國有林森林火災直昇機運用實務之調查

Investigation on Forest Fire Missions of Helicopter in National Forests

10.29995/JSHR.200606.0005

粱昇(Sheng Liang)；許竹森(Chu-Sen Hsu)

東勢林區管理處 ； 南投林區管理處 ； 火災 ； 火警 ； 直昇機林火任務 ； Dongshih Forestry District ； Nanto Forestry District ； burning fire ； alarm fire ； suppression missions of helicopter

坡地防災學報

5卷1期（2006 / 06 / 01）

89 - 104

繁體中文

國內南投林區管理處國有林1963至2004年四時年間發生林火最多，高達351次；東勢林管處國有林則為燒毀面積最廣，高達9,693.7公頃。本研究根據此二林管理處近兩年來空中勤務總隊任務報告執行分析。 在全國65次林火資料中，共22次林火事件包括南投13次，東勢9次。其中19次火警（南投12次，東勢7次）與3次火災（南投1次，東勢2次）。直昇機救火使用率，東勢無論火警或火災高達100%，南投火警使用率33.33%，火災則爲100%。飛機架次達160次，飛行時數爲267小時40分。 林火事件直昇機執行任務有三：其一爲直昇機火場觀測與指揮、通聯及管制，共佔時9.46%，火災中使用33.22%，火警中使用66.78%；其二爲空中投水灌灑，共佔時66.94%，火災中使用72.56%，火警中使用27.44%；其他為運輸，共佔時23.6%，火災中使用94.46%，火警中使用5.54%。 本研究亦針對其使用效益及需求差異提出說明。

For the forty years since 1963, Nanto Forestry District Administractive Office ranked the most frequent in forest fire up to 351 times in National Forests; Dongshih Forestry District Administractive Office burned the largest area accumulated up to 9693.7ha. The Mission Implement Reports of June 2004 to May 2006 from National Airborne Service Corps were collected to check the fire information from Forest Service for these two districts. Result as fellowings: Numbers of 13 for Nanto and 9 for Dongshih respectively out of totally 65 forest fire cases in National Forest were found. Since the forest fire was defined as ”burning fire” for burning out bigger than 5 ha area, and as ”alarm fire” for an ignored damage, Nanto accounted for 1 burning fires and 12 alarm fires; Dongshih, 2 burning fires and 7 alarm fires respectively. 1. For the ”use ratio” of helicopter in case of extinguishing fire purpose. Dongshih reached 100% no matter whether burning fire or alarm fire. It was 33.33% and 100% for alarm fire and burning fire respectively in Nanto Forestry District. The flight number was 160 in all. The flight time accumulated up to 267 hours and 40 minutes. 2. For event missions operated by fire suppression, the missions of helicopter can be categorized as three kinds as: (1) fire inspection accounted for 9.46% and for burning fire and alarm fire were 33.22% and 66.78% respectively, (2) suppression for burning fire and alarm fire accounted for 66.94% and for burning fire and alarm fire were 72.56% and 27.44% respectively, and (3) transportation and others accounted for 23.6% and for burning fire and alarm fire were 94.46% and 5.54% respectively, Illustrations were also given to the difference of demand and difference of efficiency among subareas in this study.