社會資本與家庭結構對老年人的健康、休閒參與及主觀幸福感之研究－以台灣地區老年人為例

The Study of Social Capital and Family Structure on Elders' Health, Leisure Participation, and Subjective Well-Being -- An Empirical Study on Taiwan's Elders

侯堂盛(Tang-Sheng Ho)；楊孟華(Meng-Hua Yang)

社會資本 ； 家庭結構 ； 主觀幸福感 ； 休閒參與 ； social capital ； family structure ； subjective well-being ； leisure participation

休閒運動健康評論

11卷2期（2022 / 09 / 30）

55 - 71

繁體中文

本研究目的主要在聯結社會資本、家庭結構及個人社經地位對高齡者自評健康狀況、休閒參與和主觀幸福感的相關與影響情形。本研究正式施測對象，以北、中、南地區老年人作為抽樣的研究對象，採問卷調查問卷發放，共計發800份問卷，有效問卷合計為373份。資料回收後，進行統計分析，研究結果如下：（一）休閒活動、人際信賴、家人信賴、家人照顧滿意與日常所需花費充足度對於老年人的自評健康狀況，達顯著相關。（二）休閒活動、人際信賴、居住狀況、家人照顧滿意、教育程度與日常所需花費充足度對於老年人的休閒參與，達顯著相關。（三）休閒活動、人際信賴、家人信賴、家人照顧滿意、教育程度與日常所需花費充足度對於老年人的主觀幸福感，達顯著相關。（四）休閒活動與人際信賴對高齡者休閒參與的效果，會產生正、負向影響；家人照顧滿意度對老年人的休閒參與的效果，為正向影響。（五）休閒活動與人際信賴對老年人的主觀幸福感的效果，會產生正、負向影響；家人照顧滿意度對老年人的主觀幸福感效果，為正向影響。整體上，我們發現老年人參與社會活動越頻繁及家庭結構越緊密，其休閒參與和主觀幸福感愈提升。

The study aims to connect the relationships and effects among social capital, family structure, and socioeconomic status to elders' self-evaluation of health condition, leisure participation, and emotional well-being. This research opted for random sampling and collected valid questionnaire from 746 elders from the Northern, Middle, and Southern parts of Taiwan. The study finds as follows: (1) There is significantly related on leisure activities, interpersonal trust, family trust, family care satisfaction, and daily expense sufficiency to elders' self-evaluation of health condition. (2) There is significantly related on leisure activities, interpersonal trust, living condition, family care satisfaction, education level, and daily expense sufficiency to elders' leisure participation. (3) There is significantly related on leisure activities, interpersonal trust, family trust, family care satisfaction, education level, and daily expense sufficiency to elders' subjective well-being. (4) Leisure activities and interpersonal trust had both positive and negative effects on elders' leisure participation; family care satisfaction both had positive effect on elders' leisure participation. (5) Leisure activities and interpersonal trust had both positive and negative effects on elders' subjective well-being; family care satisfaction both had positive effect on elders' leisure participation. Overall, this study finds that as elders participate social activities more frequently and have tighter family structure, they also have better leisure participation and subjective well-being.

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