大學生親子三角關係配對類型及其親密關係滿意度：一個對偶資料的分析研究

Typology of Triangulation among College Student Couples and Their Satisfaction to Intimate Relationships: Dyadic Analysis of Matched Couples

10.6129/CJP.2010.5201.02

黃宗堅(Tsung-Chain Huang)

家庭界限 ； 階層線性模式 ； 對偶資料 ； 親子三角關係 ； 親密關係 ； dyadic relationship ； family boundary ； hierarchical linear modeling ； intimate relationship ； triangulation

中華心理學刊

52卷1期（2010 / 03 / 01）

25 - 46

繁體中文

本研究旨在探討大學生情侶所展現的親子三角關係配對類型，以及情侶兩人親子三角關係配對類型、衝突因應策略與親密關係滿意度之關聯。參與對象為台北縣市10所公私立大專院校之大學生情侶共234對。潛在類別分析的結果顯示大學生情侶之親子三角關係配對類型可區分為「男女雙自主」、「男自主女配合」、「男責任女折衷」以及「男依賴女控制」等四類型。不論男女大學生，「雙自主」型與「男自主女配合」型的關係滿意度均顯著高於「男依賴女控制」型。有趣的是，「男自主女配合」的類型中，雖然女大學生有某種程度介入親子三角關係，以及自我分化程度不甚良好的現象，但是與分化良好的男大學生成為情侶後，彼此的關係仍相當良好。此外，階層線性模型的結果顯示，親子三角關係配對類型乃是透過衝突因應策略間接影響關係滿意度。本研究最後從華人關係取向以及Bowen(1978)家庭系統思維觀點提出討論，並針對未來研究及實務工作運用方面提出總結與建議。

This study aimed to investigate typology of triangulation manifested by college couples, and the relationship between their conflict resolution strategy and intimacy satisfaction. 234 college couples were recruited from ten public and private universities in Taipei County and Taipei city. Results from Latent Class Analysis showed that the triangulation of college student couples can be divided into four categories, namely ”Male and Female Autonomy”, ”Male Autonomy, Female Cooperate”, ”Male Responsible, Female Compromise” and ”Male Dependent, Female Control.” Regardless of male or female college students, the satisfaction levels for ”Male and Female Autonomy” and ”Male Autonomy, Female Cooperate” were both higher than for ”Male Dependent, Female Control.” Interestingly, for the typology of ”Male Autonomy, Female Cooperate,” although the female students intervene in the triangulation to some extent and their self-differentiation appeared unfavorable, when coupled with male college students who were well-differentiated, the relationships were favorable. Moreover, Hierarchical Linear Modeling revealed there was an indirect pathway from typology of triangulation to intimate relationship through college students' conflict resolution strategies. Last, based on Chinese relationalism and Bowen's theory of family system, discussions and suggestions were offered for future studies and practical applications.

