華人傳播研究：研究取向、辯論、共識與研究前提

Chinese Communication Research: Research Approaches, Debates, Consensus, and the Development of Theoretical Assumptions

10.30386/MCR.201010_(105).0001

黃懿慧(Yi-Hui Huang)

文獻回顧 ； 理論預設 ； 華人傳播 ； 華人傳播研究 ； 辯論 ； Chinese communication ； Chinese communication research ； debate ； literature review ； theoretical assumption

新聞學研究

105期（2010 / 10 / 01）

1 - 44

繁體中文

本文旨對華人傳播研究之研究取向、辯論、共識與前瞻，提出初探性論述。論文首先對過去二、三十年間，以華人傳播主題之研究論文進行質性回顧與探討，關注點聚焦於整理四個研究取向的主要論述與相關批判，爾後探討不同研究取向間的辯論與共識，最後提出華人傳播研究在世界觀、理論預設與研究方法上所須關照的問題。

This paper reviews articles regarding Chinese communication studies that have been published in the past two to three decades. The goals of the paper include: (1) exploring the similarities and differences among the main theoretical approaches concerning Chinese communication research; (2) investigating the debates and common ground between and among the examined theoretical perspectives; and (3) based upon the commonalities discovered among the different perspectives, developing theoretical assumptions that would have to be borne in mind when conducting research on Chinese communication.

