台灣國中學生個人特質、家庭背景與學業成績－追蹤調查資料之研究

Individual Characteristics, Family Backgrounds, and Educational Outcomes of Taiwanese Junior High School Students-Panel Data Analysis

10.6277/ter.2010.381.2

黃芳玫(Fung-Mey Huang)；吳齊殷(Chyi-In Wu)

國中學生 ； 個人特質 ； 家庭背景 ； 學業成績 ； Junior high school students ； Individual characteristics ； Family backgrounds ； Educational outcomes

經濟論文叢刊

38卷1期（2010 / 03 / 01）

65 - 97

繁體中文

本文採用台北地區於1996年入學之國一新生的3年長期追蹤調查資料，仔細檢驗家庭背景或個人特質對其學業成績之影響。結果顯示家庭背景與個人不可觀察之影響因子，仍顯著地影響著1980s出生世代之學業成績，其影響力早在國中時期即已形成。其中，家庭月收入平均值與不可觀察之影響因子有高度正相關。在控制了所得隨機效果後，父、母親之教育程度之正向影響，隨著父、母親教育程度的提高而增大，其影響程度以父親爲大。父親籍貫爲外省籍之正向影響，主要來自其所得與教育水準之優勢。父母離異在控制了不可觀察之隨機效果後仍顯著爲負。在個人特質上，1980s出生世代，其學業成績之性別差異已不存在，宗教參與之頻率與其學業成績有顯著之負相關。

This paper investigates the associations between individual characteriatics, family backgrounds and educational outcomes for Taiwanese youths. The results show that observed and unobserved factors play a significant role on the early development of the youths. We find that the average size of the income of the family is a significant indicator of individual unobserved factors. After controlling for unobserved factors, parental education is positively associated with youths' educational outcomes; while parental separation reveals a negative association. The father's education shows a larger impacts on youths' academic outcomes. We further identify the father's economic and educational advantage as the main caues for a positive relationship between the youth's educational outcome and having a mainlander father. Gender differences in educational outcomes vanished for the 1984-1985 birth corhort. Frequent attendance of religious activities when they were between ages 13 and 15 was a negative factor on the educational outcomes of the youths.

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