定期量測體重對志願役士兵運動習慣之影響

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定期量测体重对志愿役士兵运动习惯之影响

The Effect of Regular Measurement of Weight on the Exercise Habit of Volunteer Soldiers

张元宝 , 硕士　　导师：吴传春　　

繁体中文

自我监测体重；运动动机；体重管理； self-monitoring weight ； movement motive ； weight management

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摘要 │ 参考文献 (66) │ 国际计量

摘要〈TOP〉

藉由国军「一个口令，一个动作」的传统，强制律定每日下午4点至6点从事户外运动，可有效且明显增加志愿役士兵的身体活动量及能量消耗，但对於志愿役士兵从事运动动机方面并没有影响。然而，志愿役士兵普遍重视外表，担心体重过重，毕竟身为国军，体态固然重要，体力更是展现量重要的一环。本研究即在这个基础之上，透过体重控制，探究其对身体形象的改变历程和影响程度。自我体重控制是志愿役士兵进行规律运动的主要动机之一。
体重量测为一种方便且简单的健康维持方式，除体重自我管理的成效外，也可能加强了志愿役士兵运动的动机。因此本次研究针对在宪兵某地区指挥部某驻地服役之志愿役士兵，强制律定每周定期量测体重，并藉由营区内值星官指派士兵运用自由活动时间，从事额外走跑运动，并由值星官及所属承办人纪录志愿役人员运动历程。实验时程共计12周，第1周随机挑选志愿役士兵进行实验。第2至3周是基准期，参与者在第3周测量BMI值、运动成因轨迹、体脂防率、参与运动动机等等（前测）。随後，参与者随机区分实验组(N=45)、对照组(N=45)。第4至11周是介入期，由营区医务人员管制实验组志愿役人员每周至少测量一次体重。第12周办理後测。最後，两组（实验组及对照组）有效样本数为实验组40及对照组43。各数据以曼惠特尼U检定、描述性统计、威尔卡森符号等级检定与斯皮尔曼等级相关系数对男女性实验对象分析，并得到以下结果：
一、实验组及对照组的男、女性四组志愿役士兵的运动成因轨迹及BMI无变化。
二、实验组内女性士兵，体脂防率有上升的趋势，另对照组男性及女性均无关现象。
三、医务人员的介入（每周量测体重）导致实验组男性运动时间(p=0.008)及能量消耗(p=0.008)增加，对照组之男性则无变化；另实验组及对照组之女性运动量都有增加的趋势，但是两组进步的幅度没有明显差异。
四、参与运动的动机方面，医务人员的介入使实验组的男性因为体重的管理(p=0.014)、自身外观(p=0.004)、疾病避免(p=0.023)及健康压力(0.007)等等因素从事户外运动，对照组的男性则无此差异；但是女性方面两组都没有差异。
根据本次研究结果，获得以下结论：医务人员的介入可明显增加男性志愿役士兵利用公余时间运动与运动动机的程度，但是对於所有志愿役士兵运动的内在动机仍然没有影响。然而，仅仅针对士兵要求体重量测，可能导致女性志愿役士兵运用错误的方式减重（如饮食控制异常等），因此必须提供正确且健康的营养学相关知识，藉以建立女性志愿役士兵健全的体重控制观念。

并列摘要〈TOP〉

By the national army "a password, an action" tradition, compulsory law from 4 pm to 6 pm every day in outdoor sports, can effectively and significantly increase the volunteer officers and men of physical activity and improve the basal metabolic rate, but for Volunteer officers and men have no effect on sports motives. However, volunteer officers and soldiers generally pay attention to appearance, worried about overweight, after all, as a national army, the body is important, physical strength is an important part of the show. This study on this basis, through weight control, to explore its changes in the body image of the process and the extent of the impact. Self-weight control is one of the main motivations for volunteer officers to carry out regular movements.
Weight measurement is a convenient and simple way to maintain health, in addition to the weight of self-management results, but also may strengthen the volunteer officers and men of the motive. Therefore, this study for the gendarmerie 204 commanding Tiewei camp service volunteer officers and soldiers, forced law regularly measure weekly weight, and by the camp of the value of the stars assigned to the use of free time colleagues, engaged in additional run Movement, and by the value of stars and their own contractors record volunteer movement course. The duration of the experiment was 12 weeks, and volunteers were randomly selected for the first week. The second to third week is the base period, participants in the third week to measure the BMI value, the trajectory of movement, body fat defense, participation in motor motives, etc. Subsequently, the participants were randomized to the experimental group and the control group. The third to eleven weeks are the intervention period, and the volunteer staff of the experimental group is controlled by at least one weight per week. Week 12 for post-test. Finally, the effective samples in the two groups were experimental group 40 and control group. The data were analyzed by Manhui II U test, descriptive statistics, Wilkerson symbolic grade test and Spearman rank correlation coefficient, and the following results were obtained:
 1. There were no changes in the trajectory and BMI of the four groups of male and female volunteers in the experimental group and the control group.
 2. In the experimental group, female colleagues and body fat were increased, and the male and female were not related to the control group.
 3. The interventional mechanism resulted in an increase in male exercise time and energy consumption in the experimental group, and no change in men in the control group. There was no significant difference in the amount of female exercise between the experimental group and the control group, but there was no significant difference between the two groups
 4. In the motive aspect of the exercise, the intervention mechanism makes the male in the experimental group have no difference because of the management of the weight, the appearance of the disease, the avoidance of disease and the pressure of health, and so on. However, there is no difference between the two groups for female.
According to the results of this study, the following conclusions can be drawn: The involvement of the Director of the Medical Officer can significantly increase the extent to which male volunteers are using the time of exercise and movement, but the intrinsic motivation for all volunteer officers and men is still unaffected. However, only the weight of the officers and men who demand for weight testing may lead to the use of the wrong way of weight loss, and therefore must provide the correct and healthy nutrition-related knowledge, in order to establish female volunteer officers and soldiers sound weight control concept.

参考文献 ( 66 ) 〈TOP〉

1.朱玉娓(2008)。体重控制对女性志愿役士兵身体形象的意义。弘光学报，53，109-122。
连结：
2.行政院卫生署国民健康局、管制药品管理局与国家卫生研究院(2009)。民国98年国民健康访问暨药物滥用调查。
连结：
4.李建明、黄素妃、陈政友、罗应嘉、林昭光、游丽惠、潘佩君(2007)。健走运动对改善更年期妇女骨密度与健康体适能之研究。北市医学杂志；4(3)，235-244。
连结：
11.黄奕清、高毓秀、陈秋蓉、徐儆晖(2003)。运动计画介入职场员工运动阶段与身体活动之成效。劳工安全卫生研究季刊。11(1)，1-10。
连结：
13.郑元顺(2005)。不同的运动介入对国中肥胖学生体适能之研究。国立台湾师范大学体育学系硕士论文，未出版，台北市。
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