田徑選手運動樂趣來源與運動承諾之相關研究

The Relationships of Sources of Sport Enjoyment and Sport Commitment for Track and Field Athletes

王耀聰(Wang Yao-Tsung)；許績勝(Hsu Gi-Sheng)；馬君萍(Ma Chun-Ping)

運動樂趣來源 ； 運動承諾 ； sources of sport enjoyment ； sport commitment

興大體育學刊

17期（2018 / 01 / 01）

69 - 80

繁體中文

本研究主要目的在：一、比較中學男、女田徑選手運動樂趣來源之差異情形；二、探討中學田徑選手運動樂趣來源與運動承諾模式相關因素之關係。本研究以參加全國中等學校田徑錦標賽暨公開賽之國、高中男、女田徑選手共897人為研究對象。所有受試者被要求填寫基本資料、運動樂趣來源量表以及運動承諾模式量表。以單因子多變量變異數分析以及典型相關分析方法分析所有資料。研究結果顯示：一、中學男、女田徑選手在運動樂趣來源方面有顯著差異存在，其中，女選手在社交和生活機會方面高於男選手，而男選手在活動本身以及知覺能力方面高於女選手；二、中學田徑選手的「高活動本身、高社交和生活機會、高知覺能力以及高社會認同和獎勵」之運動樂趣來源組型，與「高運動承諾、高運動樂趣、高參與機會以及高個人投資」組型有密切關聯。最後，本研究根據研究結果提出具體建議，供教練選手以及未來研究參考。

The purpose of this study were: (1) to examine the differences of the sources of sport enjoyment for male and female track and field athletes. (2) toexplore the relationship between sources of sport enjoyment and the related factors of sport commitment model for high school track and field athletes. A total of 897 high school track and field athletes who participated in National High School Track and Field Tournament were served as participants. All participants were asked to complete the demographic data, the Inventory of Sources of Sport Enjoyment and the Inventory of Sport Commitment. The one-way MANOVA and canonical correlation statistics methods were used to analyze all collected data. The results of this study indicated that: (1) a significant gender different were found in sources of sport enjoyment, female athletes had higher score in ' social and life opportunities' than male athletes, while male athletes had higher score in ' activity itself' and ' perceived competence' than female athletes. (2) high school athletes' 「high activity itself, high social and life opportunities, high perceived competence, and high social recognition and rewards」of sources of sport enjoyment pattern were correlated with athletes' 「high sport commitment, high sport enjoyment, high involvement opportunities, and high personal investments 」 sport commitment pattern. Finally, based on the results of current study, the implications for the coaches and athletes and suggestions for the future studies are discussed.

1. 王耀聰(2005)。男、女田徑選手知覺教練領導行為與運動樂趣來源之相關研究。大專體育學刊，7(3)，127-140。
   連結：
2. 黃宥瑄(2004)。桃園，銘傳大學。
   連結：
3. Becker, H. S.(1960).Notes on the concepts of commitment.American Sociological Review,66,32-40.
4. Csikszentmihalyi, M.(1975).Beyond boredom and anxiety.San Francisco:Jossey-Bass.
5. Fredricks, J. A.,Simpkins, S. D.(2013).Organized out-of-school activities and peer relationships: Theoretical perspectives and previous research.New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development,140,1-17.
6. Kelley, H. H.(ed.),Berscheid, E.(ed.),Christensen, A.(ed.),Harvey, J. H.(ed.),Huston, T. L.(ed.),Levinger, G.(ed.),McClintock, E.(ed.),Peplau, L. A.(ed.),Petersen, D. R.(ed.)(1983).Close relationships.New York:Freeman.
7. Kim, B. J.(1997).University of North Carolina at Greenboro.
8. Kimiecik, J. C.,Harris, A. T.(1996).What if enjoyment? A conceptual/definitional analysis with implications for sport and exercise psychology.Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology,18,247-263.
9. Scanlan, T. K.,Carpenter, P. J.,Lobel, M.,Simons, J. P.(1993).Sources of enjoyment for youth sport athletes.Pediatric Exercise Science,5,275-285.
10. Scanlan, T. K.,Simons, J. P.(1992).The construct of sport enjoyment.Motivation in sport and exercise,Champaign, IL:
11. Scanlan, T. K.,Simons, J. P.,Carpenter, P. J.,Schmidt, G. W.,Keeler, B.(1993).the sport commitment model: Measurement development for the youth-sport domain.Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology,15,16-38.
12. Scanlan, T. K.,Stein, G. L.,Ravizza, K.(1989).An in-depth study of former elite figure skaters: II. Sources of Enjoyment.Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology,11,65-83.
13. Scanlan. T. K.,Carpenter, P. J.,Schmidt, G. W.,Simons, J. P.,Keeler, B.(1993).An introduction to the sport commitment model.Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology,15,1-15.
14. Weiss, M. R.,Kimmel, L. A.,Smith, A. L.(2001).Determinants of sport commitment among junior tennis players: Enjoyment as a mediating variable.Pediatric Exercise Science,13,131-144.
15. 林孟逸(2001)。桃園，國立體育學院體育。
16. 許義雄(1988).社會變遷與體育發展—體育正課的「運動樂趣」因素分析.台北:文景書局.
17. 趙文其(1999)。桃園，國立體育學院。

1. 陸玟吉(2018)。大專運動員運動樂趣、運動員認同、運動承諾與生涯發展之關係。嘉大體育健康休閒期刊，17(1)，1-13。