單次高強度組合訓練運用超低溫冷卻對體循環、能量代謝與閾值耐力之影響

Effect of Single High Intensity Combined Training With Cryotherapy on Cardiovascular System, Energy Metabolism and Aerobic-Anaerobic Threshold

10.6162/SRR.201903_148.0003

方奕晴(Yi-Ching Fang)；張嘉澤(Jia-Tzer Jang)；李寶潤(Bo-Yoon Lee)；陳佳慧(Chia-Hui Chen)；陳德盛(Te-Sheng Chen)

血液氣體 ； 血氨 ； 乳酸 ； blood gas ； blood ammonia ； lactate

大專體育

148期（2019 / 03 / 31）

26 - 37

繁體中文

本研究目的主要在於探討單次高強度組合訓練運用超低溫冷卻對體循環、能量代謝與閾值耐力之影響。受試者為8名健康體育科系學生。研究測試分為個人閾值耐力測試與訓練兩項，皆以腳踏車測功儀進行。閾值耐力測試第一階為100watt，每階3分鐘，每增加一階即增加30watt，進行至個人最大負荷為止。訓練則分為持續與間歇兩項：持續負荷強度為個人閾值耐力6mmol／L（10分鐘），間歇負荷則為個人階梯式測試最高負荷（4×90秒）。超低溫冷卻（-120℃）則於前測與後測結束，以及訓練前、中、後進行，每次120秒。結果分析顯示體表溫度在各時間檢測點與運動前比較分析顯示：第1次冷卻後下降9.28℃。第2次冷卻下降10.70℃，血液氣體均無顯著差異。運動負荷心跳率（beats per minute，bpm）在持續負荷第5分鐘與第10分鐘平均值差異增加9.38bpm，間歇負荷在第1次與第4次則差異增加15.25bpm。持續運動負荷乳酸濃度於運動結束後第1分鐘為9.64±1.52mmol／L，運動結束後第10分鐘則為6.68±1.89mmol／L，兩項差異2.96mmol／L。間歇負荷則差異2.16mmol／L。恢復期運動結束後第5分鐘血氨在兩項測試差異為15.50mmol／L。閾值耐力部分，有氧閾值增加13.91watt，心跳率下降3.75bpm。無氧閾值4mmol／L增加5.74watt。本研究結論：運動前、中、後超低溫冷卻對血液氣體、乳酸未能達到顯著差異，但確實降低了體表溫度，且有提升氧分壓、減少二氧化碳分壓之趨勢。此外，單次高強度組合訓練能快速提升閾值耐力。

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of single high intensity combined training with cryotherapy on cardiovascular system, energy metabolism, and aerobic-anaerobic threshold. Eight students participated in this study. The experiment was divided into aerobic-anaerobic threshold test and the training; both were done using an ergometer. The 1st phase of the aerobic-anaerobic threshold test started at 100 watts. Every phase lasted 3 min, and the power was increased 30 watts in each successive phase until subjects' efforts peaked. The training was divided into continuous and intermittent exercise: the intensity of continuous exercise was at the individual anaerobic threshold of 6 mmol/L (10 min). Intensity for the intermittent exercise was individual incremental test maximum load (4 × 90 sec). Cryotherapy (-120°C) lasting 20 sec was applied after pretest and posttest, also before, between, and after training. Results of the comparison of body surface temperature at each time point and before exercise showed that it decreased by 9.28°C after the first cryotherapy and 10.70°C after the second, with no significant difference in blood gas. The average heart rate increased 9.38 beats per minute (bpm) at the fifth and tenth minutes of continuous exercise, while the difference between the first and fourth periods of intermittent exercise was 15.25 bpm. Lactate concentration after the first minute of continuous exercise was 9.64 ± 1.52 mmol/L. After the tenth minute it was 6.68 ± 1.89 mmol/L, with a difference of 2.96 mmol/L. The corresponding difference for intermittent exercise was 2.16 mmol/L. The difference in blood ammonia between the two tests at the end of the recovery period was 15.50 mmol/L. The aerobic threshold increased 13.91 watts, and the heart rate decreased by 3.75 bpm. The anaerobic threshold at 4 mmol/L increased by 5.74 watts. We conclude that cryotherapy before during and after exercise did not make significant difference on blood gas and lactate, but it did decrease the body surface temperature, and tended to increase the partial pressure of oxygen (PO_2) and reduce that of carbon dioxide (PCO_2). In addition, a single instance of high-intensity exercise can quickly increase aerobic and anaerobic threshold endurance.

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