题名

團隊安全感氛圍與團隊認知閉合需求對資訊分享與創新績效的影響

并列篇名

Team Safety Climate and Teams' Need for Cognitive Closure on Information Sharing and Team Innovation

DOI

10.3966/199687602014020701001

作者

黃瓊億(Chiung-Yi Huang)；戚樹誠(Steve Shu-Cheng Chi)

关键词

資訊分享 ； 團隊安全感氛圍 ； 團隊創新績效 ； 認知閉合需求 ； team information sharing ； team safety climate ； team innovation ； need for cognitive closure

期刊名称

組織與管理

卷期/出版年月

7卷1期（2014 / 02 / 01）

页次

1 - 40

内容语文

繁體中文
中文摘要

組織需透過團隊創新來維持競爭力，因此，什麼樣的因素會促使團隊展現創新績效，是一項重要的課題。本研究依據De Dreu、Nijstad與van Kippenberg（2008）的動機資訊處理模型（motivated information processing model）來探討團隊安全感氛圍、團隊認知閉合需求、資訊分享與創新績效的關係。本研究設計了一份團隊認知閉合需求量表，並進行量表的信、效度檢測。在正式研究中，研究者進行了兩項研究，研究一以學生團隊為對象，樣本來自116位成員所組成的22個團隊；研究二以組織內團隊為對象，樣本來自431位成員所組成的51個團隊。兩研究之研究結果皆顯示，當團隊成員們知覺的團隊安全感氛圍愈高，團隊內的資訊分享程度也愈高；而團隊認知閉合需求愈高，則團隊資訊分享程度則愈低。此外，團隊資訊分享程度與團隊創新績效呈現顯著正向關係。研究者進一步分析團隊資訊分享的可能中介效果，研究結果僅研究一之學生團隊支持團隊安全感氛圍會透過團隊資訊分享，進而影響團隊創新績效。本文最後針對研究結果進行討論，並提出相關理論意涵。
英文摘要

