面子威脅敏感度與離職傾向關係之研究

The Relationship Between Face Threat Sensitivity and Turnover Intentions

段宜祥(Yi-Shiang Duan)；林育緯(Yu-Wei Lin)

面子威脅敏感度 ； 工作壓力 ； 離職傾向 ； Face Threat Sensitivity ； Job Stress ； Turnover Intentions

聯大學報

12卷2期（2015 / 12 / 01）

121 - 137

繁體中文

本研究的目的為探討面子威脅敏感度與離職傾向之關係。本研究以面子威脅敏感度為自變數，離職傾向為依變數，工作壓力為中介變數，工作滿意度、轉換型領導、情感性承諾、規範性承諾、持續性承諾為控制變數，共發出問卷373 份，回收306 份，有效問卷為172 份，有效回收率約為46.1%。問卷發給的對象為：銀行人員、量販店員工、職業軍人、主管、網際網路公司員工...等。研究所得之結果為：1.面子威脅敏感度程度越高，工作壓力程度越大。2.面子威脅敏感度與離職傾向無明顯相關性。3.工作壓力對面子威脅敏感度與離職傾向之間的關係無中介作用。

This study discusses the relationship between face threat sensitivity and turnover intentions, using job stress as intervening variable and using job satisfaction, transformational leadership, affective commitment, normative commitment, and continuance commitment as control variables. Each of the 373 subjects was given a questionnaire to fill out. A total of 306 questionnaires were returned. Out of those, 46.1% was valid (172 out of 373). These questionnaires were distributed to the bank employees, retailer store workers, professional soldiers, executives, and employees of the internet company...etc. Following is the summary of the study: 1. There is a positive relationship between the face threat sensitivity and job stress. 2. There is no significant correlation between face threat sensitivity and turnover intentions. 3. Because there is no significant correlation between face threat sensitivity and turnover intentions, job stress has no intervening effect.

