優勢中心取向生涯諮商之諮商歷程與療效內涵探究

The Process of Strength-Based Career Counseling and the Content of Its Therapeutic Efficacy for Dual-Career Women

10.6251/BEP.20100310

王玉珍(Yu-Chen Wang)；田秀蘭(Hsiu-Lan Shelley Tien)；朱惠瓊(Hui-Chuang Chu)；葉寶玲(Pao-Ling Yeh)

生涯諮商 ； 諮商歷程 ； 諮商療效 ； 優勢中心取向 ； 雙生涯女性 ； career counseling ； counseling process ； dual career women ； strength-based method ； therapeutic efficacy

教育心理學報

42卷4期（2011 / 06 / 01）

631 - 653

繁體中文

研究目的爲探究優勢中心取向生涯諮商之諮商歷程與療效內涵。參與者爲14名已婚的職業婦女，年齡介於28到47歲之間（平均年齡爲36.64歲，標準差爲5.40）。參與者均接受6到8次短期優勢中心生涯諮商，並於諮商結束後一週進行訪談。研究工具爲研究者所擬定之訪談大綱，以半結構式訪談進行資料蒐集，所得資料以質性研究中的紮根方法進行分析，並以參與者諮商過程中所填寫之晤談感受作爲輔助分析的資料。研究結果歸納出影響諮商歷程的因素爲個人的內在準備、諮商介入、外在事件影響以及療效內涵等四部份。其中療效內涵又可歸納爲自我內在系統的認知、情感與行動層面、外在脈絡系統的人我關係與工作層面以及統轄系統的因應策略與自我效能等層面，據此結果提出一諮商歷程與療效內涵的改變機制模式。本研究根據上述研究結果進行討論，最後針對未來研究以及實務工作等提出相關具體建議。

The purpose of this study was to examine the counselling process and therapeutic efficacy of a strength-based career counseling model for dual-career women in Taiwan. Participants were 14 married dual-career women between 28 to 47 years of age (M=36.64, SD=5.40). Pariticipants were interviewed one week after termination of counseling, which ranged from 6 to 8 sessions. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analysed using grounded theory approach. Results indicated four counseling process themes: Personal readiness for counseling, counseling intervention, impact of external circumstances, and content of therapeutic efficacy. Moreover, the content of therapeutic efficacy could be inducted into three systems-internal system, including cognitive, emotional and behavioral dimensions; external and contextual system, including self/other relation and career dimensions, and a coordination system, including coping strategies and self-efficacy dimensions. According to the result, a model of change mechanism for the counseling process and the therapeutic efficacy content was proposed. Discussion and implications of results were provided and recommended.

