跨層次探討影響團隊成員知識分享行為之研究

Cross Level Analysis of Team Members' Knowledge Sharing Behavior

蕭婉鎔(Wan-Jung Hsiao)；黃同圳(Tung-Chun Huang)

知識分享 ； 團隊脈絡 ； 人力資源管理活動 ； 跨層次研究 ； Knowledge Sharing ； Team Context ； Human Resource Management ； Multilevel Research

管理與系統

19卷3期（2012 / 07 / 01）

433 - 461

繁體中文

由於過去有關知識管理的相關討論多以技術層次為出發點，忽略「人 （human）」在知識管理中所扮演的關鍵性角色。但隨著人性與社會因素的日漸受到重視，對於知識分享的討論從個人角度重新加以詮釋有其必要性。因此，本研究聚焦於「人」在知識管理中的重要性，探討究竟哪些因素會影響個人於團隊中的知識分享行為。個體在群體中的行為表現除了受到個人差異影響外，亦會受到團隊與組織情境所影響，因此本研究分別從個人層次、團隊層次、組織層次探討影響團隊成員知識分享的前置因子。在分析方法上則運用階層線性模式來進行研究架構的分析與驗證，釐清三個不同層次變數對團隊成員知識分享的直接效果。研究結果發現，團隊成員知識分享行為會受到個人社交能力所影響。在組織情境中，個體隸屬於某一團隊、組織中，因此個人行為除了受到個人特質影響外，亦會受到所處的外在環境所影響。團隊情境的部份，團隊所知覺到知識網絡的重要性以及對於知識網絡的偏好，會影響個人知識分享的行為；在組織情境中，當組織提供「團隊導向的教育訓練」活動時，即在協助組織內成員改善與他人合作、溝通、互助的能力，可以改善團隊成員知識分享行為。

The purpose of this research is to understand the knowledge sharing behavior of employees. The research has identified several antecedents from different perspectives, such as individual differences and contextual environment. In validating this research with hierarchical linear modeling (HLM), data was collected from 187 employees in 46 different teams. A valid sample includes three different questionnaires: employees, team leader, and HR members. The results show that individual difference such as social skill is significantly important to individual's knowledge sharing behavior. Furthermore, contextual environment is also an important factor that impact on individual's knowledge sharing behavior. Overall, this research has provided a comprehensive framework of the impact factors of individuals' knowledge sharing behaviors. Hopefully, it can serve as the foundation for future research.

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