1. 余守媚(2008)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。台北，中國文化大學觀光休閒事業管理研究所碩士在職專班。
   連結：
2. Hu, H. C. (1944). The Chinese Concepts of "Face". American Anthropologist, 46(1), 45-64
3. Adebayo, S. O.,Ogunsina, S. O.(2011).Influence of supervisory behaviour and job stress on job satisfaction and turnover intention of police personnel in Ekiti State.Journal of Management and Strategy,2(3),13-20.
4. Agarwal, U. A.,Datta, S.,Blake-Beard, S.,Bhargava, S.(2012).Linking LMX, innovative work behaviour and turnover intentions: The mediating role of work engagement.Career Development International,17(3),208-230.
5. Albrecht, S. L.,Andreetta, M.(2011).The influence of empowering leadership, empowerment and engagement on affective commitment and turnover intentions in community health service workers.Leadership in Health Services,24(3),228-237.
6. Baron, R. M.,Kenny, D. A.(1986).The Moderator-Mediator variable distinction in Social Psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,51(6),1173-1182.
7. Barsky, A.,Thoresen, C. J.,Warren, C. R.,Kaplan, S. A.(2004).Modeling negative affectivity and job stress: A contingency-based approach.Journal of Organizational Behavior,25(8),915-936.
8. Bluedorn, A. C.(1982).A Unified Model of Turnover from Organizations.Human Relations,35(2),135-153.
9. Brown, P.,Levinson, S. C.(1987).Politeness: Some universals in language use.Cambridge, UK:Cambridge University Press.
10. Carless, S. A.,Wearing, A. J.,Mann, L.(2000).A Short Measure of Transformational Leadership.Journal of Business and Psychology,14(3),389-405.
11. Chang, H-T.,Chi, N-W,Miao, M-C.(2007).Testing the relationship between three-component organizational/occupational commitment and organizational/occupational turnover intention using a non-recursive mode.Journal of Vocational Behavior,70(2),352-368.
12. Chiu, C.-K.,Chien, C.-S.,Lin, C.-P.,Hsiao, C.-Y.(2005).Understanding hospital employee job stress and turnover intentions in a practical setting: The moderating role of locus of control.Journal of Management Development,24(10),837-855.
13. Chiu, R. K.,Francesco, A. M.(2003).Dispositional traits and turnover intention: Examining the mediating role of job satisfaction and affective commitment.International Journal of Manpower,24(3),284-298.
14. Cohen, S.,Kamarck, T.,Mermelstein, R.(1983).A global measure of perceived stress.Journal of Health and Social Behavior,24(4),386-396.
15. Cupach, W. R.,Carson, C. L.(2002).Characteristics and consequences of interpersonal complaints associated with perceived face threat.Journal of Social and Personal Relationships,19(4),443-462.
16. Dawley, D.,Houghton, J. D.,Bucklew, N. S.(2010).Perceived organizational support and turnover intention: The mediating effects of personal sacrifice and job fit.The Journal of Social Psychology,150(3),238-257.
17. De Gieter, S.,Hofmans, J.,Pepermans, R.(2011).Revisiting the impact of job satisfaction and organizational commitment on nurse turnover intention: An individual differences analysis.International Journal of Nursing Studies,48(12),1562-1569.
18. Dysvik, A.,Kuvaas, B.(2010).Exploring the relative and combined influence of mastery-approach goals and work intrinsic motivation on employee turnover.Personnel Review,39(5),622-638.
19. Goffman, E.(1967).Interactional Ritual: Essays on Face-to-Face Behavior.New York:Pantheon.
20. Goffman, E.(1956).Embarassment and social organization.American Journal of Sociology,62(3),264-274.
21. Goldsmith, D. J.(2000).Soliciting advice: The role of sequential placement in mitigating face threat.Communication Monographs,67(1),1-19.
22. Goody, E. N.(Ed.)(1978).Questions and politeness: Strategies in social interaction.Cambridge, UK:Cambridge University Press.
23. Hom, P. W.,Caranikas-Walker, F.,Prussia, G. E.,Griffeth, R. W.(1992).A meta-analytical structural equations analysis of a model of employee turnover.Journal of Applied Psychology,77(6),890-909.
24. Jamal, M.(1990).Relationship of job stress and type-A behavior to employees' job satisfaction, organizational commitment, psychosomatic health problems, and turnover motivation.Human Relations,43(8),727-738.
25. Johnson, D. I.,Roloff, M. E.,Riffee, M. A.(2004).Responses to refusals of requests: Face threat and persistence, persuasion and forgiving statements.Communication Quarterly,52(4),347-356.
26. Kaplan, P. S.,Stein, J.(1984).Psychology of Adjustment.California:Wadsworth.
27. Mak, W. W. S.,Chen, S. X.(2006).Face concern: Its role on stress-distress relationships among Chinese Americans.Personality and Individual Differences,41(1),143-153.
28. Mak, W. W. S.,Chen, S. X.,Lam, A. G.,Yiu, V. F. L.(2009).Understanding distress The role of face concern among Chinese Americans, European Americans, Hong Kong Chinese, and Mainland Chinese.The Counseling Psychologist,37(2),219-248.
29. Mao, H.-Y.,Hsieh, A.-T.,Chen, C.-Y.(2012).The relationship between workplace friendship and perceived job significance.Journal of Management & Organization,18(2),247-262.
30. Meyer, J. P.,Allen, N. J.,Smith, C. A.(1993).Commitment to Organizations and Occupations: Extension and Test of a Three-Component Conceptualization.Journal of Applied Psychology,78(4),538-551.
31. Mobely, W. H.(1977).Intermediate linkages in the relationship between job satisfaction and employee turnover.Journal of Applied Psychology,62(2),237-240.
