影響臺灣人減災整備行為因子之探討

楊惠萱; 李香潔

doi:10.7014/SRMA.2021100002

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P45 - 93

社会科学 > 社会科学综合

DOI： 10.7014/SRMA

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影响台湾人减灾整备行为因子之探讨

Determinants of Disaster Mitigation Behaviors in Taiwan

杨惠萱(Hui Hsuan Yang) ；李香洁(Hsiang-chieh Lee)

调查研究-方法与应用； 47 期 (2021 / 10 / 01) ， P45 - 93

繁体中文 DOI： 10.7014/SRMA.2021100002

灾害风险；脆弱性；减灾整备；灾害潜势； disaster risk ； vulnerability ； mitigation ； disaster-prone areas

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摘要 │ 参考文献 (106) │ 国际计量

摘要〈TOP〉

并列摘要〈TOP〉

This research investigated determinants of typhoon and earthquake mitigation behaviors in Taiwan based on risk analysis of hazards, exposure, and vulnerability, supplemented by the protective action decision model (PADM). Besides psychological condition (i.e., risk perception, life satisfaction, and anxiety), demographics, and socioeconomic characteristics factors (i.e., gender, age, ratio of home ownership, and average monthly income per household) mentioned in the PADM, this research added factors of family structure, social network, and internet and social media usage in the analysis. All of these factors were for the concept of social vulnerability-one dimension of risk analysis. Furthermore, this research used the factor of disaster-prone areas (i.e., disaster experiences, flood-prone areas, and number of protected people possibly affected by debris flow) to represent another dimension of risk analysis: the intersection of hazard and exposure. The 2020 Taiwan Social Change Survey data and multiple hierarchical regression analysis were used for analysis. The results showed that (1) the demographic and socio-economic factor had the greatest impact on mitigation behaviors among all the factors when added hierarchically in the model. This finding added to the literature on the importance of the demographic and socio-economic factor: as the third factor added in the model, it had an impact larger than those of the first and second factors added in the model, namely disaster-prone areas and psycho- logical condition. (2) Risk perception had a larger impact than disaster experience on mitigation behaviors-whether the impact of disaster experience on mitigation behaviors was significant depended on the type of disaster. This result suggested that to encourage mitigation behaviors, actively raising people's risk perception might be a better strategy than passively focusing on disaster experiences. (3) The factor of psychological condition could be an antecedent variable of mitigation behaviors. Experts or practitioners in the field of disaster management could plan how to integrate mental health services into the promotion of disaster mitigation behaviors. (4) Among all variables, education had the greatest impact on mitigation behaviors, which was an exciting result. This result might support the viewpoint of sociology of disasters which believes that education provides capability to absorb knowledge and obtain information of disaster mitigation behaviors. (5) The impact of the factor of family structure on mitigation behaviors was not significant. Unlike the results of previous studies, cohabiting people, especially school-age children, did not encourage family mitigation behaviors in Taiwan. Therefore, the practitioners must continue to work hard to meet their own expectation that school-age children bring home the knowledge they have acquired from school, thereby influencing their families to take disaster mitigation behaviors. The fact that families with access and functional needs did not have more mitigation behaviors than their counterparts suggested a disaster vulnerability in today's aged society. (6) Social networks, the internet, and social media influenced the flood model but were not significant in the earthquake model. As there is still room for improvement, practitioners could learn to effectively use existing social mechanisms to promote and implement disaster mitigation behaviors in Taiwan, such as school-based and neighborhood-based disaster education and management, as well as social media.

参考文献 ( 106 ) 〈TOP〉

李欣辑, Hsin-chi,杨惠萱, Hui-hsuan,廖楷民, Kai-min,萧代基, Dai-gee(2009)。水灾社会脆弱性指标之建立。建筑与规划学报，10(3)，163-182。
连结：
周士雄, Shih-hsiung,施鸿志, Hung-chih(2000)。环境风险管理决策中之公众认知探讨—以地震灾害减缓措施为例。都市与计划，27(3)，363-380。
连结：
林宗弘, Thung-hong(2012)。非关上网？台湾的数位落差与网路使用的社会後果。台湾社会学，24，55-97。
连结：
林宗弘, Thung-hong,萧新煌, Hsin-huang M.,许耿铭, Keng-ming(2019)。迈向世界风险社会？台湾民众的社会资本、风险感知与风险因应行为。调查研究—方法与应用，40，127-166。
连结：
洪鸿智, Hung-chih,陈令韡, Ling-yeh(2012)。台洪灾害之整合性脆弱度评估—大甲溪流域之应用。地理学报，65，79-96。
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