皇民奉公會的研究－以林獻堂的參與為例

許雪姬

doi:10.6353/BIMHAS.199906.0167

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P167 - 211

人文学 > 历史学

DOI： 10.6353/BIMHAS

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皇民奉公会的研究－以林献堂的参与为例

The Kominhokokai in Taiwan during the Second World War: A Case Study of Lin Hsien-t'ang's Involvement

许雪姬(Hsueh-Chi Hsu)

近代史研究所集刊； 31 期 (1999 / 06 / 01) ， P167 - 211

繁体中文 DOI： 10.6353/BIMHAS.199906.0167

皇民奉公会；林献堂； Kominhokokai ； Lin Hsien-t'ang

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摘要 │ 参考文献 (86) │ 被引用文献 (16) │ 国际计量

摘要〈TOP〉

并列摘要〈TOP〉

From its founding on April 19, 1941 to its dissolution on June 17, 1945, the Kominhokokai (皇民奉公会: literally ”Public Service Association of Imperial Subjects”) had a significant impact on members of Taiwan's upper classes. The objectives and activities of this organization differed from the better-known Kominka (皇民化, ”Japanization”) movement, which had begun four to five years earlier. The Kominka was aimed at the island's Taiwanese citizens, while the Kominhokokai encompassed both Taiwanese and Japanese living in Taiwan. In terms of its institutional operations, the Kominka was managed by a wide range of administrative bodies, while the Kominhokokai was an integral administrative entity with its own personnel. In terms of its objectives, the Kominka focused on cultural policies while the Kominhokokai attemped to achieve a wide range of goals through social mobilization.
This paper intends to employ relevant sources about the Kominhokokai to describe the factors underlying its establishment and organization, as well as its policies and their implementation. Moreover, by taking the case of the Taiwan nationalist leader Lin Hsien-t'ang as an example, this paper demonstrates that members of Taiwan's elite were often obligated to join the Kominhokokai, regardless of whether or not they were imperially-appointed gentry. While Lin Hsien-t'ang unwillingly enlisted in the Kominhokokai under these circumstances, he managed to insist on upholding some key principles to distinguish himself from his overlords, including not changing his name or wearing Japanese clothes, as well as persisting in the use of the Chinese language. As a result, despite the fact that Lin was forced to cooperate with the Japanese colonial authorities, he and his family continued to be persecuted.
After the Nationalist government moved to Taiwan in 1945, it launched a campaign of reporting traitors and war criminals which included efforts to strip former members of the Kominhokokai of their civil rights. These actions had two purposes: to win the hearts and minds of the Taiwanese people, and to illustrate national justice. However, as Ch'iu Nien-t'ai pointed out, the end result of these actions would result in talented Taiwanese being unable to serve in government agencies, which would then be staffed solely by mainlanders. Just as Ch'en Yi was in the midst of explaining his actions to the Ministry of the Interior, the 2.28 Incident occurred. On a number of occasions Ch'en Yi claimed that former Konihokokai members had instigated the violence and expressed a desire to remove the legislative positions they held, but to no avail.

参考文献 ( 86 ) 〈TOP〉

罗久蓉(1993)。抗战胜利後教育甄审的理论与实际。中央研究院近代史研究所集刊，22，205-231。
连结：
(1945)。处理汉奸案件条例。
灌园先生日记。
台湾大年表。
台湾日日新报

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