1. 陳禹、黃詠香、DeArmod, S.(2005)。職場健康心理學：心理學家在21世紀的機會與挑戰。應用心理研究，27，43-57。
   連結：
2. Behson, S. J.(2002).Coping with family-to-work conflict: The role of informal work accommodations to family.Journal of Occupational Health Psychology,7(4),324-341.
3. Clark, S. C.(2001).Work cultures and work/family balance.Journal of Vocational Behavior,58,348-365.
4. Coogan, P. A.,Chen, C. P.(2007).Career development and counselling for women: Connecting theories to practice.Counselling Psychology Quarterly,20(2),191-204.
5. Crites, J. O.(1969).Career psychology.New York, NY:McGraw-Hill.
6. Dawis, R. V.,Lofquist, L. H.(1984).A psychological theory of work adjustment.Minneapolis, MN:University of Minnesota Press.
7. Farmer, H. S.(1997).Diversity and women's career development: From adolescence to adulthood.Thousand Oaks, CA:Sage.
8. Fitzpatrick, M. R.,Stalikas, A.(2008).Integrating positive emotions into theory, research, and practice: A new challenge for psychotherapy.Journal of Psychotherapy Integration,18(2),248-258.
9. Fitzpatrick, M. R.,Stalikas, A.(2008).Positive emotions as generators of therapeutic changes.Journal of Psychotherapy Integration,18(2),137-154.
10. Fredrickson, B. L.,Losada, M. F.(2005).Positive affect and the complex dynamics of human flourishing.American Psychologist,60(7),678-686.
11. Haddock, S. A.,Zimmerman, T. S.,Ziemba, S. J.,Current, L. R.(2001).Ten adaptive strategies for family and work balance: Advice from successful families.Journal of Marital and Family Therapy,27(4),445-458.
12. Hansen, L. S.(1997).Integrative life planning: Critical tasks for career development and changing life patterns.San Francisco, CA:Jossey-Bass.
13. Hansen, L. S.(2001).Integrating work, family, and community through holistic life planning.The Career Development Quarterly,49(3),261.
14. Jennifer, B.(2009).Mothers' timing of return to work by leave use and pre-birth job characteristics.Journal of Family Studies,15(2),153-166.
15. Kushner, K. E.,Harrison, M. J.(2002).Employed mothers: Stress and balance-focused coping.Canadian Journal of Nursing Research,34(1),47-65.
16. Leong, F. T.(ed.),Barak, A.(ed.)(2001).Contemporary models in vocational psychology.New Jersey, NJ:Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
17. Lincoln, Y. S.,Guba, E. G.(1985).Naturalistic inquiry.Newbury Park, CA:Sage.
18. Livingston, B. A.,Judue, T. A.(2008).Emotional responses to work-family conflict: An examination of gender role orientation among working men and women.Journal of Applied Psychology,93,207-216.
19. Lopez, S. J.(ed.),Snyder, C. R.(ed.)(2003).Positive psychological assessment: A handbook of models and measures.Washington, DC:American Psychological Association.
20. Maximovich, T. M.(1998).The dynamics of person-environment fit: Active and reactive responses within the theory of work adjustment.Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering,58(9-B),5716.
21. Morgan, B.,Foster, V.(1999).Career Counseling for reentry dual career women: A cognitive developmental approach.Journal of Career Development,26(2),125-136.
22. Namasivayam K.,Mount, D. J.(2004).The relationship of work-family conflicts and family-work conflict to job satisfaction.Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Research,28(2),242-250.
23. Netemeyer, R. G.,Boles, J. S.,McMurrian, R.(1996).Development and validation of work-family conflict and family-work conflict scales.Journal of Applied Psychology,81(4),400-410.
24. O''Connell, D. J.,McNeely, E.,Hall, D. T.(2008).Unpacking personal adaptability at work.Journal of Leadership and Qrganizational Studies,14(3),248-259.
25. Phillips, S. D.,Imhoff., A. R.(1997).Women and career development: A Decade of Research.Annual Review of Psychology,48,31-59.
26. Ryff, C. D.(1989).Happiness in everything, or is it? Explorations on the meaning of psychological well-being.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,57,1069-1081.
27. Schoon, I.,Hansson, L.,Salmela-Aro, K.(2005).Combining work and family life: Life satisfaction among married and divorced men and women in Estonia, Finland, and the UK.European Psychologist,10,309-319.
28. Schutt, D. A.(2007).A strength-based approach to career development using appreciative inquiry.Broken Arrow, OK:National Career Development Association.
29. Sinacore-Guinn, A. L.,Akçali, F. Ö.,Fledderus, S. W.(1999).Employed women: Family and workreciprocity and satisfaction.Journal of Career Development,25(3),187-201.
30. Smith, E. J.(2006).The strength-based counseling model.The Counseling Psychologist,34(1),13-79.
31. Strauss, A. L.,Corbin, J.(1998).Basics of qualitative research: Techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory.Thousand Oaks, CA:Sage.
32. Wong, Y. J.(2006).The future of positive therapy.Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice, Training,43(2),151-153.
33. Wong, Y. J.(2006).Strength-Centered Therapy: A social constructionist, virtues-based psychotherapy.Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice, Training,43(2),133-146.
34. Wright, T. A.,Cropanzano, R.(2000).Psychological well-being and job satisfaction as predictors of job performance.Journal of Occupational Health Psychology,5,84-94.
35. 田秀蘭(2007)。行政院國家科學委員會補助專題研究計畫成果報告行政院國家科學委員會補助專題研究計畫成果報告,行政院國家科學委員會。
36. 田秀蘭(1999)。女性對生涯阻礙知覺之質性分析。教育心理學報，31(1)，89-107。
37. 田秀蘭(2006)。行政院國家科學委員會補助專題研究計畫成果報告行政院國家科學委員會補助專題研究計畫成果報告,行政院國家科學委員會。
38. 田秀蘭(2000)。紮根理論在諮商心理學研究中的應用。輔導季刊，36(4)，35-40。
39. 紐文英(2007)。教育研究方法論文寫作。台北:雙葉。
40. 常慧娟(1993)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。文化大學勞工研究所。
41. 莊惠敏(2002)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。國立高雄師範大學成人教育研究所。
42. 劉淑瑛(2004)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。國立台北大學統計系研究所。

1. 施靜泓,朱惠瓊(2020)。以優勢中心取向為基礎之國中輕度智能障礙生園藝治療團體歷程研究。臺灣諮商心理學報，8(1)，31-59。
2. 王玉珍(2013)。優勢中心取向生涯諮商歷程與改變經驗之敘事研究。中華輔導與諮商學報，37，125-156。
3. 王玉珍(2015)。優勢中心生涯諮商對國中學生幸福感與生涯發展之影響研究。教育心理學報，46(3)，311-332。
4. (2023)。桌遊媒材融入優勢力團體方案對人際困擾青少年之輔導效果。台灣遊戲治療學報，11，21-44。