32. Mobely, W. H.,Horner, S. O.,Hollingsworth, A. T.(1978).An evaluation of precursors of hospital employee turnover.Journal of Applied Psychology,63(4),408-414.
33. Mobley, W. H.,Griffeth, R. W.,Hand, H. H.,Meglino, B. M.(1979).A review and conceptual analysis of the employee turnover process.Psychological bulletin,86(3),493-522.
34. Mumtaz, A. M.,Rohani, S.,Mohamed, N. R. B.,Haryaani, H.(2014).Person-Organization Fit and Turnover Intention: The Mediating Role of Employee Engagement.Global Business and Management Research,6(3),205-209.
35. Öcel, H.,Aydın, O.(2012).Workplace bullying and turnover intention: The moderating role of belief in a just world.International Journal of Business and Social Science,3(13),248-258.
36. Paillé, P.(2011).Perceived stressful work, citizenship behaviour and intention to leave the organization in a high turnover environment: Examining the mediating role of job satisfaction.Journal of Management Research,3(1),1-16.
37. Parker, D. F.,DeCotiis, T. A.(1983).Organizational determinants of job stress.Organizational Behavior and Human Performance,32(2),160-177.
38. Podsakoff, N. P.,LePine, J. A.,LePine, M. A.(2007).Differential challenge stressor-hindrance stressor relationships with job attitudes, turnover intentions, turnover, and withdrawal behavior: A meta-analysis.Journal of Applied Psychology,92(2),438-454.
39. Schaubroeck, J.,Cotton, J. L.,Jennings, K. R.(1989).Antecedents and consequences of role stress: A covariance structure analysis.Journal of Organizational Behavior,10(1),35-58.
40. Seashore, S. E.,Lawler, E. E.,Mirvis, P.,Cammann, C.(1982).Observing and measuring organizational change: A guide to field practice.New York:Wiley.
41. Shaw, J. D.(1999).Job satisfaction and turnover intentions: The moderating role of positive affect.The Journal of Social Psychology,139(2),242-244.
42. Spector, P. E.,Zapf, D.,Chen, P. Y.,Frese, M.(2000).Why negative affectivity should not be controlled in job stress research: Don't throw out the baby with the bath water.Journal of Organizational Behavior,21(8),79-95.
43. Tierney, P.,Farmer, S. M.,Graen, G. B.(1999).An examination of leadership and employee creativity: The relevance of traits and relationships.Personnel Psychology,52(3),591-620.
44. Tracy, S. J.(2002).When questioning turns to face threat: An interactional sensitivity in 911 call-taking.Western Journal of Communication,66(2),129-157.
45. Trees, A. R.,Manusov, V.(1998).Managing Face Concerns in Criticism: Integrating Nonverbal Behaviors as a Dimension of Politeness in Female Friendship Dyads.Human Communication Research,24(4),564-583.
46. Vandenberghe, C.,Tremblay, M.(2008).The role of pay satisfaction and organizational commitment in turnover intentions: A Two-Sample Study.Journal of Business Psychology,22(3),275-286.
47. White, J. B.,Tynan, R.,Galinsky, A. D.,Thompson, L.(2004).Face threat sensitivity in negotiation: Roadblock to agreement and joint gain.Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes,94(2),102-124.
48. Yang, J.,Gong, Y.,Huo, Y.(2011).Proactive personality, social capital, helping, and turnover intentions.Journal of Managerial Psychology,26(8),739-760.
49. Zhou, J.,George, J. M.(2001).When job dissatisfaction leads to creativity: Encouraging the expression of voice.Academy of management journal,44(4),682-696.
50. Zimmerman, R. D.(2008).Understanding the impact of personality traits on individuals' turnover decisions: A meta-analytic path model.Personnel Psychology,61(2),309-348.
51. 江天秀(2004)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。彰化，大葉大學國際企業管理學系碩士班。
52. 吳正毅(2007)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。台北，大同大學事業經營學系研究所。
53. 李裕仁(2005)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。台北，中國文化大學國際企業管理研究所。
54. 李嘉紋(2008)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。台北，中華技術學院飛機系統工程研究所在職專班。
55. 李團益(2002)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。台北，中國文化大學勞工研究所。
56. 施妤璇(2006)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。桃園，國立中央大學人力資源管理研究所碩士在職專班。
57. 唐大鈞(1991)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。高雄，國立中山大學人資所。
58. 孫譽瑋(2009)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。台北，中國文化大學生活應用科學研究所。
59. 莊采華(2008)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。台北，大同大學事業經營學系。
60. 莊順天(2000)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。高雄，國立中山大學人力資源管理研究所。
61. 許湘靈(2008)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。新北，淡江大學企業管理學系碩士在職專班。
62. 郭佩雯(1998)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。台北，中國文化大學觀光事業研究所。
63. 陳之昭(1982)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。台北，國立台灣大學心理研究所。
64. 陳光韋(2009)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。桃園，元智大學資訊管理學系研究所。
65. 湛瑄宇(2000)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。桃園，中原大學企業管理學系。
66. 黃欣瑜(2009)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。桃園，國立中央大學人力資源管理研究所。
67. 黃韋傑(2009)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。嘉義，南華大學旅遊事業管理學系碩士班。
68. 葉欣怡(2006)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。台北，大同大學事業經營學系研究所。
69. 劉俊雄(2007)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。台中，東海大學管理碩士在職專班。
70. 蔡雯靜(2008)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。彰化，大葉大學國際企業管理學系碩士在職專班。
71. 鄭名媛(2008)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。台北，中國文化大學勞動學研究所。
72. 鍾如南(2008)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。高雄，國立中山大學人力資源管理研究所。
73. 鍾芳榮(2004)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。台北，東吳大學企業管理學系研究所。