員工協助方案提供企業諮商服務過程中涉及雙重關係倫理議題之探討

The Ethical Issues over Dual Relationship in the Workplace Counseling Service Offered by Employee Assistance Programs

施丁仁(Shih, Ting-Jen)；陳源滄(Chen, Yuan-Chang)；王智弘(Wang, Chih-Hung)

員工協助方案 ； 專業倫理 ； 雙重關係 ； Employee Assistance Programs ； workplace counseling ； professional ethics ； dual relationship

輔導與諮商學報

39卷2期（2017 / 11 / 01）

55 - 77

繁體中文

本研究旨在探討員工協助方案提供企業諮商服務過程中涉及雙重關係之倫理議題。本研究採取深度訪談法，針對三位員工協助方案專業人員進行個別訪談，並以樣版式分析進行質性資料分析。研究結果發現：一、EAPs專業人員提供企業諮商服務時易涉及雙重關係的倫理議題；二、企業諮商師遭遇雙重關係倫理議題時易面臨利益衝突的掙扎與衝擊；三、EAPs專業人員應使用多元的因應策略以面對雙重關係的倫理議題：1.積極面對雙重關係的倫理議題，其策略包括：(1)調整與維持專業角色以適應組織環境的要求；(2)調整與維持距離或社交活動的涉入情況；2.善用資源聯結與轉介處理複雜的雙重關係，其策略包括：(1)運用行政資源的轉介與串聯；(2)提供外部資源的訊息；(3)直接轉介外部資源。本研究並依據結果所得提出對員工協助方案從業人員、倫理守則修訂、倫理教育規劃及未來研究之建議。

The purpose of this study is to explore the ethical Issues over dual relationship in the workplace counseling services offered by Employee Assistance Programs. In this study, a deep interview method was used to interview three employee assistance program professionals. The sample data was analyzed based on the template analysis. The results showed that: 1. EAPs professionals who are involved in workplace counseling service tend to be involved in dual relationships ethical issues. 2. Workplace counselors face the struggle and conflict of interest conflicts when they face the ethical issues of dual relationships. 3. EAPs professionals should adopt multiple strategies to deal with the ethical issues of the dual relationship: (1) Actively face the ethical issues of the dual relationship. Its strategies include: a) Adjusting and maintaining professional roles to meet the requirements of the organization's environment. b) Adjusting and maintaining distance or involvement in social activities. (2) To make good use of resource linkages and referrals to deal with complex dual relationships. Its strategies include: a) The use of referral and concatenation of administrative resources. b) The provision of external resources. c) The direct referral of external resources. Based on the results, this study proposes suggestions for the program practitioners, ethics code revision, ethical education planning, and future research.

