國人單手與雙手的雙人卸下能力之心物法研究

Psychophysically Determined One-handed and Two-handed Bi-manual Lowering capacity for Chinese Subjects

10.6848/JWL.201803_5(2).0006

吳水丕(Swei-Pi Wu)；鍾綉貞(Hsiu-Chen Chung)；林政諭(Cheng Yu Lin)

人工物料搬運 ； 雙人卸下作業 ； 最大可承受卸下重量 ； 心物法 ； manual materials handling ； lowering task ； lowering frequency ； psychophysical approach

工作與休閒學刊

5卷2期（2018 / 03 / 01）

175 - 187

繁體中文

在人工物料搬運（Manual Material Handling,簡稱MMH）領域裡。雖然有學者針對雙人卸下的作業予以探討，但這些研究大多以雙手卸下為主，顯少學者，針對使用單手的雙人卸下作業予以研究。也因此，本研究針對單手和雙手的雙人卸下作業，使用心物法來檢定其對於心理物理和生理的反應。本研究共十六位男性受試者（分八組）參與實驗，其自變項為手部條件（單、雙手）與卸下頻率（1 次/5 分、1 次/分、4 次/分），依變項為最大可承受卸下重量（MAWLo）、心搏率（HR）及受試者主觀施力知覺評量（RPE），利用心物法來決定一個小時的作業時間下，受試者由指節高卸下至地面之卸下能力。結果顯示:（1） 手部條件對於MAWLo、手腕RPE 有顯著效應，單手的MAWLo 顯著低於雙手（約83%），雙手的手腕RPE 顯著大於單手的手腕RPE。（2） 卸下頻率對於各依變項均有顯著效應，隨著卸下頻率的增加，HR 和RPE 亦增加，MAWLo 則下降。整體而言，基於作業效率與安全考量，建議以單手互換的方式進行 1 次/5 分的雙人卸下作業，而以雙手進行 1 次/分的雙人卸下作業，且卸下作業起始點宜盡量降低，而減少腿部的壓力。

Up to date, most psychophysical studies related to bimanual materials handling have paid more attention to twohand activities, but to our knowledge no study has been conducted to study the effects of one-handed bi-manual handling. The objective of this study is to find the psychophysical and physiological responses of human subjects from a simulated task involving one-handed and two-handed bi-manual handling tasks. A total of 16 male participants joined the experiment, with the hand conditions (one hand and two hands) and lowering frequency (once/5minutes, once/1 minute, 4 times/1 minute) as independent variables and the maximum acceptable weight of lowering (MAWLo), heart rate (HR), and subjective rating of perceived exertion (RPE) as the independent variables. The psychophysical approach was adopted to determine the participants’ lowering capacity from the knuckle height to the ground within the operation time of one hour. The results showed that: (1) The hand condition showed significant effects on the MAWLo, HR, and overall RPE. The MAWLo of one hand was significantly lower than that of two hands (about 83%). Additionally, the HR and overall RPE of one hand were both lower than those of two hands; (2) The lowering frequency showed significant effects on MAWLo, HR, and overall RPE. An increase in lowering frequency led to a significant decease in MAWLo, while HR and the overall RPE significantly increased. The MAWLo for once/1 minute and 4 times/1 minute accounted for 87% and 74% of once /5 minute respectively; (3) On the whole, the hand condition of two hands and lowering frequency of once/5 minutes was the lowering combination with the highest MAWLo, but the lowest RPE. Under the single hand-lowering situation, once/5 minutes showed the best performance. It is believed that the results of this study could be helpful in the development of MMH database, employee selection and MSDs injury prevention for bi-manual materials handling activities.

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