1. 趙雅麗(2005)。認識的困境與結構：傳播學門之自我認同的病理學還原探索。新聞學研究，84，119-162。
   連結：
2. Bazerman, M. H.(2001).Judgment in managerial decision making.New York:Wiley.
3. Bond, M. H.(ed.)(1996).The handbook of Chinese psychology.New York:Oxford University Press.
4. Chang, H. C.(2001).Harmony as performance: The turbulence under Chinese interpersonal communication.Discourse Studies,3(2),155-179.
5. Chaudhary, A. G.,Starosta, W. J.(1992).Gandhi's Salt March: A case study of Satyagraha with rhetorical implications.World Communication,21(1),1-12.
6. Chen, G. M.(1998).Understanding the Chinese: A harmony theory of Chinese communication.the annual meeting of the National Communication Association,New York:
7. Chen, G. M.(2009).Beyond the dichotomy of communication studies.Asian Journal of Communication,19(4),398-411.
8. Chen, G. M.(2001).Toward transcultural harmony: A harmony theory of Chinese communication.Transcultural realities,Thousand Oaks, CA:
9. Chen, G. M.(ed.),Miike, Y.(ed.)(2007).Special issue: Asian Contributions to Communication Theory.China Media Research,3(4),1-109.
10. Chen, G. M.(ed.),Miike, Y.(ed.)(2003).Special issue: Asian approaches to human communication.Intercultural Communication Studies,12(4),1-220.
11. Chen, G. M.,Chung, J.(1994).The impact of Confucianism on organization communication.Communication Quarterly,42,93-105.
12. Chen, G. M.,Miike, Y.(2006).The ferment and future of communication studies in Asia: Chinese and Japanese perspectives.China Media Research,2(1),1-12.
13. Chen, G. M.,Starosta, W. J.(1998).Foundations of intercultural communication.Needham Heights, MA:Allyn and Bacon.
14. Child, J.(2009).Context, comparison, and methodology in Chinese management research.Management and Organization Review,5(1),57-73.
15. Crawford, L.(1996).Everyday Tao: Conversation and contemplation.Communication Studies,47,25-34.
16. Crawford, L.(2000).Interpersonal communication and Tao.the annual meeting of National Communication Association,Seattle, WA:
17. Crawford, L.(1997).Conflict and Tao.The Howard Journal of Communications,8,357-370.
18. Dissanayake, W.(2003).Asian approaches to human communication: Retrospect and prospect.Intercultural Communication Studies,12(4),17-38.
19. Dissanayake, W.(ed.)(1988).Communication theory: The Asian perspective.Singapore:Asian Mass Media Communication Research and information Center.
20. Gao, G.,Ting-Toomey, S.(1998).Communicating effectively with the Chinese.Thousand Oaks, CA:Sage.
21. Gao, G.,Xiao, X.(2002).Intercultural/interpersonal communication research in China: A preliminary review.Chinese communication theory and research: Reflections, new frontiers, and new directions,London:
22. Goonasekera, A.,Kuo, C. Y.(2000).Forward-Towards an Asian theory of communication?.Asian Journal of Communication,10(2),7-12.
23. Gudykunst, W. B.(2005).Theories of intercultural communication I.China Media Research,1(1),61-75.
24. Gudykunst, W. B.(2005).Theories of intercultural communication Ⅱ.China Media Research,1(1),76-89.
25. Gudykunst, W. B.(1985).A model of uncertainty reduction in intergroup encounters.Journal of Language and Social Psychology,4,79-98.
26. Gudykunst, W. B.(1988).Uncertainty and anxiety.Theories of intercultural communication,Newbury Park, CA:
27. Gudykunst, W. B.(ed.)(2005).Theorizing about intercultural communication.Thousand Oaks, CA:Sage.
28. Gudykunst, W. B.(ed.),Stewart, L.(ed.),Ting-Toomey, S.(ed.)(1985).Communication, culture, and organizational processes.Beverly Hills, CA:Sage.
29. Gudykunst, W. B.,Matsumoto, Y.,Ting-Toomey. S.,Nishida, T.,Kim, K.,Heyman, S.(1996).The influence of cultural individualism-collectivism, self construals, and individual values on communication styles across cultures.Human Communication Research,22(4),510-543.
30. Gunaratne, S. A.(2009).Emerging global divides in media and communication theory: European universalism versus non-Western reactions.Asian Journal of Communication,19(4),366-383.
