＂No other doctrine needs＂: Knowledge in Paradise Lost and Paradise Regained

Chia-yin Huang

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P251 - 280

人文学 > 人文学综合
人文学 > 图书资讯学
人文学 > 历史学

DOI： 10.30092/JHCLANCHU

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＂No other doctrine needs＂: Knowledge in Paradise Lost and Paradise Regained

「本自俱足」－《失乐园》与《复乐园》中的知识

黄嘉音(Chia-yin Huang)

兴大人文学报； 59 期 (2017 / 09 / 01) ， P251 - 280

英文

knowledge ； wisdom ； scientia ； sapientia ； Paradise Lost ； Paradise Regained ；知识；智慧；《失乐园》；《复乐园》

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摘要 │ 参考文献 (15) │ 国际计量

摘要〈TOP〉

The problem of knowledge was one of the major intellectual concerns at the Age of Scientific Revolution in early modern Europe. With the rise of new sciences, the expansion of learning, and the broadening of world view came the explosion of knowledge, this posed enormous challenges, not only to church authorities, but also to individual thinkers. The question of how the desire for knowledge may be reconciled with faith has been debated in the writings of the time. Citing other critics, Lee A. Jacobus points out that the struggle between reason and faith is one of the major conceptual dualisms of the century (16). Howard Schultz, examining the metaphor of Lady Curiosity in the 17th-century English intellectual history, remarks that ＂intellectual sin came in for a scolding somewhere in every influential kind of writing＂ (1). For John Milton-a writer who devoted himself to learning and the path toward true faith throughout his life, the issue of how knowledge may be subsumed into the system of Christian faith, rather than becoming a subverting force, constitutes the core of his thinking. This concern is found most manifest in his major epics about the fall of man and the redemption through the Son-Paradise Lost and Paradise Regained, in which knowledge stands in the center of the loss and the regaining of paradise. The Forbidden Tree (often referred to as ＂the Tree of the Knowledge of Good and Evil＂) poses a major challenges to the characters and the readers about the knowledge of God, of the self, and, in sum, about true knowledge. The exchange between Raphael and Adam essentially revolves around the questions of knowing-of what God wants man to know, of what man should or should not know, of the manners in which man understands what is known, and most importantly of how knowledge should be bridled with faith so as to attain true wisdom. On the other hand, in Paradise Regained, the Son's sustained resistance to Satan's temptation is in many respects grounded on his knowledge of himself and of God. Even the last and ultimate temptation that Satan placed in front of the Son-one he easily defied-is the temptation of all knowledge: the possibility of comprehending all things in the world. It is, therefore, the aim of this paper to explore the problem of knowledge as presented in John Milton's Paradise Lost and Paradise Regained by examining the rhetoric of the characters on knowledge with cross-reference to Milton’s ideas of knowledge in his prose works such as Areopagitica, Of Education, The Reason of Church Government, De Doctrina Christiana and other tacts. The paper argues that the tension between being satisfied with the knowledge revealed by divine grace and pursuing worldly knowledge is fully played out in Paradise Lost whereas Paradise Regained offers a moral solution to the human dilemma through wisdom and the Son.

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参考文献 ( 15 ) 〈TOP〉

Jordan, David K, trans. “Chapter 5. A Midnight Confidence.” The Tale of Huìnéng. The Platform Scripture of the Sixth Patriarch. Part One. Paragraph 4. Accessed 1 April 2017. http://pages.ucsd.edu/~dkjordan/chin/LiowTzuu/HueyNeng05.html
Augustine of Hippo. On the Trinity. Trans. Arthur West Haddan. Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, First Series, Vol. 3. Ed. Philip Schaff. New York: Christian Literature Company, 1887-94. Print.
Samuel, Irene. “Milton on Learning and Wisdom.” PMLA 64.4 (Sep. 1949): 708-23. Print.
Benet, Diana(Ed.),Lieb, Michael(Ed.)(1994).Literary Milton: Text, Pretext, Context.Pittsburgh:Duquesne University Press.
Denham, Robert(ed.)(2016).Northrop Frye's Lectures: Student Notes from His Courses, 1947-1955.Newcastle upon Tyne, UK:Cambridge Scholars Publishing.

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