重要他人回饋影響創意生活經驗？：以模式競爭方式檢驗創意自我效能與創意動機的中介效果

Do significant Others' Feedback Iinfluence one's Creative Bhavior?-Using Structural Equation Modeling to Examine Creativity Self-Efficacy and Creativity Motivation Mediation Effect

10.6251/BEP.20080508

洪素蘋(Su-Pin Hung)；黃宏宇(Hung-Yu Huang)；林珊如(Sunny. S. J. Lin)

重要他人回饋 ； 創意生活經驗 ； 創意自我效能 ； 創意動機 ； creative motivation ； creative self-efficacy ； feedback from significant others

教育心理學報

40卷2期（2008 / 12 / 01）

303 - 321

繁體中文

本研究嘗試以社會認知理論爲基礎，建構創意生活經驗的產生歷程模式，其中包含五個變項：重要他人回饋、個體內在心理歷程（含創意內、外在動機及創意自我效能）與創意生活經驗，研究的樣本取自台灣北部六所大學學生，有效樣本636份。除呈現描述性統計、差異性檢定並結合IRT分析方式與結構方程模式的優勢進行模式檢驗。結果發現：1.模式比較結果發現創意自我效能在動機變項之前的模式較佳。2.重要他人正面回饋對於創意自我效能與創意外在動機均具有正面的影響效果，但是對於創意內在動機則不具影響性。3.個體知覺重要他人正面回饋透過創意自我效能、創意內、外在動機等中介變項對於創意生活經驗具有正面影響效果，其中以個體的創意自我效能對創意生活經驗的預測力較強。最後提出若干建議供未來研究與教學實務參考。

This study aimed to construct a model of significant others' feedback, inner process, and creative behavior based on social cognitive theory, and explored the role of creative self-efficacy in one's inner process. Participants were 636 undergraduates from six universities in Northern Taiwan. The results were analyzed using three methods. First, we compared Model 1 (- creative self-efficacy influencing intrinsic motivation and, extrinsic motivation) and Model 2 (- creative self-efficacy, intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation were parallel). The result indicated that Model 1 is a better fit with data than Model 2, which supported social cognitive theory. Second, the result showed that positive feedback was directly predictive of creative self-efficacy and extrinsic motivation, as suggested by hypothesis suggested , but not predictive of intrinsic motivation. Third, people perceived positive feedback and negative feedback from their significant others, though could not directly predict creative behavior; they displayed indirect effect on creative behavior through mediated variables. Therefore, it seems reasonable to conclude that when individuals receive feedback, one often evaluates the task and feedback. Then the evaluation outcomes that we called creative self-efficacy will affect one's motivation which in turn affects creative behavior. Based on these results, recommendations for future research are discussed.

