以動作觀察分析模式和運動學分析探討抓舉高低臀位準備動作之差別

To Investigate the Differences of Preparation Movement between High And Low Hip Positions in Snatch Technique by Movement Analytical Model and Kinematic Analysis

10.6194/SCS.2002.01.05

蔣明雄(Ming-Shiung Chiang)

舉重 ； 抓舉 ； 運動學分析 ； 臀位 ； Weightlifting ； Snatch ； Kinematic Analysis ； Hip Position

教練科學

1期（2002 / 05 / 01）

36 - 44

繁體中文

準備動作是舉重良好啟動的基礎，而臀位的高、低則會影響啟動的力學要素與其後的連結技術。本研究以國立體育學院舉重隊二名優秀女選手爲受試者，進行抓舉高、低臀位動作分析，並使用動作觀察分析模式，針對受試者之動作進行研究。研究工具是一部每秒60 Hz的Panasonic AG456攝影機。抓舉準備動作之最主要目的是要使身體重心在穩定與平衡之狀態下舉起槓鈴，經過對二位選手的動作分析結果：一、本研究受試者A（高臀位者）其髖關節高於膝關節者，受試者B（低臀位者）其髖關節幾乎是平行於膝關節，故以目視方法觀察髖關節和膝關節的相對高度以決定高、低臀位爲合理之鑑別法。二、受試者A（高臀位者）膝關節角度爲78.18度，受試者B（低臀位者）爲49.38度，雖然高臀位者其膝關節角度較大，但是卻沒有超過90度故以膝關節大於或小於90度來決定高、低臀位，並不是一個合理之判定法。三、由運動學資料看重心之位置，以圖片進行比較，二者未產生身體重心不穩定之現象，而且高臀位者前三角肌、膝關節、槓鈴中心點與腳踝成一直線，低臀位者也接近成一直線，所以劉于詮（民89）動作觀察分析模式中以身體重心的位置和前述四點是否連成一線的方法來決定高、低臀位，並不是一個合理之判定法。四、經比較高、低臀位之準備時间，低臀位者之準備時间較久，此結果與劉于詮（民89）動作觀察分析模式是相符的。

Preparation movement is the basis of good starts in weightlifting. High and low hip positions influence mechanical factors for start and its following linking techniques. Two elite female weighters in the weightlifting team of the National College of Physical Education And Sports were used in this study to analyze movements of high and low hip positions in snatch technique of weightlifting. A Panasonic AG456 camera with a speed of 60 Hz was used. Main purpose of preparation movement in snatch is to lift the barbell under the condition of stabilization and balance of body center of gravity. The followings are results of movement analyses: 1. In this study, height of hip of Subject A (high hip position) is higher than that of her knee, and height of hip of Subject B (low hip position) is nearly parallel to that of her knee. Thus, eye-viewing of relative heights of hip and knee is a reasonable way to distinguish high and low hip positions. 2. Knee angle of Subject A (high hip position) is 78.18 degrees, and that of Subject B (low hip position) is 49.38 degrees. Although knee angle of Subject A is larger than that of Subject B. it does not exceed 90 degrees. Thus, the way to distinguish high and low hip positions by larger or less than 90 degrees of knee angle is not reasonable. 3. From the positions of body CG in the diagrams, both high and low hip positions do not cause unstability: and anterior deltoid, knee, center of barbell, and ankle are linked in a straight line for high hip position. and nearly in a straight line for low hip position. Thus, the way to distinguish high and loss hip positions by positions of body CG and linking tine of the above four points is not reasonable. 4. By comparison, duration taken by preparation movement is longer for low hip position than that for high hip position.

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