射擊運動訓練之初探：以空氣手槍為例

The Research of Shooting Training: An Example of Air Pistol

10.6194/SCS.201909_(55).0004

嚴雅婷(Ya-Ting Yen)

閉鎖性運動 ； 瞄準 ； 精確 ； 穩定性 ； 全面性訓練 ； closed motor skill ； aiming ； accuracy ； stability ； comprehensive training

運動教練科學

55期（2019 / 09 / 01）

31 - 47

繁體中文

射擊運動是一項強調動作執行穩定性及目標瞄準精確性的閉鎖性運動，尤其是在空氣手槍的射擊比賽中，需要高穩定且高精確的運動表現。建立全面性的訓練概念有助於整體射擊運動的發展，應先從知識理論的瞭解著手，再應用到實際訓練。身體不同肌群的肌力訓練、平衡能力的訓練、心理技能的訓練、腦波應用於射擊運動的檢視，以及射擊技術的訓練等，都有助於射擊成績的提升，但如何將這些訓練作系統化、科學化的整合，並落實於日常的訓練當中，是未來訓練的重點。本文希望藉由射擊運動的生理、心理與技術的不同面向介紹，引至各面向之訓練模式，並從不同能力選手的訓練面向比重分配中，帶出全面性訓練的概念以及一些訓練效果的檢測方式，期望能幫助教練們培養出更多優秀的射擊選手。

Shooting is a type of closed motor skill that emphasizes the stability of the action execution and the accuracy of the target aiming, especially in the competitions of air pistol, which require high accuracy and high stability performance. It is helpful to facilitate the development of shooting sports by establish a comprehensive training concept, and it should started with understanding the knowledge of theories and then applies it to practical training. The contributions to the improvement of shooting performance including the muscle strength training of different body muscle groups, training of body balance ability, training of psychological skills, application of electroencephalogram (EEG) to shooting sports and training of shooting technique. How to systematically and scientifically integrate these training methods, and to implement in daily training, should be focus when programming the future training. Therefore, this article aimed on introducing the different aspect of shooting sport as physiology, psychology and skill domain, then lead to the methods of training and evaluation accordingly, and through the different weighting of each domain on training different skill levels' player to finally bring about the comprehensive training concept which expected to help coaches to their future training program and to train up more excellent shooting players.

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