题名

組織內衝突與衝突管理研究之回顧與前瞻

并列篇名

Conflict in Organizations and Conflict Management: A Critical Review

作者

鄭弘岳(Hung-Yueh Cheng)

关键词

組織內衝突 ； 衝突類型 ； 衝突過程 ； 衝突解決 ； 衝突管理 ； 華人文化 ； conflict in organizations ； conflict type ； conflict processes ； conflict resolution ； conflict management.

期刊名称

應用心理研究

卷期/出版年月

20期（2003 / 12 / 01）

页次

53 - 82

内容语文

繁體中文
中文摘要

本文檢討了西方與台灣過去二十年來有關組織內衝突的研究。整體而言，西方的組織內衝突文獻非常豐富，大多聚焦於對偶層次上，探討組織內衝突原因、衝突類型、衝突過程及衝突解決等重要議題。與西方相較之下，台灣的研究數量仍然不多，而且品質平平。不過，已有少數研究者進行華人文化與衝突的本土化探討。除此之外，本文亦指出西方組織內衝突的重要研究方向，包括衝突的正面效果、衝突的情緒感受、衝突的動態性、衝突的網絡分析、及衝突的跨文化比較等，並討論了華人文化中的尊尊與親親法則對組織內衝突的影響。
英文摘要

This paper reviews literature in the West and Taiwan regarding conflict within organizations in the past two decades. In general, Western researchers focused more on dyadic level issues such as conflict sources, conflict types, conflict processes, and conflict resolutions. However, indigenous studies on organizational conflict in the Chinese context have started in Taiwan recently. This paper also pointes out the main research directions of western studies and discusses implications of the Chinese culture on conflict in organizations.
主题分类 社會科學 > 心理學
参考文献
  1. 吳宗祐、徐瑋伶、鄭伯壎(2002)。怒不可遏或忍氣吞聲：華人企業主管威權領導與部屬憤怒反應。本土心理學研究，18，3-49。
    連結：
  2. 周麗芳(2002)。華人組織中的關係與社會網絡。本土心理學研究，18，175-227。
    連結：
  3. 楊中芳(1999)。人際關係與人際情感的構念化。本土心理學研究，12，105-179。
    連結：
  4. Academy of Management(2003).Democracy in a knowledge economy.Seattle, Washington:Academy of Management.
  5. Amason, A. C.(1996).Distinguishing the effects of functional and dysfunctional conflict on strategic decision making: Resolving a paradox for top management teams.Academy of Management Journal,39,123-148.
  6. Argygris, C.(1962).Interpersonal competence and organizational effectiveness.Homewood, IL:Dorsey Press.
  7. Baron, R. A.(1984).Reducing organizational conflict: An incompatible response approach.Journal of Applied Psychology,69,272-279.
  8. Baron, R. A.(1977).Human aggression.New York:Plenum.
  9. Baron, R. A.,Ball, R. L.(1974).The aggression-inhibiting influence of nonhostile humor.Journal of Experimental Social Psychology,10,23-33.
  10. Bass, B. M,Dunteman, G. M.(1963).Behavior in groups as a function of self, interaction, and task orientation.Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology,66,419-428.
  11. Blake, R. R.,Mouton, J. S.(1964).The managerial grid.Houston, TX:Gulf.
  12. Blake, R. R.,Shepard, H. A.,Mouton, J. S.(1964).Managing intergroup conflict in industry.Ann Arbor, MI:Foundation for Research on Human Behavior.
  13. Brown, L. D.(1992).Normative conflict management theories: Past, present, and future.Journal of Organizational Behavior,13,303-309.
  14. Carnevale, P. J. D.,Isen, A. M.(1986).The influence of positive affect and visual access on the discovery of integrative solution in bilateral negotiation.Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes,37,1-13.
  15. Coser, L. A.(1956).The functions of social conflict.New York:Free Press.
  16. Cosier, R.,Rose, G.(1977).Cognitive conflict and goal conflict effects on task performance.Organizational Behavior and Human Performance,19,378-391.
  17. Deutsch, M.(1973).The resolution of conflict.New Haven, Conn:Yale University Press.
  18. Deutsch, M.,Canavan, D.,Rubin, J.(1969).The effect of size of conflict and sex of experimenter on interpersonal bargaining.Journal of Experimental Social Psychology,7,258-267.
  19. Dreu, C. K. W.,Evers, A.,Beersma, B.,Kluwer, E. S.,Nauta, A.(2001).A theory-based measure of conflict management strategies in the workplace.Journal of Organizational Behavior,22,645-668.
  20. Dutton, J. M.,Walton, R. E.(1966).Interdepartmental conflict and cooperation: Two contrasting studies.Human Organization,25,207-220.
  21. Evan, W.(1965).Conflict and performance in R&D organizations.Industrial Management Review,7,37-46.
  22. Fishbein, M.(1963).An investigation of the relationship between beliefs about an object and the attitude toward that object.Human Relations,16,233-240.
  23. Fisher, R.(Ed.)(1964).International conflict and behavioral science: The Craigville papers.New York:Basic Books.
