文化產業與部落發展：以卑南族普悠瑪（南王）與卡地布（知本）為例

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doi:10.6152/jaa.2014.06.0004

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人文学 > 历史学

DOI： 10.6152/jaa

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文化产业与部落发展：以卑南族普悠玛（南王）与卡地布（知本）为例

Cultural Industry and "Ethnic-Tribal Cultures": Two Case Studies of the Pinuyumayan (Puyuma) People, Eastern Taiwan

陈文德(Wen-Te Chen)

考古人类学刊； 80 期 (2014 / 06 / 01) ， P103 - 140

繁体中文 DOI： 10.6152/jaa.2014.06.0004

卑南族；文化产业；社区营造；文化形式；族群性； Pinuyumayan (Puyuma) ； cultural industry ； community-making ； cultural form ； ethnicity

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摘要 │ 参考文献 (63) │ 被引用文献 (10)

摘要〈TOP〉

并列摘要〈TOP〉

Since the 1990s, Taiwan has experienced a new form of nation-building under the Integrated Community-Making Program launched in 1994 by the Council for Cultural Affairs, Executive Yuan. Celebrating the value, variety, and strength of local cultures and their products, the Program attempted to construct and redefine the distinctive features of Taiwanese society that were obscured by the framework of Chinese culture imposed by the KMT regime from the late 1940s. In addition to its socio-political implications, however, the Program also had its economic purpose. Since the early 1970s, due to the development of industrialization in Taiwan, many young people gradually migrated to urban areas, leaving their elders and children behind. As a result, rural areas in Taiwan were at risk of ＂social disorganization.＂ In order to solve the economic and social problems, the Program encouraged each community to rebuild a new sense of community and construct its local distinctiveness through local products, like crops, crafts and scenic attractions, to bring in tourists. In other words, the products of each community should be specifically localized in order to distinguish themselves from coarse mass products. At the same time, the significance of cultivating communal consciousness was emphasized. Nevertheless, the situation was different for the indigenous peoples on the island. In contrast to their Han-Chinese counterparts ＂culture,＂ or ＂ethnic culture,＂ became the main concern for the development of the indigenous peoples. Although living side by side with the Han-Chinese people in the same communities, particularly in the plains areas, indigenous peoples were usually in a disadvantaged position with respect to access to social resources Therefore, in order to counteract the unfavorable conditions, indigenous peoples often set up different kinds of associations and substituted ＂(ethnic) tribe＂ for ＂community＂ to differentiate themselves from the Han-Chinese. This in turn would enhance ethnic boundaries and ethnic cultures in specific senses. Drawing on studies among the Puyuma and Katratripulr of the Pinuyumayan people (officially referred to as ＂the Puyuma＂) in Eastern Taiwan, this paper discusses the development of cultural industry in these settlements since the late 1990s. In the course of more than one decade, some differences have developed between them. For example, the Katratripulr have succeeded in getting government funding for local projects and developed their own kinds of cultural industry, while the Puyuma are still trapped in disputes over how to develop their culture. Even so, with more problems emerging, the Katratripulr are beginning to consider how to develop cultural industry without making their traditional social institutions less effective and even damaging their internal unity. Having compared the similarities and differences between these two settlements, I argue that consideration of the development of cultural industry and the formation of ethnic culture in particular should take seriously their respective socio-cultural and local contexts. Furthermore, taken together, I suggest that these two case studies exemplify the complicated way in which the constitutions of ＂tribe＂ and ＂culture＂ have been implicated in the development of the capitalist economy in terms of the tourist industry in eastern Taiwan.

参考文献 ( 63 ) 〈TOP〉

Lin, Kai-shi(2007).Using Intellectual Rights to Protect Indigenous Cultures: Critique on the Recent Development in Taiwan.Journal of Archaeology and Anthropology,67,185-220.
连结：
王俐容(2005)。文化政策中的经济论述：从菁英文化到文化经济。文化研究，1，169-195。
连结：
廖淑容、周志龙、古宜灵(2000)。文化产业生根与地方发展。都市与计画，27(3)，117-139。
连结：
郑玮宁(2010)。文化形式的商品化、「心」的工作和经济治理：以鲁凯人的香椿产销为例。台湾社会学，19，107-146。
连结：
罗素玫(2010)。文化认同、生态冲突与族群关系：由阿美族都兰部落的传统领域论述谈起。考古人类学刊，72，1-34。
连结：

被引用文献 ( 10 ) 〈TOP〉

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