台灣南部健檢成人骨質疏鬆症之盛行率與危險因子探討

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Osteoporosis among Adults Undergoing Health Examinations in Southern Taiwan

10.6288/TJPH2007-26-06-03

葉慶輝(Ching-Hui Yeh)；葉淑娟(Shu-Chuan Jennifer Yeh)

健康檢查 ； 骨質疏鬆 ； health examination ； osteoporosis

台灣公共衛生雜誌

26卷6期（2007 / 12 / 01）

462 - 471

繁體中文

目標：台灣老年人口持續增加，骨質疏鬆症病患亦逐年增加，其衍生之相關骨折，勢必對台灣醫療造成更大的負擔，本研究乃針對成人骨質疏鬆與相關因子做分析探討，以提供成人保健政策規劃與後續研究參考。方法：本研究為一橫斷性研究，研究對象為至南部某區域醫院體檢之1,082位成人。資料收集主要包括個人基本特性、生活型態、過去病史、檢驗結果等相關因子，並做描述性與卡方統計分析探討，達統計相關變項則進一步執行多變項邏輯式迴歸分析。結果：在1,082位成人中，平均年齡為69.5±12.1歲，骨質疏鬆盛行率為18.5%。卡方檢定結果發現：個人基本特性（包括年齡、子女數、停經女性、肥胖程度…等）、生活型態（包括抽菸、運動、日常交通工具…等）、過去病史（心血管疾病、白內障、糖尿病、…等）及檢驗結果（BUN尿素氮等）與骨質疏鬆症有關。此外多變項邏輯式迴歸結果顯示老人、體重過輕者、不運動者、日常未使用交通工具代步者、應酬時抽菸者及糖尿病病患，有較大風險會有骨質疏鬆，而戒菸者骨質疏鬆風險相對較低。結論：由結果顯示，台灣隨著老年化之時代來臨，骨質疏鬆人口也日漸增加，提醒成人應注意日常的生活習慣、飲食與自我保健篩檢，以便維持良好的健康，避免不必要之骨折發生。此外，戒菸對骨質疏鬆所帶來之保護作用值得後續研究。

Objectives: As the aging population is growing, the number of patients with osteoporosis is rising, and the resulting number of osteoporosis fractures will inevitably become an enormous burden on health care in Taiwan. The focus of the current study was to investigate the prevalence and related factors of osteoporosis in adults, the implications of which could provide impetus for further research and planning for health promotion for adults. Methods: The study was a cross-sectional study. Research subjects were comprised of 1082 adults undergoing a health examination in a regional hospital in southern Taiwan. The data collected included socio-demographic variables, lifestyle, history of diseases, and laboratory data. Descriptive and Chi-square tests were used to examine the relationship between osteoporosis and its related factors. Those statistically significant variables were further selected to establish multiple logistic regression models. Results: Among 1082 adults over 40 yrs of age, the average age was 69.5±12.1years and the prevalence of osteoporosis was 18.5%. The results of Chi-square testing revealed that factors, such as socio-demographic variables (including age, number of children, menopause, and obesity status), lifestyle (including smoking, exercise status, and daily transportation), history of diseases (including cardiovascular disease, cataracts, and diabetes), and laboratory data (e.g., renal function [BUN] impairment) had statistical significance with osteoporosis. The results of multiple logistic regression showed that the elderly, the underweight, those who do not exercise, those who walk without vehicles, those who smoke in social venues, and diabetics have a relatively high risk of developing osteoporosis, while ex-smokers had a relatively low risk for osteoporosis. Conclusions: The results of the current study showed that the prevalence of osteoporosis is increasing with the aging society in Taiwan. In order to remain healthy and avoid unnecessary fractures, it is necessary for adults to optimize their personal life styles, maintain diet control, and undergo regular health examinations. In addition, whether or not smoking cessation can protect adults from osteoporosis needs additional research.

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