题名

兒少經歷家庭經濟困境者於成年初顯期的復原力經驗探究

并列篇名

The Resilience Experiences of Emerging Adults Who Have Experienced Family Economic Adversities in Childhood

作者

陳杏容(Hsing-Jung Chen)

关键词

童年逆境 ; 入學及完成大學學業 ; 成年初顯期 ; 復原力 ; Adverse Childhood Experiences ; College Admission and Completion ; Emerging Adulthood ; Resilience

期刊名称

東吳社會工作學報

卷期/出版年月

42期(2022 / 06 / 01)

页次

93 - 122

内容语文

繁體中文

中文摘要

研究目的:台灣在高教擴張之後,看似人人可上大學,但是家庭困境不利子女取得大學學歷,也較難進入公立大學就讀,若生長在安置機構,上大學者更如鳳毛麟角。由於相對缺乏實證探究成功者的經驗,立基於復原力觀點,本研究從青年視角探究他們兒少時期身處弱勢家庭,如何透過個體、環境保護因素促使其在成年初顯期順利上大學或是畢業後穩定就業。研究方法:半結構訪談9位受訪者(4位女性),北中南區各3位,平均23.3歲,6位學生與3位就業者,平均接受社會扶助的時間是87.7個月。研究結果:分析產生三大主題,分別是有助生存的個人特質與能力、限制與優勢並存的家庭功能、即時與穩定的家外支持。研究結論:受訪者雖然經歷貧困、暴力、高壓的生活,但是個人的獨立自主、思考規劃與反思、感恩特質,家庭、師長、非營利組織與社會福利制度的支持都有助其克服逆境,並拓展與他人連結、學習成長的機會。部分受訪者在青春期有偏差行為,但是在成年初顯期有良好的生活,這些都說明復原力並非附著於單一特質、能力或資源,而是一個持續變動的歷程。最後建議促進個人與環境韌性,鼓勵適度向外求助、降低連鎖風險、建立友善環境與拓展支持網路、多面瞭解同儕與親密關係的保護機制以提升弱勢家庭青年之復原機會。

英文摘要

Purposes: Based on the resilience perspective, the study intend to understand the life experiences of children who have experienced family adversities from their own perspectives. Methods: Using semi-structure interviews on 9 young people whose average age are 23.3, including 4 females. They have faced multiple family risks and received assistances from public or private social welfare units with an average of 87.7 months. Results: After data analysis, three themes were identified. Under the influence of cumulative family risks, the subjects also have positive experiences. Positive personal characteristics and environmental resources and support from family, school, NGOs, and the social welfare systems all help these subjects to overcome challenges, connect to people, build a sense of belonging, attain high education, and gain the chances of contributing to society. Furthermore, some subjects had delinquency in early teenage but become well-adjusted in emerging adulthood which show the changing process of resilience. Based on the above, we suggest (1) improving individual and family resilience, reducing risk chain effects, (3) extending community support, (4) and understanding protection mechanisms in a multi-faceted manner, so as to effectively improve the opportunities for the positive adaptation for emerging adults who came from disadvantaged families.

