王艮尊身思想中的群己意識

The public & individual ideology in Tsun Shen Thought of Wang Gen

羅永吉(Yung-Chi Lo)

群己 ； 王艮 ； 王心齋 ； 淮南格物 ； 安身 ； 保身 ； 萬物一體 ； the public & individual ； Wang Gen ； Wang Hsin-chai ； Huai Nan Ke Wu ； An Shen ； Pao Shen ； all as the one

育達科大學報

41期（2015 / 10 / 01）

43 - 59

繁體中文

王艮以「身」為本的「淮南格物說」與「明哲保身論」，不同於其師陽明以「心」為本的良知學。如何在多了「血肉」的個人有限之「身」上，開創無限的生命價值，王艮將遇到更多的理論困境。王艮依於《大學》提出「身之為本」、「家國天下之為末」的說法，實亦與《大學》文本有所距離。他在本末兩端中，遺落了「八條目」層遞結構的中間環節。就「個體」與「群體」的關係而言，王艮儒家型態的群己觀，可以對照現代西方哲學的論述，以顯出其特色及現代意義。然而，亦必須照應到不同文化背景下的世界觀與價值觀。王艮雖倡尊身，但卻不是「個體」與「群體」對立的思維，其尊身反而是要成就群己的和諧。這凸顯出中、西文化背景之差異。

Wang Gen's ＂Huai Nan Ke Wu Shuo＂ and ＂Ming Che Pao Shen theory＂ based on ＂Shen (body)＂ are different from ＂heart＂ based Conscience Theory of his master Wang Yang-ming. In order to create infinite value of life from the limited individual ＂body＂ with ＂flesh and blood＂, Wang Gen will encounter more theoretical obstacles. Based on ＂body-based＂ and ＂country and world-based＂ views suggested in Da Xue, Wang Gen's theory is, in fact, different from the text of Da Xue. At the end of the article, he neglected the middle part in hierarchical structure of ＂Eight Articles＂. Regarding the relationship between ＂individual＂ and ＂group＂, Wang Gen's Confucian view of the public & individual can be compared with modern Western philosophy in order to indicate the characteristics and significance in modern time. However, is should refer to world view and values in different cultural backgrounds. Although Wang Gen advocated Tsun Shen, he did not mean the confronting thoughts between ＂individual＂ and ＂group＂. Tsun Shen aims to fulfill the harmony between the public and individuals. It demonstrates the difference between Chinese and western cultures.

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