吸菸與新型冠狀病毒肺炎

郭斐然

doi:10.53106/168232812022033201001

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来源数据

P1 - 7

医药卫生 > 社会医学

DOI： 10.7023/TJFM

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台湾家庭医学杂志； 32 卷 1 期 (2022 / 03 / 01) ， P1 - 7

繁体中文 DOI： 10.53106/168232812022033201001

吸菸；新型冠状病毒肺炎；重症；死亡率；戒菸； COVID-19 ； mortality ； severe outcomes ； smoking ； smoking cessation

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摘要 │ 参考文献 (28) │ 被引用文献 (1) │ 国际计量

摘要〈TOP〉

并列摘要〈TOP〉

COVID-19 is one of the most prevalent infectious diseases in this century. While many studies have proved that smoking suppresses pulmonary immunity and increases the risk of lung infections, there are fewer reports on the association between smoking and the severity of COVID-19 infection. Studies of both Chinese researchers and a Harvard University research team revealed that the risk of developing severe outcomes doubled in smoking COVID-19 patients. The first meta-analysis showed that there was no statistically significant effect of smoking on developing severe COVID-19 outcomes, and the report of several researchers that the smoking rate of COVID-19 patients was lower than that of the general population even led to the emergency of the ＂nicotine protection＂ theory. However, subsequent studies found the data collection and analysis methods of the first meta-analysis invalid. The corrected analysis indicated a statistically significant correlation between smoking and the severity of COVID-19 outcomes. Population studies using meta-regression and spatiotemporal models also identified a higher COVID-19 prevalence in areas with higher smoking rates. According to the COVID-19 registry developed by the US-based Cleveland Clinic, greater smoking exposure was associated with higher rates of COVID-19 hospitalization, ICU admission, and mortality. The results unveiled a dose-response relationship indicating the causal effect of smoking and COVID-19 outcomes. The UK Biobank recruited around 420,000 participants, and a combination of epidemiology and genetic studies concluded the causal effect of smoking on the risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes. As reported by studies on transmission mechanisms, smoking increased the expression of ACE2 (angiotensin converting enzyme-2) receptors, thereby increasing the risk of infection. Hand and mouth contact during smoking was also a risk to increase viral transmission. In a large-scale meta-analysis that studied tens of thousands of patients, in addition to hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, COPD, and chronic renal diseases, smoking was one of the in-hospital mortality risks. This review article concludes that smoking increases the risks of infection, severe outcomes, and mortality of COVID-19. Smokers are urged to stop smoking as soon as possible.

参考文献 ( 28 ) 〈TOP〉

(2021).WHO report on the global tobacco epidemic 2021: addressing new and emerging products.Geneva:World Health Organization.
Smoking and COVID-19. Scientific Brief. World Health Organization; 30 June 2020. https://www.who.int/news-room/commentaries/detail/smoking-and-covid-19. Accessed September 20, 2021.
Alqahtani, JS,Aldhahir, AM,Oyelade, T,Alghamdi, SM,Almamary, AS(2021).Smoking cessation during COVID-19: the top to-do list.NPJ Prim Care Respir Med,31,22.
Baskaran, V,Murray, RL,Hunter, A,Lim, WS,McKeever, TM(2019).Effect of tobacco smoking on the risk of developing community acquired pneumonia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PLoS ONE,14,e0220204.
Cai, G,Bossé, Y,Xiao, F,Kheradmand, F,Amos, CI(2020).Tobacco smoking increases the lung gene expression of ACE2, the receptor of SARS-CoV-2.Am J Respir Crit Care Med,201,1557-1559.

被引用文献 ( 1 ) 〈TOP〉

(2024)。COVID-19病人在隔离期间戒菸成功之护理经验。新台北护理期刊，26(2)，164-173。

国际计量

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