主题分类 醫藥衛生 > 社會醫學
社會科學 > 心理學
社會科學 > 社會學
社會科學 > 法律學
参考文献
  1. 白倩如(2012)。機構安置少女復原力培育之行動研究。臺大社會工作學刊,25,103-155。
    連結:
  2. 江守峻,陳婉真(2017)。經濟弱勢青少年的教師支持、同儕支持、家庭凝聚力與心理資本之關係:台灣貧窮兒少資料庫分析。當代教育研究季刊,25(4),11-50。
    連結:
  3. 吳相儀,張聖翎,蕭舒謙,簡晉龍(2018)。感恩到幸福:從復原力探討感恩與心理健康之關係。教育心理學報,50(1),83-106。
    連結:
  4. 吳書昀(2011)。兒童少年家庭照顧者之照顧經驗初探。社會政策與社會工作學刊,15(2),79-140。
    連結:
  5. 李易駿,古允文(2007)。機會開放或結構限制?台灣青年從學校到職場轉銜過程中的yo-yo 現象。台灣社會研究季刊,67,105-152。
    連結:
  6. 沈瓊桃(2010)。暴力的童年、堅韌的青年:目睹婚暴暨受虐青年復原力之探討。中華輔導與諮商學報,27,115-160。
    連結:
  7. 胡中宜,彭淑華(2013)。離開安置機構青年之自立生活現況與相關經驗初探。臺灣社會工作學刊,11,49-80。
    連結:
  8. 莊奕琦,陳晏羚(2011)。紈袴子弟與流氓教授:台灣的教育與階級流動。人文及社會科學集刊,23(1),61-91。
    連結:
  9. 陳杏容(2017)。探討不同風險程度的國中生之憂鬱情緒的保護與資源因子。中華輔導與諮商學報,50,29-62。
    連結:
  10. 陳杏容,陳易甫(2019)。早期家庭經濟劣勢與成年初顯期發展成果之潛在剖析分析與其影響因子。中華心理衛生學刊,32(1),89-117。
    連結:
  11. 陳富美(2018)。台灣祖父母的正向帶孫經驗。中華心理衛生學刊,31(1),69-97。
    連結:
  12. 駱明慶(2002)。誰是台大學生?性別,省籍與城鄉差異。經濟論文叢刊,30(1),113-147。
    連結:
  13. 謝志龍(2018)。家庭生命事件與人類動力對於貧窮少年學業表現的影響:以臺灣兒童暨家庭扶助基金會經濟扶助對象為例。當代教育研究季刊,26(2),25-72。
    連結:
  14. 藍佩嘉(2014)。做父母,做階級:親職敘事,教養實作與階級不平等。台灣社會學,27,97-140。
    連結:
  15. 龔心怡,李靜儀(2015)。影響國中經濟弱勢學生之學業表現與中輟傾向之因素:「脈絡-自我-行動-結果」之動機發展自我系統模式為取向。教育科學研究期刊,60(4),55-92。
    連結:
  16. Arnett, J. J.(2016).College students as emerging adults: The developmental implications of the college context.Emerging Adulthood,4(3),219-222.
  17. Boden, M. T.,Thompson, R. J.(2015).Facets of emotional awareness and associations with emotion regulation and depression.Emotion,15(3),399-410.
  18. Chen, H. J.,Kovacs, P. J.(2013).Working with families in which a parent has depression: A resilience perspective.Families in Society,94(2),114-120.
  19. Chen, H.-J.(2013).Robust protective factors for Africa American youths who have a parent with depression.Social Work Research,37(2),121-134.
  20. Clarke, V.,Braun, V.(2013).Teaching thematic analysis: Overcoming challenges and developing strategies for effective learning.The Psychologist,26(2),120-123.
  21. Duncan, G. J.,Brooks-Gunn, J.(2000).Family poverty, welfare reform, and child development.Child Development,71(1),188-196.
  22. Guo, J.,Liu, L.,Zhao, B.,Wang, D.(2020).Teacher support and mental well-being in Chinese adolescents: the mediating role of negative emotions and resilience.Frontiers in Psychology,10,Article 3081.
  23. Hinojosa, R.,Nguyen, J.,Sellers, K.,Elasser, H.(2019).Barriers to college success among students that experienced adverse childhood events.Journal of American College Health,67(6),531-540.
  24. Jankowski, P. J.,Hooper, L. M.,Sandage, S. J.,Hannah, N. J.(2013).Parentification and mental health symptoms: Mediator effects of perceived unfairness and differentiation of self.Journal of Family Therapy,35(1),43-65.
  25. Kogan, S. M.,Allen, K. A.,Gonzales-Backen, M.,Bae, D.,Cho, J.(2019).Romantic relationships among emerging adult African-American men: A latent profile analysis.Journal of Social and Personal Relationship,36(7),2036-2054.
  26. Lee, T. K.,Wickrama, K. A. S.,Simons, L. G.(2013).Chronic family economic hardship, family processes and progression of mental and physical health symptoms in adolescence.Journal of Youth and Adolescence,42(6),821-836.
