懸空作業重大職業災害之集群分析

Cluster Analysis of Fatal Occupational Accidents of Work at a Height

10.7005/JOSH.201103.0136

曹常成(Charng-Cheng Tsaur)；林效荷(Shiaw-Her Lin)；高崇洋(Chung-Yun Gau)；卓育賢(Yu-Hsien Cho)

懸空作業 ； 職災特性 ； 集群分析 ； Work at a height ； Natures of occupational hazards ； Cluster analysis

勞工安全衛生研究季刊

19卷1期（2011 / 03 / 01）

136 - 170

繁體中文

懸空作業大多為臨時、緊急性的修補與更換，並且需要移動性的工作，必須依靠其他輔助機具來完成的高處作業，雇主與勞工常在倉促問忽略安全防護工作或機具操作訓練，導致事故發生層出不窮。為此，本研究根據行政院勞委會重大職災資料庫，篩選出2002-2008年從事懸空作業職災死亡案例（約有267件），並採用統計集群分析探究此一議題。藉由罹災勞工個人因素、災害發生時問因素、災害發生單位因素及災害發生相關因素等，歸納出不同職災特性之集群。本研究結果發現，勞工進行懸空作業引發的災害類型，可分為三大類型：1.進行電桿、電塔之懸空作業所引起的感電職災；2.使用梯子進行牆面懸空作業所引起的墜落職災；3.使用高空作業車、起重機、堆高機等所引起的墜落職災。

Most work at a height is to repair or replace things in a temporary or urgent manner. It also requires mobility and needs to rely on auxiliary equipment to finish the work at high places. The fact that employers and laborers often overlook the safety protection steps or equipment operation training in the hasty process of work leads to the frequent occurrence of accidents. Therefore, based upon the database of the Council of Labor Affairs (CLA), Executive Yuan, fatal accidents that were related to work at a height and occurred from 2002 to 2008 (about 267 cases) were selected and cluster analysis was used in this study to discuss the issue. Clusters with different natures of occupational hazards were categorized based on the personal factors of the deceased laborers, the occurrence time of the hazards, the units where the hazards occurred, and other relevant factors of the occurrence of hazards. The results of this study showed that hazards caused by work at a height by laborers can be divided into three categories, as follows: 1. Electrical hazards from conducting work related to utility poles or transmission towers, 2. Falls when using a ladder to do wall-related work; 3. Falls when operating an aerial lift, crane, or forklift.

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