太極拳推手選手體能因子特徵分析研究

A Study of Conditioning Factors of Tai-Chi-Chuan Push Hand Contestants

10.6780/JGETUT.200904.0163

洪惠娟(Hui-Chuan Hung)

無氧體能複合表現 ； 柔軟度 ； 後仰伸展 ； 動態平衡 ； complex perform of anaerobic conditioning ； flexibility ； back hyperextension ； dynamic balance

台南科技大學通識教育學刊

8期（2009 / 04 / 01）

163 - 176

繁體中文

本研究目的在於探討太極拳推手選手體能因子之特徵及其重要性順序。以高中男子太極拳推手選手爲受試對象（身高167.79±6.64公分，體重64.09±12.32公斤，年齡17.32±0.72年，拳齡2.47±0.52年，n=28），設計一連8日的測驗日程，施測28項體能。測驗日經過說明及熱身活動後，即按研究分組編排方式輪替施測，每次分別施測7項。以Pearson相關係數考驗原始分數的重測信度；以Cronbach's α係數考驗第1次測驗的內在信度；以因素分析的主成份正交轉軸之最大變異法篩選相關因素，依其總體特徵給予命名，並就同共性分析結果排列其重要性順序。結果抽出4個因素，累積變異量爲89.93%；因素一包括「肌力、爆發力、敏捷、速度、無氧耐力」等無氧性體能表現之特徵（變異量58.88%、共同性0.908）；因素二主要火「身體柔軟能力」的表現，具有「柔軟度」的體能特徵（變異量11.67%、共同性0.896）；因素三之特徵以「後仰伸展」較爲突出（變異量9.98%、共同性0.888）；因素四則以「雙腳交互跳躍定點平衡」較爲突出，具有「動態平衡」的體能特徵（變異量9.40%、共同性0.807）。本研究發現，太極拳推手選手的體能因子特徵，依重要性順序排列爲：1．肌力、爆發力、敏捷、速度、無氧耐力；2．柔軟度；3．後仰伸展；4．動態平衡，顯示無氧性體能的複合表現在推手運動中影響甚鉅，故訓練過程應特別注意其無氧性體能的均衡發展。

The purposes of this study were to investigate the conditioning factors and its construction of Tai-Chi-Chuan Push Hand (TCCPH) contestants. The study was designed 28 conditioning test items, and tested for 8 days. Male high school TCCPH contestants (mean height were 167.79±6.64cm, mean weight were 64.09±12.32kg, mean age were 17.32±0.72 years, mean practice age were 2.47±0.52 years, n=28), were the volunteers for this study. In each test day, tested 7 items in groups. In this study, the Pearson product-moment correlation used to analysis external reliability, the Cronbach's α used to analysis internal reliability, the factor analysis used to analyze data, named in accordance with each characteristic of factor, and the construction basis for communality. 4 factors, accounted for by 89.93%, were obtained in the results. The factor 1 included ”muscular strength, power, agility, speed, and anaerobic endurance” which are performing of anaerobic conditioning (pct of variation by 58.88%/communality by 0.908). The factor 2 includes ”body flexibility capacity” which is flexibility (11.67%/0.896). The factor 3 was ”back hyperextension” (9.98%/0.888). The factor 4 was ”dynamic balance” (9.40%/0.807). The conclusions of this study indicated that priority order for the conditioning factors of TCCPH contestants were for by ”muscular strength, power, agility, speed, and anaerobic endurance”, ”flexibility”, ”back hyperextension”, and ”dynamic balance”. And this study shows that effects of complex perform of anaerobic conditioning in TCCPH are very important. For this reason, TCCPH contestants should focus more on development of anaerobic motor capacity during sport training.