  24. Folger, J. P.,Poole, M. S.(1984).Working through conflict.Glenview, IL:Scott Foresman.
  25. Gladstein, D.(1984).A model of task group effectiveness.Administrative Science Quarterly,29,499-517.
  26. Granovetter, M.(1973).The strength of weak ties.American Journal of Sociology,78,1360-1380.
  27. Guetzkow, H.,Gry, J.(1954).An analysis of conflict in decision-making groups.Human Relations,7,367-381.
  28. Hall, J.(1969).Conflict management survey.Rochester, NY:Technometrics.
  29. Ho, D Y. F.(1974).Readings in cross-cultural psychology.Hong Kong:Hong Kong University Press.
  30. Hwang, K. K.(1997).Guanxi and meintze: Conflict resolution in Chinese society.Intercultural Communication Studies,7(1),17-42.
  31. Jehn, K.(1992).Northwestern University Graduate School of Management.
  32. Jehn, K.(1995).A multimethod examination of benefits and detriments of intragroup conflict.Administrative Science Quarterly,40,256-282.
  33. Jehn, K.(1997).A qualitative analysis of conflict types and dimensions in organizational groups.Administrative Science Quarterly,42,530-557.
  34. Jehn, K.,Mannix, E. A.(2001).The dynamic nature of conflict: A longitudinal study of intragroup conflict and group performance.Administrative Science Quarterly,44(2),238-251.
  35. Jehn, K.,Shah, P.(1997).International relationships and task performance: An examination of mediating processes in friendship and acquaintance groups.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,72,775-790.
  36. Katz, D.,Kahn, R. L.(1966).The social psychology of organizations.New York:Wiley.
  37. Katz, R. L.,Kahn, R. L.(1978).The social psychology of organization.New York:Wiley.
  38. Kelley, H. H.(1979).Personal relationships.Hillsdale, NJ:Erlbaum.
  39. Kumar, R.,M. A. Rahim(Ed.)(1989).Managing conflict: An integrative approach.New York:Praeger..
  40. Labianca, G.,Brass, D. J.,Gray, B.(1998).Social networks and perceptions of intergroup conflict: The role of negative relationships and third parties.Academy of Management Journal,41(1),55-67.
  41. Leung, K.(1988).Some determinants of conflict avoidance.Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology,19,125-136.
  42. Leung, K.(1987).Some determinants of reactions to procedural models for conflict resolution: A cross-national study.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,53(5),898-908.
  43. Leung, K.(1996).The role of harmony in conflict avoidance.Proceedings of 50th Annual Conference of the Korean Psychology Association,Korea:
  44. Lewicki, R. J.,Litterer, J. A.(1985).Negotiation.Homewood, IL:Irwin.
  45. Magula, M. M.(1977).University of Washington.
  46. March, J. G.,Simon, H. A.(1958).Organization.New York:Wiley.
  47. Mason, R. O.,Mitroff, I. I.(1981).Challenging strategic planning assumptions.New York:Wiley.
  48. Mikolic, J. M.,Parker, J. C.,Pruitt, D. G.(1997).Escalation in response to persistent annoyance: Group versus individuals and gender effects.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,72,151-163.
  49. Munduate, L.,Ganaza, J.,Peiro, J. M.,Wuwema, M.(1999).Patterns of styles in conflict management and effectiveness.International Journal of Conflict Management,10,5-24.
  50. Nord, W.(1974).The failure of current applied behavioral science: A Marxian perspective.Journal of Applied Behavioral Science,10(4),557-578.
  51. Pondy, L. R.(1967).Organizational conflict: Concepts and models.Administrative Science Quarterly,12,296-320.
  52. Priem, R,Price, K.(1991).Process and outcome expectations for the dialectical inquiry, devil's advocacy, and consensus techniques of strategic decision making.Group and Organization Studies,16,206-225.
  53. Pruitt, D. G.,Rubin, J. Z.(1986).Social conflict: Escalation, stalemate, and settlement.New York:Random House.
  54. Pruitt, D. M.,Carnevale, P. J.(1993).Negotiation in social conflict.Pacific Grove, CA:Books/Cole.
  55. Putnam, L. L.,Poole, M. S.,F. M. Jablin,K. H. Roberts,L. W. Porter (Eds.)(1987).Handbook of organizational communication: An interdisciplinary perspective.Newbury Park, CA:Sage.
  56. Rahim, M. A.(1986).Managing conflict in organizations.New York:Praeger.
