of the police officers did not report with high frequency; (3) According to the cognition of the ACE, the Hualien CPOs can be classified into 3 ACE clusters, namely "vigorous, experienced, and making themselves attractive", "self-complacent and pleased with themselves", and "lively activated, and vigilant". The vigorous, experienced, and attractive CPOs were the clusters most likely to fall in the expectancy in alcohol consumption. Furthermore, it revealed that various ages, job tenures, and the cultivated patterns were obviously associated with the different ACE clusters; (4) It also indicated that the factors of JS and ACE were obviously positive correlated; (5) The result of regression analysis implied that male, the age below 30, the age between 31-40, unmarried, external pressure and interactive development factors can positively predict the expectancy in alcohol consumption, yet the CPOs with no child and field CPOs negatively predict the ACE. Faced with these stress, the CPOs may use alcohol to soothe their emotions and avoid worry. The cluster of the vigorous, experienced, and attractive CPOs was susceptible to the atmosphere and drink alcohol in social activities. It also suggested that gender, age, job tenures, family life, cultivated patterns and type of duty may affect police's ACE as well.

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