1. 王郁茗、王慶福(2007)。大學生知覺其人際依附風格對愛情關係適應之影響。教育心理學報，38，397-415。
   連結：
2. 利翠珊、陳富美(2004)。配偶親職角色的支持與分工對華人夫妻恩情的影響。本土心理學研究，21，49-83。
   連結：
3. 吳昭儀、吳麗娟(2005)。大學生的共依附與愛情態度的相關研究。教育心理學報，36，241-263。
   連結：
4. 林杏足(2007)。敘事諮商對性侵害議題的檢視與實務應用。輔導季刊，43(1)，26-34。
   連結：
5. 邱皓政(2007)。脈絡變數的多層次潛在變數模式分析：口試評分者效應的多層次結構方程模式應用。中華心理學刊，49，383-405。
   連結：
6. 張妤玥、陸洛(2007)。愛情關係中對方衝突管理方式與自身關係滿意度之關連。中華心理衛生學刊，20，155-178。
   連結：
7. 陳秀菁、吳麗娟、林世華(2004)。大學生的共依附特質、人際親密能力與親密感之相關研究。教育心理學報，36，145-164。
   連結：
8. 陳惠雯、林世華、吳麗娟(2001)。婚姻衝突、家庭界限與青少年子女適應之相關研究。教育心理學報，32(2)，143-165。
   連結：
9. 黃宗堅、周玉慧(2009)。大學生親子三角關係類型與親密關係適應之研究。中華心理學刊，51，197-213。
   連結：
10. 黃宗堅、葉光輝、謝雨生(2004)。夫妻關係中權力與情感的運作模式：以衝突因應策略爲例。本土心理學研究，21，3-48。
    連結：
11. 黃宗堅、謝雨生、周玉慧(2004)。家人關係的測量與分類：以青少年原生家庭成員互動爲例。中華心理學刊，46，307-328。
    連結：
12. 劉惠琴(1993).Conflict Resolution Processes in Close Relationships.婦女與兩性學刊,4,207-244.
    連結：
13. 簡里娟(2007)。論親密關係中的投射性認同。輔導季刊，43(2)，39-47。
    連結：
14. Bell, L. G.,Bell, D. C.,Nakata, Y.(2001).Triangulation and adolescent development in the U.S. and Japan.Family Process,40,173-187.
15. Bowen, M.(1978).Family therapy in clinical practice.Northvale, NJ:Jason Aronson.
16. Buehler, C.,Welsh, D. P.(2009).A process model of adolescents' triangulation into parents' marital conflict: The role of emotional reactivity.Journal of Family Psychology,23,167-180.
17. Campbell, L.,Kashy, D. A.(2002).Estimating actor, partner, and interaction effects for dyadic data using PROC MIXED and HLM: A user-friendly guide.Personal Relationships,9,327-342.
18. Campbell, L.,Simpson, J. A.,Boldry, J.,Kashy, D. A.(2005).Perceptions of conflict and support in romantic relationships: The role of attachment anxiety.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,88,510-531.
19. Chickering, W.(1990).Education and identity.San Francisco:Jossey-Bass.
20. Cramer, D.(2004).Satisfaction with a romantic relationship, depression, support and conflict.Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice,77,449-461.
21. Creasey, G.,Ladd, A.(2005).Generalized and specific attachment presentations: Unique and interactive roles in predicting conflict behaviors in close relationships.Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin,31,1026-1038.
22. Cui, M.,Donnellan, M. B.,Conger, R. D.(2007).Reciprocal influences between parents' marital problems and adolescent internalizing and externalizing behavior.Developmental Psychology,43,155-1552.
23. Donohue, E. D.(1994).The influence of family relationship on intimacy motive in young adult.New York:Cambridge University Press.
24. Drigotas, S. M.,Rusbult, C. E.(1992).Should I stay or should I go? A dependence model of breakups.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,62,62-87.
25. Fauber, R.,Forehand, R.,Thomas, A. M.,Wierson, M.(1990).A mediational model of the impact of marital conflict on adolescent adjustment in intact and divorced families: The role of disrupted parenting.Child Development,61,1112-1123.
26. Fletcher, G. J. O.,Simpson, J. A.,Thomas, G.,Giles, L.(1999).Ideals in intimate relationships.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,76,72-89.
27. Folkman, S.(1997).Positive psychological states and coping with severe stress.Social Science and Medicine,45,1207-1221.
28. Frei, J. R.,Shaver, P. R.(2002).Respect in close relationships: Prototype definition, self-report assessment, and initial correlates.Personal Relationships,9,121-139.
29. Goldenberg, I.,Goldenberg, H.(1996).Family therapy: An overview.New York:Brooks/Cole Publishing Company.
30. Gottman, J. M.(1994).What predicts divorce?: The relationship between marital processes and marital outcomes.Hillsdale, NJ:Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
