國小高年級學童自尊影響因素之研究－以台北市與新北市國小為例

Self-esteem Changes and Influential Factors among Senior Students of Elementary School: A Case Study of Elementary Schools in Taipei City and New Taipei City

10.30026/CJSH.202312_(77).0004

林郁蓉(Yu-Jung Lin)；張鳳琴(Fong-Ching Chang)

自尊 ； 國小學生 ； 縱貫性研究 ； self-esteem ； elementary school student ； longitudinal study

學校衛生

77期（2023 / 12 / 01）

107 - 132

繁體中文;英文

本研究旨在探究國小高年級學童自尊變化及與個人背景、個人行為等因素的關係。以104學年就讀於雙北市五年級學童為研究母群體，進行兩年的追蹤調查，並以自填式結構問卷為研究工具，共計分析2,143名國小高年級學童，研究結果顯示：國小五年級學童中高自尊1,544人，升六年級有234人自尊降低，多元羅吉斯迴歸分析顯示五年級學業表現不佳、自覺健康程度低、有喝酒行為和被他人霸凌者，及五年級升六年級學業表現變差、自覺健康程度變差、家庭經濟變差及被他人霸凌增加者較易有自尊降低。國小五年級低自尊597人，升六年級有287人自尊提升，多元羅吉斯迴歸分析顯示五年級自覺健康程度高和沒有被他人霸凌者，及五年級升至六年級自覺健康程度變好、喝酒行為減少和被他人霸凌減少者較易有自尊提升。建議學校持續協助學業表現較低的學童、營造友善校園反霸凌環境、強化成癮物質預防教育等，以改善國小學童自尊。

This study examined sociodemographic background and behavioral factors associated with changes in self-esteem among senior elementary school students. A two-year longitudinal study was conducted, while self-administered questionnaires were collected in each year. A total of 2,143 senior elementary school students from Taipei City and New Taipei City completed the two-year follow-up survey. The results were as follows. Of the 1544 fifth-grade students who had medium-to-high self-esteem, 234 students decreased self-esteem from 5th grade to 6th grade. The multiple logistic regression analysis results revealed that the factors related to self-esteem decline included poor academic performance, lower self-perceived health, alcohol use, and being bullied in fifth grade coupled with a decrease in academic performance, self-perceived health, household economic status, and being bullied from 5th grade to 6th grade. Of the 597 fifth-grade students who had low self-esteem, 287 students increased self-esteem from 5th grade to 6th grade. The multiple logistic regression analysis results revealed that factors related to self-esteem increase included higher self-perceived health and without being bullied in fifth grade coupled with an increase in self-perceived health, a decrease in alcohol use and being bullied from 5th grade to 6th grade. It was suggested that schools should continuously help students with poor academic performance, create safe environments to prevent school bullying, and strengthen substance use prevention education to improve self-esteem for elementary school students.

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