31. Gunaratne, S. A.(2005).The Dao of the press: A humanocentric theory.Cresskill, NJ:Hampton Press.
32. Gunaratne, S. A.(2006).A Yijing view of world-system and democracy.Journal of Chinese Philosophy,33(2),191-211.
33. Ho, D. Y. F.(1998).Interpersonal relationships and relationship dominance: Analysis based on methodological relationalism.Asian Journal of Social Psychology,1,1-16.
34. Ho, D. Y. F.,Chiu, C. Y.(1994).Component idea of individualism, collectivism, and social organization: An application in the study of Chinese culture.Individualism and collectivism: Theory, method, and applications,London:
35. Hofstede, G.(1980).Culture's consequences: International differences in work-related values.Beverly Hills, CA:Sage.
36. Huang, Y. H.(2010).Theorizing Chinese communication research: A holistic framework for comparative studies.Chinese Journal of Communication,3(1),95-113.
37. Huang, Y. H.(2001).Value of public relations: Effects on organization-public relationships mediating conflict resolution.Journal of Public Relations Research,13(4),265-301.
38. Huang, Y. H.(2000).The personal influence model and "gao guanxi" in Taiwan Chinese public relations.Public Relations Review,26(2),216-239.
39. Huang, Y. H.(2001).Should a public relations code of ethics be enforced?.Journal of Business Ethics,31(3),259-270.
40. Hwang, K. K.(1997).Guanxi and mientze: Conflict resolution in Chinese society.Intercultural Communication Studies,7(1),17-37.
41. Hwang, K. K.(1987).Renqin and face: The Chinese power game.American Journal of Sociology,92,944-974.
42. Jia, W.(2000).Chinese communication scholarship as an expansion of the communication and culture paradigm.Chinese perspectives in rhetoric and communication,Stamford, CT:
43. Katouzian, H.(1980).Ideology and method in economics.New York:New York University Press.
44. Kim, M. S.(2007).The four cultures of cultural research.Communication Monographs,74(2),279-285.
45. Kim, M. S.(2002).Non-Western perspectives on human communication: Implications for theory and practice.Thousand Oaks, CA:Sage.
46. Kim, M. S.(2009).Cultural bias in communication science: Challenges of overcoming ethnocentric paradigms in Asia.Asian Journal of Communication,19(4),412-421.
47. Kim, U.(1994).Individualism and collectivism: Conceptual clarification and elaboration.Individualism and collectivism: Theory, method, and applications,London:
48. Kincaid, D. L.(ed.)(1987).Communication theory: Eastern and western perspectives (Human communication research series).San Diego, CA:Academic Press.
49. Kuo, E. C. Y.,Chew, H. E.(2009).Beyond ethnocentrism in communication theory: Towards a culture-centric approach.Asian Journal of Communication,19(4),422-437.
50. Lin, T.-Y(ed.),Tseng, W.- S.(ed.),Yeh, E.-K.(ed.)(1995).Chinese societies and mental health.Hong Kong, China:Oxford University Press.
51. Liu, Q.(2003).Understanding different cultural patterns or Orientations between East and West.Investigationes Linguisticae,4,21-30.
52. Lu, X.(1998).Rhetoric in ancient China: Fifth to third century B.C.E.: A comparison with classical Greek rhetoric.Columbia, SC:University of South Carolina Press.
53. Lu, X.(1994).The theory of persuasion in Han Fei Tzu and its impact on Chinese communication behavior.Howard Journal of Communications,5,108-122.
54. Markus, H. R.,Kitayama, S.(1991).Culture and self: Implications for cognition, emotion, and motivation.Psychological Review,98,224-253.
55. Miike, Y.(2007).An Asiacentric reflection on Eurocentric bias in communication theory.Communication Monographs,74(2),272-278.
56. Miike, Y.(2006).Non-Western theory in Western research? An Asiacentric agenda for Asian communication studies.The Review of Communication,6(1-2),4-31.
57. Oyserman, D.,Coon, M. H.,Kemmelmeier M.(2002).Rethinking individualism and collectivism: Evaluation of theoretical assumptions and meta-analysis.Psychological Bulletin,128,3-72.
