伸展運動對智能障礙者平衡、敏捷性及柔軟度之影響

The Effects of Stretching Exercises on Balance, Agility and Flexibility in Intellectual Disabilities Participants

蔡鴻祺(Hong-Chi Tsai)；陳長源(Chang-Yuan Chen)；胡巧欣(Chiao-Hsin Hu)；吳一德(I-Te Wu)

伸展運動 ； 智能障礙 ； 柔軟度 ； 平衡 ； 敏捷性 ； stretching exercise ； intellectual disabilities ； flexibility ； balance ； agility

興大體育學刊

18期（2019 / 01 / 01）

37 - 50

繁體中文

目的：智能障礙者的健康問題非單一因素造成，藉由伸展運動，以促進智能障礙者的平衡、敏捷性及柔軟度，可提供整體性健康照護。方法：召募30位智能障礙者，分成實驗組（中度智能者7人、重度智能者8人）與對照組（中度智能者9人、重度智能者6人流失一名共5人）：接受12週伸展運動課程，每週3次、每次50分鐘。各組分別於運動訓練介入前、12週運動訓練介入後及停止訓練後4週共3次，檢測平衡、敏捷性及柔軟度。以重複量數單因子變異數分析(one-way ANOVA)、雪費法事後分析及皮爾森積差相關等統計分析，顯著水準定為α＝.05。結果：12週低強度伸展運動介入後，平衡、敏捷性及柔軟度指標等各項指標皆在實驗組之促進效益顯著優於對照組。進一步分析停止訓練後4周與訓練前(C-A)間變化情形，發現運動訓練實驗(1)組、實驗(2)組的效益仍顯著優於(3)組與(4)組。且停止訓練後4週，各項指標仍具有保留訓練的效果。結論：12週的伸展運動，較能顯著提升智能障礙者平衡、敏捷性及柔軟度及日常生活的參與。停止訓練後4週仍能保留其訓練效益，且運動型態與各變項之促進效益有某程度上的關聯性。因此，伸展運動不僅有效增進智能障礙在生理的優勢效應，更可作為智能障礙者健身運動處方建立的依據。

Purpose: The healthy problems of people who have intellectual disabilities are not caused by a single factor. Stretching exercises could not only facilitated balance, agility and flexibility of mentally challenged people but also afforded entire health care. Methods: Recruited 30mentally challenged people then divided them into treatment group and control group The next step was accepting stretching exercise classes for 12 weeks; besides, it needs 3 times a week and every time a class lasts 50 minutes. The groups had to be tested balance, agility and flexibility 3 times altogether: before joining the exercise training, 12 weeks after joining the exercise training and 4 weeks after stopping the training. According to some statistical analyses like one-way ANOVA, Scheffe method and Pearson's product-moment correlation, the significant level was set as α ＝ .05. Result: On the facilitated benefits side, after putting in stretching exercises for 12 weeks, the quotas of static balance, agility and flexibility of treatment group were better than control group. Furthermore, And analyzed variation between 4 weeks after stopping the training and periods before training (C-A) found, the facilitated benefits of treatment group (1) and (2) were higher than treatment group (3) and (4) in the exercise training. Conclusion: Stretching exercises for 12 weeks more obviously increased static balance, agility and flexibility of mentally challenged people and help them participate daily lives. 4 weeks after stopping training, it still conserved the effects, while exercise patterns and facilitated benefits of all variables in some ways had relevance. Therefore, stretching exercises could not only benefit the advantage effect on physiology of mentally handicapped people but also be regarded as a reference of fitness exercise prescriptions for people who have intellectual disabilities.

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