國人單手與雙手的雙人抬舉能力之心物法研究

Psychophysically Determined One-handed and Two-handed Bi-manual Lifting Capacity for Chinese Subjects

10.6848/JWL.201803_5(2).0005

吳水丕(Swei-Pi Wu)；鍾綉貞(Hsiu-Chen Chung)

人工物料搬運 ； 雙人搬運作業 ； 最大可承受抬舉重量 ； 手部條件 ； 抬舉頻率 ； manual materials handling ； lifting task ； hand condition ； lowering frequency ； psychophysical approach

工作與休閒學刊

5卷2期（2018 / 03 / 01）

159 - 174

繁體中文

在人工物料搬運(Manual Material Handling,簡稱MMH)領域裡。雖然有學者針對雙人搬運的作業予以探討，但這些研究大多以雙手搬運為主，顯少學者，針對使用單手的雙人搬運作業予以研究。也因此，本研究針對單手和雙手的雙人搬運作業，使用心物法來檢定其對於心理物理和生理的反應。本研究共十六位男性受試者(分八組)參與實驗，其自變項為手部條件(單、雙手)與抬舉頻率(1 次/5 分、1 次/分、4 次/分)，依變項為最大可承受抬舉重量(MAWL)、心搏率(HR)及受試者主觀施力知覺評量(RPE)，利用心物法來決定一個小時的作業時間下，受試者由地面抬舉至指節高之抬舉能力。結果顯示:(1) 手部條件對於MAWL、HR 有顯著效應，單手的MAWL 顯著低於雙手(約78%)，單手的HR 亦小於雙手(96%左右)，各項RPE 無顯著差異。(2) 抬舉頻率對於各依變項均有顯著效應，隨著抬舉頻率的增加，HR亦增加，MAWL 則下降。(3) 手部條件與抬舉頻率對於MAWL 具有顯著的交互效應，抬舉頻率與身體部位對於各部位RPE 亦具有交互效應。 整體而言，基於作業效率與安全考量，建議以單手互換的方式進行 1 次/5 分的雙人抬舉作業，而以雙手進行 1 次/分的雙人抬舉作業。

Up to date, most psychophysical studies related to bimanual materials handling have paid more attention to two hand activities, but to our knowledge no study has been conducted to study the effects of one-handed bi-manual handling. The objective of this study is to find the psychophysical and physiological responses of human subjects from a simulated task involving one-handed and two-handed bi-manual handling tasks. A total of 16 male participants joined the experiment, with the hand conditions (one hand and two hands) and lifting frequency (once/5minutes, once/1 minute, 4 times/1 minute) as independent variables and the maximum acceptable weight of lifting (MAWL), heart rate (HR), and subjective rating of perceived exertion (RPE) as the independent variables. The psychophysical approach was adopted to determine the participants’ lifting capacity from the knuckle height to the ground within the operation time of one hour. The results showed that: (1) The hand condition showed significant effects on the MAWL, HR, and overall RPE. The MAWL of one hand was significantly lower than that of two hands (about 78%). Additionally, the HR of one hand was lower than those of two hands; (2) The lifting frequency showed significant effects on MAWL, HR, and overall RPE. An increase in lifting frequency led to a significant decease in MAWL, while HR and the overall RPE significantly increased. (3)The interaction effects of hand eondition with lifting freguency，and lifting freguency with body parts were significant. On the whole, the hand condition of two hands and lifting frequency of once/1 minutes was the lifting combination with the highest MAWL, but the lowest RPE. Under the single hand-lifting situation, once/5 minutes showed the best performance. It is believed that the results of this study could be helpful in the development of MMH database, employee selection and MSDs injury prevention for bi-manual materials handling activities.

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