  57. Rahim, M. A.,Blum, A. A. (Eds.)(1995).Global perspectives on organizational conflict.Westport, CT:Praeger.
  58. Reitz, H. J.(1977).Behavior in organizations.Homewood, IL:Irwin.
  59. Roesman, I.,Wiest, C.,Swartz, T.(1994).Phenomenology, behaviors and goals differentiate emotions.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,67,206-221.
  60. Schweiger, D.,Sandberg, W.(1989).The utilization of individual capabilities in group approaches to strategic decision making.Strategic Management Journal,10,31-43.
  61. Schwenk, C.(1990).Conflict in organizational decision making: An exploratory study of its effects in for-profit and not-for-profit organizations.Management Science,36,436-448.
  62. Shah, P.,Jehn, K.(1993).Do friends perform better than acquaintances? The interaction of friendship, conflict and task.Group Decision and Negotiation,2,149-166.
  63. Sheppard, B. H.,B. M. Staw,L. L. Cummings (Eds.)(1984).Research in Organizational Behavior.Greenwich, CT:JAI Press.
  64. Sheppard, B. H.,M. Bazerman,R. J. Lewicki(Eds.)(1983).Negotiating in organizations.Beverly Hills, CA:Sage.
  65. Sherif, M.(1958).Superordinate goals in reduction of intergroup conflict.American Journal of Sociology,63,349-356.
  66. Silin, R. F.(1976).Leadership and value.Cambridge, MA:Harvard University Press.
  67. Staw, B.,Sandelands, L.,Dutton, J.(1981).Threat-rigidity effects in organizational behavior: A multilevel analysis.Administrative Science Quarterly,26,501-524.
  68. Thomas, K. W.,M. D. Dunnette (Ed.)(1976).Handbook of industrial and organizational psychology.Chicago:Rand McNally.
  69. Thomas, K. W.,M. D. Dunnette,L. M. Hough (Eds.)(1992).Handbook of industrial and organizational psychology.Palo Alto, CA:Consulting Psychologist Press.
  70. Tichy, N. M.,W. H. Starbuck,P. C. Nystrom (Eds.)(1981).Handbook of organizational design: Remodeling organizational and their environments.New York:Oxford University Press.
  71. Tinsley, C. H.(1998).Models of conflict resolution in Japanese, German, and American cultures.Journal of Applied Psychology,83(2),316-323.
  72. Tinsley, C. H.(1997).Understanding conflict in a Chinese cultural context.Research on Negotiation in Organizations,6,209-225.
  73. Tinsley, C. H.,Brett, J.(2001).Making workplace conflict in the United States and Hong Kong.Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes,85(2),360-381.
  74. Tjosvold, D.(1985).Implications of controversy research for management.Journal of Management,11,19-35.
  75. Van de Vliert, E.(1997).Complex interpersonal conflict behavior.London:Psychology Press.
  76. Van de Vliert, E.,Euwema, M. C.,Huismans, S. E.(1995).Managing conflict with a subordinate or a supervisor: Effectiveness of conglomerated behavior.Journal of Applied Psychology,80,271-281.
  77. Wall, J. A.,Callister(1995).Conflict and its management.Journal of Management,21,515-558.
  78. Wall, V.,Nolan, L.(1986).Perceptions of inequality, satisfaction and conflict in task oriented groups.Human Relations,39,1033-1052.
  79. Westwood, R.(1997).Harmony and patriarchy: The cultural basis for "paternalistic headship" among the Oversea Chinese.Organization Studies,18(3),445-480.
  80. Whyte, W. H.(1956).The organization man.New York:Simon & Schuster.
  81. Wilson, D. C.,Butler, R. J.,Cray, D.,Hickson, D. J.,Mallory, G. R.(1986).Breaking the bounds of organization in strategic decision making.Human Relations,39,309-332.
  82. Yang, K. S.,L. Y. Cheng,F. M. C. Cheung,C. N. Chen (Eds.)(1993).Psychotherapy for the Chinese: Selected papers from the first international conference.Hong Kong:Chinese University of Hong Kong.
  83. 梁覺、吳培冠、鄭伯壎、黃國隆、郭建志主編(1998)。海峽兩岸之人力資源管理。台北:遠流。
  84. 費孝通(1947)。鄉土中國。上海:觀察社。
  85. 黃囇莉(1999)。人際和諧與衝突：本土化的理論與研究。台北:桂冠。
  86. 黃囇莉(1996)。博士論文(博士論文)。台灣大學心理學研究所。
  87. 劉紀曜、黃俊傑主編(1982)。中國文化新論－思想篇二：天道與人道。台北:聯經。
  88. 鄭伯壎(1995)。行政院國家科學委員會專題研究計畫成果報告。台北:行政院國家科學委員會。
  89. 鄭伯壎(1995)。差序格局與華人組織行爲。本土心理學研究，3，142-219。
  90. 鄭伯壎、黃敏萍(2000)。華人企業組織中的領導：一項文化價值的分析。中山管理評論，8(8)，583-617。
被引用次数
  1. 郭芳秀(2016)。加護病房護理人員人際溝通能力與人際衝突處理型態之研究。長榮大學護理學系(所)學位論文。2016。1-72。
print cancel