兒童圖畫故事書中“死亡概念”與“悲傷調適歷程”之探究

The Investigation of Death and Grief Adjustment in Picture Story Book

10.6367/ECE.200903.0039

吳捷鳳(Chieh-Feng Wu)

兒童圖畫故事書 ； 死亡概念 ； 悲傷調適歷程 ； picture story book ； death concepts ； grief counseling

幼兒教育

293期（2009 / 03 / 31）

39 - 57

繁體中文

近年來，兒童圖畫故事書如雨後春筍般出版，取材甚廣。當兒童發覺傳統童話故事的幸福結局，無法紓解現實生活中的難題時，兒童喜愛的圖畫故事書是個很好的輔助工具。本文旨在探究近三年來坊間出版與死亡相關之兒童圖畫故事書，分析圖畫故事書中關於死亡概念與悲傷調適歷程之概念，以作爲輔導兒童之參考。研究結果發現：一、圖畫故事書之死亡概念：大多數的圖畫故事書包含不可逆性與非肉體延續性，但較少描述普遍性。二、圖畫故事書之悲傷調適歷程：大多數的圖畫故事書包含悲傷調適四階段。三、研究者建議：當孩子對死亡提出疑問時，成人應以坦然、溫和的態度，與孩子進行討論，並且，依照孩子對死亡的認知程度，來選擇較貼近孩子現實經驗的圖畫故事書，進行伴讀，成人的支持與陪伴將是協助孩子走過悲傷最大的力量。

Recently, picture story books are published in great quantities, and the topics of the picture story books are discussed from many different perspectives. When a child realizes that the happy ending of traditional fairy tale stories cannot solve the difficulties in their real life, the picture story book becomes a good assistant tool. This paper mainly discusses the children's picture story books related to the topic of death, which have been published in the three years; and the concepts of death and grief counseling in these picture story books are analyized. In addition, these concepts are expected and provided to be as the reference while counseling children. The findings show: (1) Death Concepts: One-third of picture story books include the irreversibility and nocorporeal continuation, but less universality. (2)Grief Counseling: Four phases of adjustment are discussed in most picture story books. (3)Personal Suggestion: When children have questions about the death, adults should discuss the topic with them in a gentle and open minded way. In addition, adults should select appropriate picture story books according to their cognitive stage of the death and their real life experience. Adult's support and company will be the best strength to help children go through the grief period.