31. Hazan, C.,Shaver, P. R.(1994).Attachment as an organizational framework for research on close relationships.Psychological Inquiry,5,1-22.
32. Herman, K. C.,Ostrander, R.,Walkup, J. T.,Silva, S. G.,March, J. S.(2007).Empirically-derived subtypes of adolescent depression: Latent profile analysis of co-occurring symptoms in the Treatment for Adolescents with Depression Study (TADS).Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology,75,716-728.
33. Hetherington, E. M.,A. Clarke-Stewart(Eds.),J. Dunn(Eds.)(2006).Families count: Effects on child and adolescent development.New York:Cambridge University Press.
34. Hojjat, M.(2000).Sex differences and perceptions of conflict in romantic relationships.Journal of Social and Personal Relationships,17,598-617.
35. Johnson, H. D.,LaVoie, J. C.,Eggenburg, E.,Mahoney, M. A.,Pounds, L.(2001).Changes in adolescents' conflict responses associated with consecutive presentation of hypothetical conflict situations.Journal of Adolescence,24,647-655.
36. Jordan, J. V.,Kaplan, A. G.,Miller, J. B.,Surrey, J. L.(1991).Women's growth in connection: Writing from stone center.New York:The Guildford Press.
37. Kenny, D. A.,La Voie, L.,L. Berkowitz (Ed.)(1984).Advances in experimental social psychology.New York:Academic Press.
38. Kerr, M. E.,Bowen, M.(1988).Family evaluation.New York:Norton & Company.
39. Kilmann, R. H.,Thomas, K. W.(1975).Interpersonal conflict-handling behavior as reflections of Jungian personality dimensions.Psychological Reports,37,971-980.
40. Lanza, S. T.,Flaherty, B. P.,Collins, L. M.,J. A. Schinka(Eds.),W. F. Velicer(Eds.)(2003).Handbook of Psychology: Vol. 2. research methods in psychology.Hoboken, NJ:Wiley.
41. Lazarus, R. S.,Folkman, S.(1984).Stress, appraisal, and coping.New York:Springer.
42. Lockwood, P.,Dolderman, D.,Sadler, P.,Gerchak, E.(2004).Feeling better about doing worse: Social comparisons within romantic relationships.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,87,80-95.
43. Markman, H. J.,Silvern, L.,Clements, M.,Kraft-Hanak, S.(1993).Men and women dealing with conflict in heterosexual relationships.Journal of Social Issues,49,107-125.
44. Martin, M. T.(1996).Mother-daughter relations in divorced families: Parentification and internalizing and relationship problems.Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences & Engineering,56,5176.
45. Minuchin, S.(1974).Families and family therapy.Harvard University Press.
46. Muthen, B.,Muthen, L.(2000).Integrating person-centered and variable-centered analysis: Growth mixture modeling with latent trajectory classes.Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research,24,882-891.
47. O''Leary, S. G.,Vidair, H. B.(2005).Marital adjustment, child-rearing disagreements, and overreactive parenting: Predicting child behavior problems.Journal of Family Psychology,19,208-216.
48. Owens, L.,Daly, A.,Slee, P.(2005).Sex and age differences in victimization and conflict resolution among adolescents in a south Australian school.Aggressive Behavior,31,1-12.
49. Peris, T. S.,Emery, R. E.,P. K. Kerig (Ed.)(2005).Implications of parent-child boundary dissolution for developmental psychopathology: Who is the parent and who is the child?.New York:Routledge.
50. Scharf, M.,Mayseless, O.(2001).The capacity for romantic intimacy: Exploring the contribution of best friend and marital and parental relationships.Journal of Adolescence,24,379-399.
51. Schoppe-Sullivan, S. J.,Schermerhorn, A. C.,Cummings, E. M.(2007).Marital conflict and children adjustment: Evaluation of the parenting process model.Journal of Marriage and Family,69,1118-1134.
