貴州施洞苗族的儀式專家與歷史

何兆華

山西大学，您好！

感谢采购，人社期刊库｜人社论文库，期间：2025/01/01~2025/12/31

感谢试用，科学期刊库｜科学论文库，期间：2024/10/20~2025/01/20

浏览高级检索

关闭
检索检索高级检索出版物检索
浏览期刊主题浏览核心期刊浏览期刊拼音浏览

关闭

查询符号(半角)	查询符号意义说明
空格	表示为「AND」两个查询词之交集
双引号 ( " " )	片语以双引号标示开始及结束，而且只寻找出现顺序相同的字词，例： " image process "
?	表示一个字母切截，输入两个?表两个字母，依此类推，例：输入「Appl?」，查得结果应为appl e , appl y … ( 常用于英文字查询 )
*	表示不限字母切截，由0~n. 例：输入「appl*」，查得结果应为appl e , appl es , appl y , appl ied , appl ication … ( 常用于英文字查询 )
AND、OR、NOT	布尔逻辑组合关键字，用来扩大或缩小查询范围的技巧。 (1) AND ：缩小查询范围 (2) OR ：扩大查询范围(3) NOT：排除不相关的范围

DOI 是数位物件识别码（ D igital O bject I dentifier ）的简称，
为物件在网路上的唯一识别码，可用于永久连结并引用目标物件。

使用DOI作为永久连结

每个DOI号前面加上「 http://dx.doi.org/ 」便成为永久网址。
如以DOI号为 10.5297/ser.1201.002 的文献为例，此文献的永久连结便是： http://dx.doi.org/ 10.5297/ser.1201.002 。
日后不论出版单位如何更动此文献位置，永久连结所指向的位置皆会即时更新，不再错失重要的研究。

引用含有DOI的文献

有DOI的文献在引用时皆应同时引用DOI。若使用APA、Chicago以外未规范DOI的引用格式，可引用DOI永久连结。

DOI可强化引用精确性、增强学术圈连结，并给予使用者跨平台的良好使用经验，目前在全世界已有超过五千万个对象申请DOI。如想对DOI的使用与概念有进一步了解，请参考（）。

ACI:

数据来源：Academic Citation Index，简称ACI

台湾最大的引用文献资料库，目前收录台湾与港澳地区所出版的人文学、社会学领域学术期刊之书目资料与参考文献，总期刊量超过690种，每年定期公布收录期刊的影响指数(Impact Factor)等指标给大众，并提供专家学者与学术单位实用的计量与分析功能。

五年影响指数（5-Year Impact Factor）：某一期刊前五年所出版的文章在当年度的平均被引用次数。

公式：（前五年发表论文在统计年的被引用次数）÷（前五年论文产出论文总篇数）

例如：A期刊2017年之五年影响指数

(A期刊2012-2016年发表论文在2017年的被引总次数)/(A期刊2012-2016年发表的论文总数)

什么是预刊文章？

为提供读者最前线之学术资讯，于期刊文献获同意刊登后、纸本印制完成前，率先于网路线上发表之文章即为预刊文章。预刊文章尚未有卷期、页次及出版日期资讯，但可藉由DOI号识别。 DOI号是文献的数位身份证字号，不论预刊或正式出版皆不会改变，读者可点击DOI连结，或于DOI号前面加上「 http://dx.doi.org/ 」连结到文献目前最新版本。

如何引用预刊文章？

请使用预刊文章的线上发表日期及DOI号来引用该篇文献。

引用范例(视不同引文格式规范可能有所差异)：

作者姓名。文章篇名。期刊名称。 YYYY/MM/DD线上预先发表。

doi:DOI 号

来源数据

P109 - 176

人文学 > 艺术

DOI： 10.30157/JCRTF

书目管理工具

相关连结

问题回报

全文下载

贵州施洞苗族的仪式专家与历史

Ritual Specialists and History in Shidong Miao Society, Guizhou Province

何兆华(Zhao-Hua Ho)

