大學生知覺父母權威性與其生氣歷程、憂鬱傾向之相關研究

The Relationships among Perceived Parental Authority, Anger Process and Depression of College Students

10.6251/BEP.20001112

程秀蘭(Hsiu-Lan Cheng)；林世華(Sieh-Hwa Lin)；吳麗娟(Li-Chuan Wu)

大學生 ； 父母權威性 ； 生氣歷程 ； 教養方式 ； 憂鬱傾向 ； college students ； parental authority ； anger process ； child-rearing style ； depression

教育心理學報

32卷2期（2001 / 04 / 01）

19 - 44

繁體中文

本研究包含兩個子研究，「研究一」旨在探討大學生知覺的父母權威性與大學生生氣歷程、憂鬱傾向的關係；「研究二」旨在考驗大學生知覺的父母權威性與大學生生氣歷程、憂鬱傾向之徑路模式。本研究以大台北地區九所公私立大學及獨立學院之大一到大三學生為研究對象，共計765名，並隨機分為兩個子樣本供「研究一」及「研究二」之用，分別為360人、405人。本研究採問卷調查法進行資料收集，研究工具包括「父母權威性量表」、「李氏生氣歷程量表」、「貝克氏憂鬱量表」。「研究一」將第一個子樣本調查所得的資料，以典型相關分析、同時多元迴歸分析、階層式多元迴歸分析等統計方法處理，探討各研究變項之相關情形。本研究再以「研究一」所得結果為基礎，並參考相關文獻，提出「大學生知覺父母權威性與其生氣歷程、憂鬱傾向之徑路模式」，進而以第二個子樣本進行「研究二」的徑路模式考驗。本研究發現：1．大學生知覺母親愈專制權威、父親愈專制權威，而且母親愈不縱容溺愛和愈不開明權威及父親愈不開明權威時，則大學生的生氣前置情境頻率和生氣激起狀態愈高。2．當其它變項在控制的情況下，大學生知覺母親愈專制權威或母親愈縱容溺愛，則大學生的憂鬱傾向愈高；而其它變項在控制的情況下時，大學生知覺父親愈縱容溺愛，則大學生的憂鬱傾向愈低3．大學生生氣歷程可以有效預測大學生憂鬱傾向。4．本研究提出的「大學生知覺父母權威性與其生氣歷程、憂鬱傾向之徑路模式」可被接受用來說明本研究各變項的互動關係。

The study consisted of two sub-studies. Study one investigated the relationships among perceived parental authority, anger process and depression of college students. Study two tested the hypothesized path model of perceived parental authority, anger process and depression. The sample consisted of 765 students from nine universities and colleges in Taipei area, and was randomly assigned to study one and study two. The research instruments used in this study were ”Parental Authority Questionnaire”, ”Li Anger Process Questionnaire” and ”Beck Depression Inventory”. Data obtained in study one were analyzed by canonical correlation analysis, simultaneous multiple regression analysis, and hierarchical multiple regression analysis. Data obtained in study two were analyzed by path analysis. The main findings are as follows: (1) Individuals who perceived more maternal authoritarian, more paternal authoritarian, less maternal permissive, less maternal authoritative and less paternal authoritative experienced more anger antecedents and anger arousal. (2) While other variables were in control, individuals who perceived their mothers as more authoritarian or more permissive were likely to experience more depression. Whereas individuals who perceived their fathers as more permissive were less likely to experience depression. (3) Anger process significantly predicted depression. (4) According to the result of path analysis, the empirical data supported the hypothesized path model. The model could account for 17% of the total variance in depression.

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