52. Sigmon, S. T.,Stanton, A. L.,Snyder, C. R.(1995).Gender differences in coping: A further test of socialization and role constraint theories.Sex Roles,33,565-587.
53. Simpson, J. A.,Collins, W. A.,Tran, S. S.,Haydon, K. C.(2007).Attachment and the experience and expression of emotions in romantic relationships: A developmental perspective.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,92,355-367.
54. Steinberg, S. J.,Davila, J.,Fincham, F.(2006).Adolescent marital expectations and romantic experiences: Associations with perceptions about parental conflict and adolescent attachment security.Journal of Youth and Adolescence,35,314-329.
55. Stinnett, Nick.,Walters, J.,Stinnett, Nancy.(1991).Relationships in marriage and the family.New York:Macmillan.
56. Wang, L.,Crane, D. R.(2001).The relationship between marital satisfaction, marital stability, nuclear family triangulation, and childhood depression.The American Journal of Family Therapy,29,337-347.
57. Yang, K. S.,J. Berman (Ed.)(2002).Nebraska symposium on motivation, cross-cultural differences in perspectives on the self.Lincoln, NE:University of Nebraska Press.
58. Yeh, K. H.,Yang, Y. J.(2006).Construct validation of individuating and relating autonomy orientations in culturally Chinese adolescents.Asian Journal of Social Psychology,9,148-160.
59. Zimet, D. M.,Jacob, T.(2001).Influences of marital conflict on child adjustment: Review of theory and research.Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review,4,319-335.
60. 王慶福(2000)。當男孩愛上女孩：人際依附風格類型搭配、愛情關係與關係適應之研究。中華輔導學報，8，177-201。
61. 丘玲玲(1998)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。國立台灣師範大學教育心理學研究所。
62. 江彥陵(2007)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。國立政治大學教育研究所。
63. 卓紋君(1999)。父母衝突行為與成年子女親密關係和婚姻態度之相關研究。嘉義師院學報，13，25-55。
64. 林素妃(2003)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。國立彰化師範大學輔導研究所。
65. 胡延薇(2002)。淡江大學大一新生「大學生身心適應調查」研究結果報告淡江大學大一新生「大學生身心適應調查」研究結果報告,台北縣:淡江大學諮商輔導組。
66. 柴蘭芬(2006)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。國立政治大學教育研究所。
67. 張令恬(1999)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。國立台灣師範大學教育心理與輔導所。
68. 張思嘉(2001)。擇偶歷程與婚前關係的形成與發展。中華心理衛生期刊，14(4)，1-29。
69. 張虹雯、郭麗安(2000)。父母爭吵時的三角關係運作與兒童行爲問題之相關研究。中華輔導學報，8，77-110。
70. 張時雯(2003)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。國立政治大學教育學系所。
71. 莊瑞飛(2003)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。國立台灣師範大學教育心理與輔導研究所。
72. 許惠雯(2006)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。國立政治大學教育研究所。
73. 許舒雅(2008)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。中原大學心理學研究所。
74. 郭孟瑜(2003)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。國立政治大學心理學研究所。
75. 曾瑋琍(2008)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。淡江大學教育心理與諮商研究所。
76. 黃宗堅、呂旭亞、洪素珍(2006)。國科會九十四年度專題研究計劃，報告編號NSC-94-2413-H-032-009國科會九十四年度專題研究計劃，報告編號NSC-94-2413-H-032-009,台北縣:淡江大學教育心理與諮商研究所。
77. 黃芳銘、張簡元崇(2003)。結構方程模式整體適配指標在台灣教育研究應用之分析：1991到2002年期刊論文之回顧。嘉義大學學報，12，101-128。
78. 黃囇莉(1999)。人際和諧與衝突。台北市:桂冠圖書。
79. 楊茜如(2000)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。彰化師範大學教育研究所。
80. 葉光輝、劉長萱、章英華主編、傅仰止主編、瞿海源主編(1995)。社會調查與分析：社會科學研究方法檢討與前瞻之一。台北市:中央研究院民族學研究所。
81. 鄭淑君(2002)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。國立彰化師範大學輔導與諮商所。
82. 薛雪萍(2000)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。國立臺灣師範大學教育心理與輔導研究所。
83. 謝雨生、鄭宜仲(2000)。潛在結構模式在行爲科學中的應用。長庚護理，11(4)，36-45。

1. 蔡美香,孫頌賢,施香如(2019)。家庭關係中親密與自主的平衡。中華輔導與諮商學報，56，1-15。
2. 李岳庭(2018)。反思含攝文化下的Bowen理論及其運用在華人文化中。中華輔導與諮商學報，53，23-44。
3. 林幸台、王智弘(2018)。台灣輔導與諮商專業的繼承與開展：本土輔導與諮商專業發展的回顧與探索。中華輔導與諮商學報，53，1-22。
4. 彭偉旗(2018)。世代傳遞的愛情三角關係。諮商與輔導，395，27-30。