Team innovation has been highlighted as a core competence for organizations to maintain competitive advantage. Thus, what kinds of factors could improve team innovation is an essential issue. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationships between team safety climate, teams' need for cognitive closure, team information sharing, and team innovation. The study designed a team level scale of need for cognitive closure and examined its' construct validity. The formal research conducted two studies, study one contained a sample of 22 teams with 116 team members from two universities, and study two contained a sample of 51 teams and 431 team members form fifteen organizations. The results of the two studies showed that team safety climate was significantly and positively related to team information sharing, teams' need for cognitive closure was significantly and negatively related to team information sharing, and team information sharing was significantly and positively related to team innovation. Furthermore, results from study one showed that team information sharing mediated the relationship between team safety climate and team innovation. We discussed the implications of our findings and study limitations.
主题分类 社會科學 > 管理學
参考文献
  1. Nijstad, B. A., Selman, F., & De Dreu, C. K. W. (2008). Innovation in top management teams: A motivated information processing approach. Unpublished manuscript, University of Amsterdam..
  2. Aiken, L. S.,West, S. G.(1991).Multiple regression: Testing and interpreting interactions.Newbury Park, CA:Sage.
  3. Ancona, D. G.,Caldwell, D. F.(1992).Bridging the boundary: External activity and performance in organizational teams.Administrative Science Quarterly,37,634-665.
  4. Baron, R. M.,Kenny, D. A.(1986).The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,51,1173-1182.
  5. Bechtoldt, M. N.,De Dreu, C. K. W.,Nijstad, B. A.,Choi, H. S.(2010).Motivated information processing, social tuning, and group creativity.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,99,622-637.
  6. Blau, P.(1977).Enequality and heterogeneity.New York, NY:Free Press.
  7. Cacioppo, J. T.,Petty, R. E.(1982).The need for cognition.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,42,116-131.
  8. Caldwell, D. F.,O'Reilly, C. A.(2003).The determinants of team-based innovation in organizations: The role of social influence.Small Group Research,34,497-517.
  9. Chirumbolo, A.,Areni, A.,Sensales, G.(2004).Need for closure and politics: Voting, political attitudes and attributional style.International Journal of Psychology,39,245-253.
  10. Chirumbolo, A.,Mannetti, L.,Pierro, A.,Areni, A.,Kruglandki, A. W.(2005).Motivated closed-mindedness and creativity in small group.Small Group Research,36,59-82.
  11. Cortina, J. M.(1993).What is coefficient alpha? An examination of theory and applications.Journal of Applied Psychology,78,98-104.
  12. Curral, L. A.,Forrester, R. H.,Dawson, J. F.,West, M. A.(2001).It's what you do and the way that you do it: Team task, team size, and innovation-related group processes.European Journal Work and Organizational Psychology,10,187-204.
  13. Dahlin, L. R.,Weingart, L.,Hinds, P. J.(2005).Team diversity and information use.Academy of Management Journal,48,1107-1123.
  14. De Crada, E.,Kruglanski, A. W.,Mannetti, L.,Pierro, A.(1999).Motivated cognition and group interaction: Need for closure affects the contents and processes of collective negotiations.Journal of Experimental Social Psychology,35,346-365.
  15. De Dreu, C. K. W.(2003).Time pressure and closing of the mind in negotiation.Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes,91,280-295.
  16. De Dreu, C. K. W.(2007).Cooperative outcome independence, task reflexivity, and team effectiveness: A motivated information processing perspective.Journal of Applied Psychology,92,628-638.
  17. De Dreu, C. K. W.,Koole, S. L.,Oldersma, F. L.(1999).On the seizing and freezing of negotiator inferences: Need for cognitive closure moderate the use of heuristics in negotiation.Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin,25,348-362.
  18. De Dreu, C. K. W.,Nijstad, B. A.,Bechtoldt, M. N.,Baas, M.(2011).Group creativity and innovation: A motivated information processing perspective.Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts,5,81-89.
  19. De Dreu, C. K. W.,Nijstad, B. A.,van Kinppenberg, D.(2008).Motivated information processing in group judgment and decision making.Personality and Social Psychology Review,12,22-49.
  20. De Dreu, C. K. W.,West, M. A.(2001).Minority dissent and team innovation: The importance of participation in decision-making.Journal of Applied Psychology,68,1191-1201.
  21. Dijksterhuis, A.,van Knippenberg, A.,Kruglanski, A. W.,Schaper, C.(1996).Motivated social cognition: Need for closure effects on memory and judgement.Journal of Experimental Social Psychology,32,254-270.
  22. Drach-Zahavey, A.,Somech, A.(2001).Understanding team innovation: The role of team processes and structure.Group Dynamics: Theory, Research, and Practice,5,111-123.
  23. Edmondson, A.(1999).Psychological safety and learning behavior in work team.Administrative Science Quarterly,44,250-383.
