臺灣成年民眾的愛滋汙名及相關因子：橫斷性調查研究

Factors Associated with HIV-related Stigma among Adults in Taiwan: A Cross-Sectional Study

10.7022/JHPHE.202406_(58).0002

張芷菁(Chih-Ching Chang)；張晏蓉(Yen-Jung Chang)

歧視 ； 線上調查 ； 愛滋汙名 ； 愛滋病知識 ； discrimination ； HIV-KQ-18 ； HIV-related stigma ； online questionnaire ； PLWHA

健康促進與衛生教育學報

58期（2024 / 06 / 30）

27 - 60

繁體中文;英文

目標：愛滋汙名為對愛滋病感染者的偏見、刻板印象與歧視，是目前我國愛滋病防治工作所面臨的主要挑戰之一。有鑑於國內針對民眾進行愛滋汙名的調查資料十分有限，本研究旨在瞭解國內愛滋汙名現況及探討相關因子。方法：本研究為橫斷式研究。於2020年5月至6月間，採便利取樣及滾雪球取樣方式，透過網路社群媒體發送線上問卷，調查共1,422位20歲以上臺灣民眾的個人背景、愛滋病相關經驗、愛滋病知識量表（HIV-KQ-18），及愛滋汙名量表得分情形。以多元線性迴歸分析愛滋汙名的解釋因子。結果：研究對象之愛滋汙名量表平均得分（範圍為1至5分）為2.44分。男性、60歲以上、高中職以下畢業、非醫護專業、有宗教信仰、異性戀及雙性戀、已婚及離婚者之愛滋汙名情形較高。愛滋病相關經驗及知識皆與愛滋汙名呈負相關。生理性別、性取向、愛滋病相關經驗及知識為愛滋汙名的有效解釋因子。愛滋病知識與汙名量表構面一、構面二、構面三均為負向相關，但與量表構面四不具相關性。結論：本研究指出臺灣成年民眾的愛滋汙名情況及相關因子，為愛滋病防治計畫和相關衛教策略提供參考依據，終盼能使疾病逐漸去汙名化，營造對感染者友善的環境。

Objectives: The purpose of this cross-sectional study by online survey was to explore factors associated with HIV-related stigma among adults in Taiwan. Methods: From May to June, 2020, a total of 1,422 respondents completed the online structured questionnaire, which included an assessment of HIV-related experience, HIV knowledge scale (HIV-KQ-18), HIV-related stigma scale and socio-demographic characteristics. Descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis were used. Results: The mean score of respondents on the HIV-related stigma was 2.44 (SD=0.51) out of a score range from 1 to 5. Respondents who were males, older, less educated, married, divorced, heterosexual, homosexual, had religious beliefs, and non-healthcare professionals had higher levels of stigma. HIV knowledge and HIV-related experience had statistically significant negative associations with levels of HIV-related stigma. Gender, sexual orientation, levels of HIV knowledge and HIV-related experience were associated with levels of HIV-related stigma after multiple regression analysis. Conclusions: This study identified factors associated with HIV-related stigma among adults in Taiwan, and provides a reference for stigma-reduction interventions and health promotion strategies.