沿海國拒絕他國入漁專屬經濟區之研究

A Study on Coastal State Deny Granting Access Arrangement to Its EEZ

10.7074/YDAJB.200912.0131

周怡(Yi Chou)

專屬經濟區 ； 入漁 ； 適當顧及 ； 比例原則 ； 誠信原則 ； 對一切義務 ； EEZ ； Access to Fish ； Due Regard ； Principle of Proportionality ； Good Faith ； Obligation Erga Omnes

育達科大學報

21期（2009 / 12 / 01）

131 - 150

繁體中文

在海洋法公約設立專屬經濟區之前，沿海國多認可其他國家之傳統捕魚之地位是受到公海自由之保障，海洋法公約確立的專屬經濟區制度後，此項捕魚地位不再受到公海自由之保護。根據海洋法公約61條1項、62條2、3項，297條3項a、b、c款之規定，沿海國拒絕入漁或不簽署協議無法律非難之義務，若允許涉及資源保育之問題可以進入具有強制拘束之法律程序，無疑同意其他國家可以利用超國家機構干涉沿海國行使主權之合法性。其他國家入漁的請求並非權利，只是期待地位。許多國際公約均及提適當顧及，海洋法公約亦不例外要求沿海國適當顧及其他國家之在專屬經濟區內權益，適當顧及便是公約賦予沿海國自由裁量條約所規定的各項因素，而此裁量只要符合海洋法公約之要求，並無其他法律義務可加以限制。

The status of traditional fishing of State was not protected after the E.E.Z. was established by UNCLOS. In accordance with Arts. 61 (1)、62(2)、(3)、297 Ⅲ (a)、(b)、(c), the coastal State deny the access to fish or refuse to sign an agreement with other countries in EEZ were censured no legal obligation. If allowed the problems related to resource conservation can be filed to compulsory proceeding, no doubt agree that other countries can make use of supra-international judicial bodies to interfere in the exercise of sovereignty over the legality of the coastal State. Access to fish is not legal right under UNCLOS. Many international conventions mentioned with due regard to, the UNCLOS is no exception request the coastal State with due regard to other countries' interests in the EEZ. Due regard is given to coastal States the discretion of the Convention by the provisions on the various factors, and this discretion as long as consistent with the UNCLOS, it is no other legal obligations can be limited.

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