58. Shi-xu(2009).Asian discourse studies: Foundations and directions.Asian Journal of Communication,19(4),384-397.
59. Starosta, W. J.(2002).Turning in a widening gyre: Toward Double-Emic criticism.National Communication Association's Summer Conference on Rhetoric and Culture,Miami, Florida:
60. Starosta, W. J.(2006).Rhetoric and culture: An integrative view.China Media Research,2(4),65-74.
61. Triandis, H. C.(1989).Self and social behavior in differing cultural context.Psychological Review,96,269-289.
62. Triandis, H. C.(1990).Cross-cultural studies of individualism.Nebraska Symposium on Motivation: Vol. 37. Cross-cultural perspectives,Lincoln, NE:
63. Triandis, H. C.(1994).Theoretical and methodological approaches to the study of collectivism and individualism.Individualism and collectivism: Theory, method, and applications,London:
64. Tsui, A. S.(2009).Editor's introduction-autonomy of inquiry: Shaping the future of emerging scientific communities.Management and Organization Review,5(1),1-14.
65. Tsujimura, A.(1987).Some characteristics of the Japanese way of communication.Communication theory: Eastern and western perspectives,San Diego, CA:
66. Wang, G.(ed.)(2009).Special issue: Asian communication research ferment-Moving beyond Eurocentrism.Asian Journal of Communication,19(4),359-473.
67. Wang, G.,Chen, G. M.(2010).Special issue: Collectivism, relations and Chinese communication.Chinese Journal of Communication,3(1),1-149.
68. Wang, G.,Liu, Z. B.(2008).What is the collective? A review of individualism, collectivism and guanxi from Chinese culture.the Conference of Imagining Chinese Communication Research,Hong Kong, China:
69. Wang, G.,Liu, Z. B.(2010).What collective? Collectivism and relationalism from a Chinese perspective.Chinese Journal of Communication,3(1),42-63.
70. Whetten, D. A.(2009).An examination of the interface between context and theory applied to the study of Chinese organizations.Management and Organization Review,5(1),29-55.
71. Yang, K. S.(1981).Social orientation and individual modernity among Chinese students in Taiwan.Journal of Social Psychology,113,159-170.
72. Yu, C. P.(1984).School of Theology, Boston University.
73. Yum, J. O.(1988).The impact of Confucianism on interpersonal relationships and communication patterns in East Asia.Communication Monographs,55(4),374-388.
74. 朱雲漢編、王紹光編、趙全勝編(2002)。華人社會政治學本土化研究的理論與實踐。台北:桂冠。
75. 朱瑞玲(1991)。「面子」壓力與其因應行爲。國家科學委員會研究彙刊：人文及社會科學，1(1)，14-31。
76. 朱瑞玲(1987)。中國人的社會互動：試論面子的運作。中國社會學刊，11，23-53。
77. 李少南(2004)。美、日、台電視文化價值觀之比較。新聞學研究，78，45-69。
78. 李少南(2002)。傳播學在中國的觀察與思考。中國傳播學：反思與前瞻—首屆中國傳播學論壇文集，上海:
79. 李金銓、黃煜(2004)。中國傳媒研究、學術風格及其他。新聞學研究，81，163-194。
80. 汪琪、沈清松、羅文輝(2002)。華人傳播理論：從頭打造或逐步融合？。新聞學研究，70，1-15。
81. 孫旭培編(1997)。華夏傳播論—中國傳統文化中的傳播。北京:人民出版社。
82. 徐耀魁(1992)。傳播學要結合中國實際。傳播學在中國：傳播學者訪談，北京:
83. 祝建華(2001)。中文傳播研究之理論化與本土化：以受眾及媒體效果的整合理論爲例。新聞學研究，68，1-22。
84. 翁秀琪(2001)。臺灣傳播教育的回顧與願景。新聞學研究，69，29-54。
85. 連樹聲譯、Tylor, E. B.(1992)。原始文化：神話、哲學、宗敎、語言、藝術和習俗發展之硏究。上海:上海文藝出版社。
86. 陳世敏(2001)。華夏傳播學方法論初探。2001中華傳播學會研討會
87. 陳國明(2001)。海外華人傳播學研究初探。新聞學研究，69，1-28。
88. 陳國明編(2004)。中國傳播理論與原則。台北:五南。
89. 陳韜文(2001)。中國花木蘭傳說的美國化和全球化。新聞學研究，66，1-27。
90. 陽海洪、陽海燕(2007)。泛組織傳播：對「孔孟」爲中心的儒家傳播思想考察。溫州大學學報，20(5)，94-98。
91. 馮應謙編、吳廷俊編、李少南編、蘇鑰機編(2007)。全球化華文媒體的發展和機遇。上海:復旦大學出版社。
92. 黃光國(2005)。儒家關係主義：文化反思與典範重建。台北:國立臺灣大學出版中心。
93. 黃光國(2001)。社會科學的理路。台北:心理。
94. 黃光國(1999)。台灣當前的文化危機與科技創新。歷史月刊，8，28-37。
95. 黃光國(1999)。建立「學術實踐的主體性」。大葉學報，8(2)，1-10。
96. 楊國樞(1993)。中國人的社會取向：社會互動的觀點。中國人的心理與行爲：理念及方法篇（一九九二），台北:
97. 葉蓉慧、陳淩(2004)。由個人自我構念價值看中國、香港與台灣之文化趨向及爭辯行爲。新聞學研究，80，51-87。
98. 鄭伯壎(2008)。華人文化與組織研究：何去何從？。中國社會心理學會研討會，中國天津:
99. 蕭全政(1994)。思維方法上的反省：典範與概念「兩種社會科學典範」。政治科學論叢，5，59-85。

1. 胡紹嘉(2012)。旅歷台灣，返想中國：一位來台陸生的跨文化敘事與認同重構。新聞學研究，111，43-87。
2. 秦琍琍(2012)。從「意思」到「意義」看Geertz《文化的詮釋》與傳播研究。傳播研究與實踐，2(2)，209-228。
3. (2013)。中華傳播研究的現況：誰做甚麽和引用誰。傳播與社會學刊，23，31-80。
4. (2017)。從比較視角探討中國大陸公共關係學科發展之正當性。傳播與社會學刊，39，221-256。
5. (2021)。公共關係／策略傳播範式轉變和語境本土化－機遇、挑戰與思考：對話黃懿慧教授。傳播與社會學刊，56，1-24。