1. 王韋琇、陳姝蓉、王智弘(2015)。委外式員工協助方案心理師之專業倫理困境與其因應策略。教育心理學報，47(2)，199-216。
   連結：
2. 林美芳、張馥媛、王智弘(2009)。臨床心理師非性雙重關係倫理態度與行為之調查研究。台灣公共衛生雜誌，28(6)，530-540。
   連結：
3. 鄭意儒(2006)。企業諮商人員能力內涵之研究。輔導與諮商學報，28(1)，73-94。
   連結：
4. 謝明瑾、王智弘(2017)。國民小學諮商心理師面臨保密議題倫理判斷歷程之敘說研究。臺灣諮商心理學報，4(1)，17-43。
   連結：
5. American Psychological Association. (2017). Ethical principles of psychologists and code of conduct. Retrieved from http://www.apa.org/ethics/code/ethics-code-2017.pdf
6. Employee Assistance Professionals Association (2009). EAPA Code of Ethics. Retrieved from http://www.eapassn.org/Portals/11/Docs/About/EAPACodeofEthics0809.pdf
7. American Counseling Association(2014).ACA Code of Ethics.
8. American Psychological Association(2014).Report of the Ethics Committee, 2013.American Psychologist,69(5),520-529.
9. Anderson, S. K.,Kitchener, K. S.(1998).Nonsexual posttherapy relationships: A conceptual framework to assess ethical risks.Professional Psychology: Research and Practice,29(1),91-99.
10. Barnett, J. E.(2014).Sexual feelings and behaviors in the psychotherapy relationship: An ethics perspective.Journal of Clinical Psychology,70(2),170-181.
11. Barnett, J. E.(2011).Psychotherapist self-disclosure: Ethical and clinical considerations.Psychotherapy,48(4),315-321.
12. Barnett, J. E.,Lazarus, A. A.,Vasquez, M. J. T.,Moorehead-Slaughter, O.,Johnson, W. B.(2007).Boundary issues and multiple relationships: Fantasy and reality.Professional Psychology: Research and Practice,38(4),401-410.
13. Coles, A.(2003).Counselling in the workplace.UK:Open University Press.
14. Corey, G.,Corey, M. S.,Callanan, P.(2011).Issues and ethics in the helping professions.Belmont, CA:Thomson Brooks/Cole.
15. Corey, G.,Corey, M. S.,Callanan, P.(2007).Issues and ethics in the helping professions.Belmont, CA:Thomson Brooks/Cole..
16. Gutheil, T. G.,Gabbard, G. O.(1993).The concept of boundaries in clinical practice: Theoretical and risk-management dimensions.The American Journal of Psychiatry,150(2),188-196.
17. Gutheil, T. G.,Gabbard, G. O.(1998).Misuses and misunderstandings of boundary theory in clinical and regulatory settings.American Journal of Psychiatry,155(3),409-414.
18. Haas, L. J.,Malouf, J. L.(2005).Keeping up the good work: A practitioner's guide to mental health ethics.Sarasota, FL:Professional Resource Press.
19. Lazarus, A. A.(Ed.),Zur, O.(Ed.)(2002).Dual relationships and psychotherapy.New York:Springer.
20. Pope, K. S.,Vasquez, M. J. T.(2016).Ethics in psychotherapy and counseling: A practical guide.Hoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons.
21. Pope, K. S.,Vetter, V. A.(1992).Ethical dilemmas encountered by members of the American Psychological Association: A national survey.American Psychologist,47(3),397-411.
22. Reamer, F. G.(2003).Boundary issues in social work: Managing dual relationships.Social Work,48(1),121-133.
23. Rogerson, M. D.,Gottlieb, M. C.,Handelsman, M. M.,Knapp, S.,Younggren, J.(2011).Nonrational process in ethical decision making.American Psychologist,66(7),614-623.
24. Smith, D.,Fitzpatrick, M.(1995).Patient-therapist boundary issues: An integrative review of theory and research.Professional Psychology: Research and Practice,26(5),499-506.
25. Van Hoose, W. H.,Kottler, J. A.(1977).Ethical and legal issues in counseling and psychotherapy.San Fancisco, CA:Jossey-Bass.
26. Van Hoose, W. H.,Paradise, L. V.(1979).Ethics in counseling and psychotherapy: Perspectives in issues and decision making.Cranston, RI:Carroll Press.
27. Welfel, E. R.(2006).Ethics in counseling and psychotherapy: Standards, research, and emerging issues.Belmont, CA:Brooks/Cole.
28. 牛格正(1996)。諮商員的專業倫理。通識教育季刊，3(2)，97-111。
29. 牛格正、王智弘(2008)。助人專業倫理。台北:心靈工坊。
30. 王智弘(2013)。借鏡美國發展臺灣特色：聯合服務模式EAPs 讓員工「足甘心」。能力雜誌，683，76-82。
31. 王智弘(2004)。諮商專業倫理之理念架構與諮商專業倫理機制的運作模式。中國輔導學會2004 年年會暨學術研討會，台北:
32. 王智弘(1999)。博士論文(博士論文)。彰化，國立彰化師範大學輔導與諮商學系。
33. 何艾倫(2008)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。台北，台北市立教育大學心理與諮商學系。
34. 沈清松(1996)。倫理學理論與專業倫理教育。通識教育季刊，3(2)，1-17。
35. 周雪璉(2011)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。台北，國立台北教育大學心理與諮商學系。
36. 張芬芬(2010)。質性資料分析的五步驟：在抽象階梯上爬升。初等教育學刊，35，87-120。
37. 張馥媛(2014)。博士論文(博士論文)。彰化，國立彰化師範大學輔導與諮商學系。
38. 黃惠雯譯、童琬芬譯、梁文蓁譯、林兆衛譯、Carbtree, B. F.、Miller W. L.(2007)。最新質性方法與研究。台北:韋伯文化。
39. 楊明磊(2003)。幫忙還是幫倒忙？員工協助方案中諮商師的衝突與因應。輔導季刊，39(2)，62-68。

1. 曾淑如,徐西森,吳典衡(2023)。臺灣地區企業員工諮商與心理健康之文獻回顧分析。臺灣諮商心理學報，11(1)，90-115。
2. 程雅妤,莊謹鳳,張素惠,王智弘(2021)。企業諮商中面臨企業與員工利益衝突之倫理判斷歷程研究。中華輔導與諮商學報，62，117-151。
3. 程雅妤,莊謹鳳,張素惠,王智弘(2022)。華人文化脈絡下高中職輔導教師多重角色衝突倫理判斷歷程之研究。中華輔導與諮商學報，65，27-62。
4. 張涵茹(2018)。從《診療椅上的謊言》－書探討違反界線之諮商倫理議題。諮商與輔導，395，42-44。
5. 莊謹鳳,張素惠,王智弘(2019)。員工協助方案人員面對保密議題之倫理判斷歷程研究。教育心理學報，51(2)，231-255。