  24. Edwards, J. R.,Lambert, L. S.(2007).Methods for integrating moderation and mediation: A general analytical framework using moderated path analysis.Psychological Methods,12,1-22.
  25. Faul, F.,Erdfelder, E.,Buchner, A.,Lang, A. G.(2009).Statistical power analyses using G*Power 3.1: Tests for correlation and regression analyses.Behavior Research Methods,41,1149-1160.
  26. Gil, F.,Rico, R.,Alcover, C. M.,Barrasa, A.(2005).Change-oriented leadership, satisfaction and performance in work groups: Effects of team climate and group potency.Journal of Managerial Psychology,20,312-328.
  27. Girffin, M. A.,Neal, A.(2000).Perceptions of safety at work: A framework for linking safety climate to safety performance, knowledge, and motivation.Journal of Occupational Health Psychology,5,347-358.
  28. Gladstein, D. L.(1984).Groups in context: A model of task group effectiveness.Administrative Science Quarterly,29,499-517.
  29. Glick, W. H.(1985).Conceptualizing and measuring organizational and psychological climate: Pitfalls in multilevel research.The Academy of Management Review,10,601-616.
  30. Hays, R. D.,Hayashi, T.,Stewart, A. L.(1989).A five-item measure of socially desirable response set.Educational and Psychological Measurement,49,629-636.
  31. Higgins, E. T.(Ed.),Sorrentino, R. M.(Ed.)(1990).Handbook of motivation and cognition: Foundations of social behavior.New York, NY:Guildford.
  32. Hu, L. T.,Bentler, P. M.(1999).Cut off criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives.Structural Equation Modelling: A Multidisciplinary Journal,6,1-55.
  33. James, L. R.(1982).Aggregation bias in estimates of perceptual agreement.Journal of Applied Psychology,67,219-229.
  34. James, L. R.,Demaree, R. G.,Wolf, G.(1984).Estimating within-group interrater reliability with and without response bias.Journal of Applied Psychology,69,85-98.
  35. James, L. R.,Sells, S. B.(1981).Psychological climate: Theoretical perspectives and empirical research.Toward a psychology of situations: An international perspective,Hillsdale, NJ:
  36. Kearney, E.,Gebert, D.,Voelpel, S. C.(2009).When and how diversity benefits teams: The importance of team members' need for cognition.Academy of Management Journal,52,581-598.
  37. King, N.,Anderson, N.(2002).Managing innovation and change: A critical guide for organization.London, England:Thomson.
  38. King, N.,Anderson, N.,West, M. A.(1992).Organizational innovation: A case study of perceptions and processes.Work and Stress,5,331-339.
  39. Kivimäki, M.,Elovainio, M.(1999).A short version of the team climate inventory: Development and psychometric properties.Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology,72,241-246.
  40. Klein, K. J.,Kozlowski, S. W. J.(2000).From micro to meso: Critical steps in conceptualizing and conducting multilevel research.Organizational Research Methods,3,211-236.
  41. Krgulanski, A. W.,Mayseless, O.(1987).Motivational effects on the social comparison of opinions.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,53,834-853.
  42. Kroon, M. B. R.,van Kreveld, D.,Rabbie, J. M.(1992).Group versus individual decision making.Small Group Research,23,427-458.
  43. Kruglanski, A. W.(2004).The psychology of closed mindedness.New York, NY:Have Psychology Press.
  44. Kruglanski, A. W.(1989).Lay epistemics and human knowledge.New York, NY:Plenum Press.
  45. Kruglanski, A. W.,Freund, T.(1983).The freezing and unfreezing of lay-inferences: Effects on impressional primacy, ethnic stereotyping and numerical anchoring.Journal of Experimental Social Psychology,19,448-468.
  46. Kruglanski, A. W.,Webster, D. M.(1996).Motivated closing of the mind: "Seizing" and "freezing".Psychological Review,103,263-283.
  47. Leinhart, S.(Ed.)(1982).Sociological methodology.San Francisco, CA:Jossey-Bass.
  48. Lovelance, K.,Shapiro, D. L.,Weingart, L. R.(2001).Maximizing cross-functional new product teams' innovativeness and constraint adherence: A conflict communications perspective.Academy of Management Journal,44,779-793.
  49. MacKinnon, D. P.,Fritz, M. S.,Williams, J.,Lockwood, C. M.(2007).Distribution of the product confidence limits for the indirect effect: Program PRODCLIN.Behavior Research Methods,39,384-389.
  50. MacKinnon, D. P.,Lockwood, C. M.,Hoffman, J. M.,West, S. G.,Sheets, V.(2002).A comparison of the methods to test mediation and other intervening variable effects.Psychological Methods,7,83-104.
  51. Mannetti, L.,Battanier, A.,Pierro, A.(1996).Dominance in group conversation.International Journal of Psycholinguistics,12,297-307.
  52. Mannetti, L.,Pierro, A.,Kruglanski, A.,Taris, T.,Bezinovic, P.(2002).A cross-cultural study of the need for cognitive closure scale: Comparing its structure in Croatia, Italy, USA and the Netherlands.British Journal of Social Psychology,41,139-156.
  53. McLeod, P. L.,Lobel, S. A.,Cox, T. H.(1996).Ethnic diversity and creativity in small groups.Small Group Research,27,248-264.
  54. Michaelis, B.,Stegmaier, R.,Sonntag, K.(2010).Shedding light on followers' innovation implementation behavior: The role of transformational leadership, commitment to change, and climate for initiative.Journal of Managerial Psychology,25,408-429.
  55. Nembhard, I. M.,Edmondson, A. C.(2006).Making it safe: The effects of leader inclusiveness and professional status on psychological safety and improvement efforts in health care teams.Journal of Organizational Behavior,27,941-966.