  27. Li, X.,Huang, C. Y.,Shen, C. T.(2019).Romantic involvement and adolescents’ academic and psychosocial functioning in Chinese societies.Children and Youth Services Review,96,108-117.
  28. Liebenberg, L.,Theron, L.,Sanders, J.,Munford, R.,van Rensburg, A.,Rothmann, S.,Ungar, M.(2016).Bolstering resilience through teacher-student interaction: Lessons for school psychologists.School Psychology International,37(2),140-154.
  29. Luthar, S. S.,Cicchetti, D.,Becker, B.(2000).Research on resilience: Response to commentaries.Child development,71(3),573-575.
  30. Masten, A. S.(2001).Ordinary magic: Resilience process and development.American Psychologist,56(3),227-238.
  31. McLaughlin, K. A.,Green, J. G.,Alegría, M.,Costello, E. J.,Gruber, M. J.,Sampson, N. A.,Kessler, R. C.(2012).Food insecurity and mental disorders in a national sample of US adolescents.Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry,51(12),1293-1303.
  32. Nowell, L.S.,Norris, J.M.,White, D.E.,Moules, N.J.(2017).Thematic Analysis: Striving to Meet the Trustworthiness Criteria.International Journal of Qualitative Methods,16,1-13.
  33. Plug, W.,Zeijl, E.,Du Bois-Reymond, M.(2003).Young people's perceptions on youth and adulthood. A longitudinal study from the Netherlands.Journal of Youth Studies,6,127-144.
  34. Roy, K.,Messina, L.,Smith, J.,Waters, D.(2014).Growing up as man of the house: Adultification and transition into adulthood for young men in economically disadvantaged families.New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development,143,55-72.
  35. Tong, Y.,Song, S.(2004).A study on general self-efficacy and subjective well-being of low SES college students in a Chinese university.College Student Journal,38(4),637-642.
  36. Ungar, M.(2013).Resilience after maltreatment: The importance of social services as facilitators of positive adaptation.Child Abuse & Neglect,37(2-3),110-115.
  37. Ungar, M.(2019).Designing resilience research: Using multiple methods to investigate risk exposure, promotive and protective processes, and contextually relevant outcomes for children and youth.Child Abuse & Neglect,96,104098.
  38. Walsh, F.(2016).Applying a family resilience framework in training, practice, and research: Mastering the art of the possible.Family Process,55(4),616-632.
  39. Werner, E. E.(2012).Risk, Resilience, and Recovery.Reclaiming Children & Youth,21(1),18-22.
  40. 教育部統計處(2021)。中等以下學校各級畢業生升學率【原始數據】。未出版之統計數據。取自:https://stats.moe.gov.tw/files/ebook/Education_Statistics/110/110edu_EXCEL.htm
  41. 梁信忠(2019)。性剝削少女於中途學校輔導後復原力之研究──以某中途學校為例。青少年犯罪防治研究期刊,11(1),97-226。
  42. 陳世佳(2007)。台灣大學生工讀現象之分析。台灣高等教育研究電子報,11,1-15。
  43. 劉錦萍(2007)。家境清寒大學生幸福感與社會支持的調查研究-以輔大進修部為例。全人教育學報,1,179-207。
  44. 簡慧娟,吳建昇,蔡惠怡(2019)。強化社會安全網如何發掘與服務社區中的脆弱家庭。社區發展季刊,165,30-41。
被引用次数
  1. 賴紅汝,黃筱珊,林晉賢,周大堯(2023)。受助後的充權人生?已進入職場之家扶青年及其家庭受扶經驗之檢視。臺灣社會福利學刊,19(1),21-68。
  2. 劉泳君(2022)。疫情期間學生線上學習成效不佳之困境分析-以失能家庭之弱勢學生為例。教育研究與實踐學刊,69(2),43-55。