民俗曲艺； 188 期 (2015 / 06 / 01) ， P109 - 176

繁体中文

仪式专家；施洞；宗教；仪式；性别； ritual specialists ； Shidong ； religion ； ritual ； gender

1 个人觉得这篇文章赞

摘要 │ 参考文献 (14) │ 被引用文献 (2) │ 国际计量

摘要〈TOP〉

并列摘要〈TOP〉

This paper presents an ethnographic study of the relationship between ritual specialists and local history in Miao 苗 communities located in Shidong 施洞 Town (southeastern Guizhou Province). It describes how three different types of ritual specialists complement each other in their practices as they help people cope with life's struggles. When facing a problem, Shidong Miao will invite a female spirit medium (wuk zangs dliangb; shenpo 神婆 in Chinese) to perform a divination ritual known as ＂asking the road＂ (wenlu 问路) in order to discover the source of the problem. If the cause is discovered to be a ghost, ancestor, or dragon, they will ask a male spirit medium (ghet xangs dliangb; guishi 鬼师) to perform an exorcism. However, if the cause stems from an imbalance of yin 阴 and yang 阳, events taking place on an inauspicious date, or improper geomancy (fengshui 风水), people will invite a ritual specialist known as a ＂ghet xangs did lix＂ (dili shifu 地理师傅, literally ＂master of earthly principles＂) to solve the problem. The first type of ritual specialists are considered to embody the characteristics of yin (raw, cold, darkness), and are able to transform themselves into vessels capable of containing ghosts. In contrast, the second type take on the characteristics of yang (cooked, hot, brightness), and are able to use ghostly forces to control other ghosts. Finally the third type of ritual specialist utilizes characteristics of civilization, sacredness, and masculinity to act as interpreters who carry out the principle of ＂dao 道＂ according to ideas of yin-yang and the Five Elements (wuxing 五行). The reflexive expressions of these three kinds of ritual performances demonstrate the complexity of local history, particularly the Shidong Miao people's memory of resistance and isolation. At the same time, they also reveal ideas of assimilation or submission to imperial power.During her rituals, the female spirit medium expresses the power of resistance by embodying the spirit of the powerful ghost known as Ghet liangl 勾两, a mythical figure who could sprint and fly, inspiring terror in the Chinese emperor, who ordered him put to death. However, while this may be necessary for the sake of the ritual, allowing both the medium and the ghost possessing her into the village is considered dangerous, so villagers also worship an earth god (tudi pusa 土地菩萨) for protection. In contrast, due to his ability to use ghosts to control ghosts, the male medium displays his administrative status in Miao society. In contrast to female mediums, who are possessed by mythical ghosts, male mediums deal with the communal dead, who are divided into three categories: those who die peacefully and become ancestors; those who die outside the community and become ghosts; those who inhabit tombs and become transformed into dragons, spirits possessing great magical power yet also reflecting ＂otherness＂. The male medium's rituals isolate and drive away ghosts, while also incorporating more positive spiritual forces, for example by pulling a dragon into a villager's house in order to bring fortune and fertility. Finally, by using yin and yang, the Five Elements, and fengshui, the dili shifu are able to create good fortune and change one's destiny. The phenomena described above reveal the diversity and complexity of religious life in Shidong Miao society, while also providing a window to understand processes of historization, thereby allowing us to trace how the Shidong Miao have negotiated different conceptualizations of power through ritual performances and in daily life.

参考文献 ( 14 ) 〈TOP〉

何兆华(2009)。找吃找穿的时间：贵州施洞苗人历法实践中的我群建构。民俗曲艺，166，7-59。
连结：
Cheung、 Siu-woo(2003).Miao Identities, Indigenism and the Politics of Appropriation in Southwest China during the Republican Period.Asian Ethnicity,4(1),85-114.
Faure, David(Ed.),Ho, Ts'ui-p'ing(Ed.)(2013).Chieftain into Ancestors: Imperial Expansion and Indigenous Society in Southwest China.Vancouver:UBC Press.
Ho、 Zhaohua(2011).National Tsing Hua University.
Katz, Paul R.(2013).Repaying a Nuo Vow in Western Hunan: A Rite of Trans-Hybridity?.Taiwan Journal of Anthropology,11(2),1-88.

被引用文献 ( 2 ) 〈TOP〉

国际计量

〈TOP〉

E-mail ：

文章公开取用时，将寄通知信至您填写的信箱地址