  56. Nijstad, B. A.,De Dreu, C. K. W.(2002).Creativity and group innovation.Applied Psychology: An International Review,51,400-406.
  57. Nijstad, B. A.,Rietzschel, E. F.,Stroebe, W.(2006).Four principles of group creativity.Creativity and innovation in organizational teams,Mahwah, NJ:
  58. Parker, C. P.,Baltes, B. B.,Young, S. A.,Huff, J. W.,Altmann, R. A.,Lacost, H. A.,Roberts, J. E.(2000).Relationships between psychological climate perceptions and work outcomes: A meta-analytic review.Journal of Organizational Behavior,24,389-416.
  59. Paulus, P. B.(Ed.),Nijstad, B. A.(Ed.)(2003).Group creativity: Innovation through collaboration.New York, NY:Oxford University Press.
  60. Pierro, A.,Mannetti, L.,De Grada, E.,Livi, S.,Kruglanski, A. W.(2003).Autocracy bias in informal groups under need for closure.Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin,29,405-417.
  61. Podsakoff, P. M.,Mackenzie, S. B.,Podsakoff, N. P.(2003).Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies.Journal of Applied Psychology,88,879-903.
  62. Posakoff, P. M.,Organ, D. W.(1986).Self-reports in organizational research: Problems and prospects.Journal of Management,12,531-544.
  63. Roets, A.,Van Hiel, A.(2011).Item selection and validation of a brief, 15-item version of the need for closure scale.Personality and Individual Differences,50,90-94.
  64. Schneider, B.(Ed.)(1990).Organizational climate and culture.San Franciso, CA:Jossey Bass.
  65. Schneider, B.,White, S. S.,Paul, M. C.(1998).Linking service climate and customer perceptions of service quality: Testing of a causal model.Journal of Applied Psychology,83,150-163.
  66. Schwab, D. P.(2005).Research methods for organizational studies.Mahwah, NJ:Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  67. Scott, S. G.,Bruce, R. A.(1994).Determinants of innovative behavior: A path model of individual innovation in the workplace.Academy of Management Journal,37,580-607.
  68. Shin, S. J.,Zhou, J.(2007).When is educational specialization heterogeneity related to creativity in research and development? Transformational leadership as a moderator.Journal of Applied Psychology,92,1709-1721.
  69. Somech, A.(2006).The effects of leadership style and team processes on performance and innovation in functionally heterogeneous teams.Journal of Management,32,132-157.
  70. Stewart, D. D.,Stasser, G.(1995).Expert role assignment and information sampling during collective recall and decision making.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,69,619-628.
  71. Taggar, S.(2002).Individual creativity and group ability to utilize individual creative resources: A multilevel model.Academy of Management Journal,45,315-330.
  72. Thompson, E. P.,Roman, R. J.,Moskowitz, G. B.,Chaiken, S.(1994).Accuracy motivation attenuates covert priming: The systematic reprocessing of social information.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,66,447-489.
  73. Thompson, L. L.(Ed.),Brett, J. M.(Ed.)(2006).The social psychology of negotiation.New York, NY:Psychology Press.
  74. Tofighi, D.,MacKinnon, D. P.(2011).RMeisation: An R package for mediation analysis confidence intervals.Behavior Research Methods,43,692-700.
  75. van Ginkel, W. P.,van Knippenberg, D.(2008).Group information elaboration and group decision making: The role of shared task representations.Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes,105,82-97.
  76. Van Hiel, A.,Mervielde, I.(2003).The need for closure and the spontaneous use of complex and simple cognitive structures.The Journal of Social Psychology,143,559-568.
  77. Van Hiel, A.,Pandelaere, M.,Duriez, B.(2008).The impact of need for closure on conservative beliefs and racism: Differential mediation by authoritarian submission and authoritarian dominance.Society for Personality and Social Psychology,30,824-837.
  78. van Kleef, G. A.,Homan, A. C.,Beersma, B.,van Knippenberg, D.,van Knippenberg, B.,Damen, F.(2009).Searing sentiment or cold calculation? The effects of leader emotional displays on team performance depend on follower epistemic motivation.Academy of Management Journal,52,562-580.
  79. Webster, D. M.,Kruglanski, A. W.(1994).Individual differences in need for cognitive closure.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,67,1049-1062.
  80. West, M. A.(2002).Sparkling fountains or stagnant pounds: An integrative model of creativity and innovation implementation in work groups.Applied Psychology: An International Review,51,355-424.
  81. West, M. A.(1997).Developing creativity in organization.Leicester, UK:British Psychological Society.
  82. West, M. A.,Farr, J. L.(1990).Innovation and creativity at work: Psychological and organizational strategies.Chichester, UK:Wiley.
  83. West, M. A.,Sacramento, C. A.,Fay, D.(2006).Creativity and innovation implementation in work groups: The paradoxical role of demands.Creativity and innovation in organizational teams,Mahwah, NJ:
被引用次数
  1. 李怡慧、Panteli, Niki(2015)。嚴慄的夥伴：虛擬溝通中被隱藏的衝突。中山管理評論，23(1)，185-224。
  2. 羅志成,彭筱芸(2020)。技專校院專利資訊搜尋行為對市場察覺能力影響之研究。科技管理學刊，25(2)，127-156。
  3. (2019)。銀行業服務創新與行銷工具評估模式之建構與應用。績效與策略研究，16(2)，73-102。
print cancel