1. Adams, R. J.,Wu, M. L. (Eds.)(2002).PISA 2000 technical report.Paris:OECD.
2. Amabile, T. M.(1996).Creativity in context.Boulder, CO:Westview Press.
3. Amabile, T. M.(1983).The social psychology of creativity: A componential conceptualization.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,45,357-377.
4. Amabile, T. M.(1997).Entrepreneurial creativity through motivational synergy.Journal of Creative Behavior,31(1),18-26.
5. Amabile, T. M.,Hill, K. G.,Hennessey, B. A.,Tighe, E.M.(1994).The work preference inventory: Assessing intrinsic and extrinsic motivational orientations.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,6(5),950-967.
6. Ambrose, M. L.,Kulik, C. T.(1999).Old friends, new faces: Motivation research in the 1990s.Journal of Management,25(3),251-292.
7. Andersen, S. M.,Chen, S.(2002).The relational self: An interpersonal social-cognitive theory.Psychological Review,109(4),619-645.
8. Andrich, D.(1978).A rating formulation for ordered response categories.Psychometrika,43,561-573.
9. Bandura, A.(1977).Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavioral change.Psychological Review,84(2),191-215.
10. Bandura, A.(1997).Self-Efficacy: The exercise of control.New York:Freeman.
11. Bandura, A.(1986).Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory.Englewood Cliffs, NJ:Prentice-Hall.
12. Bandura, A.,Wood, R.(1989).Effect of perceived controllability and performance standards on self-regulation of complex decision making.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,56(5),805-814.
13. Chen, G.,Gully, S. M.,Eden, D.(2001).Validation of a new general self-efficacy scale.Organizational Research Methods,4,62-83.
14. Corey, G.(2000).Theory & practice of group counseling.Belmont, CA:Wadsworth /Thomson Learning.
15. Csikszentmihalyi, M.,R.J. Sternberg (Ed.)(1999).The handbook of creativity.Cambridge, England:Cambridge University Press.
16. Deci, E. L.,Driver, R. E.,Hotchkiss, L.,Robbins, R. J.,Wilson, I. M.(1993).The relation of mothers` controlling vocalizations to children's intrinsic motivation.Journal of Experimental Child Psychology,55,151-162.
17. Deci, E. L.,Ryan, R. M.(1985).The general causality orientations scale: Self-determination in personality.Journal of Research in Personality,19,109-134.
18. Deci, E. L.,Ryan, R. M.,Williams, G. C.(1996).Need satisfaction and the self-regulation of learning.Learning and Individual Difference,8(3),165-183.
19. Foder, E. M.,Carver, R. A.(2000).Achievement and power motives, performance feedback, and creativity.Journal of Research in Personality,34,380-396.
20. Ford, C. M.(1996).A theory of individual creative action in multiple social domains.The Academy of Management Review,21(4),1112-1142.
21. Gardner, H.(1993).Creating minds: An anatomy of creativity seen through the lives of Freud, Einstein, Picasso, Stravinsky, Eliot, Graham, and Ghandi.New York:Basic books.
22. Gist, M. E.,Mitchell, T. R.(1992).Self-efficacy: A theoretical analysis of its determinants and malleability.Academy of Management Review,17,183-211.
23. Goertzel, M. G.,Goertzel, V.,Goertzel, T. G.(1978).Three hundred eminent personalities.San Francisco:Jossey-Bass.
24. Kelloway, E. K.(1998).Using Lisrel for structural equation modeling: A researcher`s guide.Thousand Oaks:Sage.
25. Ochse, R.(1990).Before the gates of excellence: The determination of creative genius.Cambridge, England:Cambridge University Press.
26. Pintrich, P. R.,Schrauben, B.,D. H. Schunk,J. L. Meece (Eds.)(1992).Student perceptions in the classroom.Hillsdale, NJ:Lawrence Erlbaum.
27. Podsakoff, P.M.,Mackenzie, S. B.,Lee, J-Y.,Podsakoff, N. P.(2003).Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies.Journal of Applied Psychology,88(5),879-903.
28. Ryan, R. M.,Deci, E. L.(2000).Intrinsic and extrinsic motivations: classic definitions and new directions.Contemporary Educational Psychology,25,54-67.
29. Simonton, D. K.(1988).Scientific genius.Cambridge, England:Cambridge University Press.
30. Simonton, D. K.,M. A. Runco (Ed.)(1997).The creativity research handbook.Hampton, NJ:Cresskill.
31. Simonton, D. K.,T. B. Ward,S. M. Smith,J. Vaid (Eds.)(1997).Creative thought-An investigation of conceptual structures and processes.Washington, DC:APA Press.
32. Sternberg, R.J.,Lubart, T. I.(1995).Defying the crowd-Cultivating creativity in a culture of conformity.New York:Free press.
33. Sternberg, R.J.,Lubart, T. I.(1999).The handbook of creativity.Cambridge, England:Cambridge University Press.
34. Tierney, P.,Farmer, S. M.(2002).Creative self-efficacy: Its potential antecedents and relationship to creative performance.Academy of Management Journal,45(6),1137-1148.
35. Wu, M.,Adams, R. J.,Wilson, M. R.(1998).ACER ConQuest: Generalised item response modeling software.Melbourne, Australia:Victoria: Australian Council for Educational Research.
36. 王妙雯(2001)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。國立屏東師範學院教育心理與輔導研究所。
37. 吳靜吉、陳淑惠、李慧賢、郭俊賢、王文中、劉鶴龍(1996)。創意生活經驗量表之編制與修訂。
38. 創造力量表簡介
39. 巫明璋(1997)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。國立東華大學教育研究所。
40. 林妙貞(2006)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。國立臺北教育大學國民教育學研究所。
41. 林建妤(2004)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。國立交通大學教育研究所。
42. 林碧芳(2004)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。東海大學教育研究所。
43. 邱皓政(2000)。量化研究與統計分析－SPSS中文視窗版資料分析範例解析。臺北:五南。
44. 洪素蘋(2004)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。國立交通大學教育研究所。
45. 洪素蘋、林珊如、中國測驗學會主辦(2003)。學生創意思考內、外在動機－量表編制與因素效度之檢証。「2003年中國測驗學會年會暨教育與心理測驗學術研討會」宣讀之論文，台北:
46. 洪素蘋、林珊如、政治大學創新與創造力研究中心主辦(2004)。Whatever you say, I can do it-「學生創意自我效能量表」之編製。「2004年第二屆創新與創造力研討會」宣讀之論文，台北:
47. 洪素蘋、林珊如、輔仁大學應用心理學系主辦(2003)。重要他人回饋扼殺學生創造力之元兇。「中國心理學會第42屆年會」宣讀之論文，台北:
48. 陳龍安(1998)。台灣創造力發展調查報告。創造思考教育，8，43-50。
49. 葉玉珠、吳靜吉、鄭英耀(2000)。國科會整合型計畫結果國科會整合型計畫結果,未出版
50. 劉曉雯(1998)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。國立中央大學企業管理學研究所。
51. 蔡文玲(1992)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。輔仁大學應用心理學研究所。
52. 蔡宜貞(2005)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。國立交通大學教育研究所。
53. 賴英娟(2006)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。國立台灣科技大學技術及職業教育研究所。

1. 李瑜珍(2022)。探討運用世界咖啡館會談方式對國中生涯規劃議題融入綜合活動領域課程之影響。屏東科技大學技職教育研究所學位論文。2022。1-199。 
2. 謝宜靜(2016)。醫院之組織創新氣候對員工之知識管理系統接受度之干擾效果。長榮大學醫務管理學系(所)學位論文。2016。1-137。