諮商心理師五大人格特質、壓力因應策略與專業耗竭之相關研究

A Study on the Big-Five Personality Traits, Coping and Burnout of Counseling Psychologist

10.6472/JFEC.201212.0002

陳愉雅(Yu-Ya Chen)；張高賓(Kao-Pin Chang)

諮商心理師 ； 五大人格特質 ； 壓力因應策略 ； 專業耗竭 ； counseling psychologist ； big five personality traits ； coping ； burnout

家庭教育與諮商學刊

13期（2012 / 12 / 01）

1 - 23

繁體中文

本研究目的主要在探討諮商心理師五大人格特質、壓力因應策略與專業耗竭之相關。研究採用問卷調查法，以國內目前領有諮商心理師證照的心理師為研究對象，回收有效問卷164份，使用研究工具為「五大人格調查量表」、「壓力因應策略量表」、「專業耗竭量表」，所得資料以描述性統計、單因子多變量變異數分析、典型相關以及階層迴歸分析等方法進行統計分析。研究結果顯示諮商心理師專業耗竭，因年齡與年資等背景變項不同而有顯著差異存在。諮商心理師之五大人格、壓力因應策略，分別與專業耗竭有顯著相關存在。謹慎性、外向性及神經質對諮商心理師的專業耗竭具有顯著的預測效果。

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship among big five personality, coping and burnout of counseling psychologist. The research methodology was based on questionnaire survey. The survey samples consisted of 164 counseling psychologists. The Instruments include: ”Big-Five Personality Inventory”, ”Coping Inventory”, ”Burnout Inventory”. The obtained data were analyzed by one-way MANOVA, canonical correlation, and hierarchical multiple regression analysis. Results from the statistical analyses revealed that burnout of counseling psychologist vary significantly with age and seniorities. Significant canonical correlation appears between big five personality and burnout. Significantly canonical correlation between coping and burnout. Conscientiousness, extraversion, and neuroticism significantly predicate counseling psychologist's burnout.

1. Bakker, A. B.,van der Zee, K. I.,Lewig, K. A.,Dollard, M. F.(2006).The relationship between the big five personality factors and burnout: A study among volunteer counselors.The Journal of Social Psychology,146,31-50.
2. Bolger, N.,Eckenrode, J.(1991).Social relationships, personality, andanxiety during a major stressful event.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,61,440-449.
3. Borritz, M.,Rugulies, R.,Bjorner, J. B.,Villadsen, E.,Mikkelsen, O. A.,Kristensen, T. S.(2006).Burnout among employees in human service work: Design and baseline findings of the PUMA study.Scandinavian Journal of Public Health,34,49-58.
4. Boyle, A.,Grap, M. J.,Younger, J.,Thomby, D.(1991).Personality hardiness, ways of coping, social support and burnout in critical care nurses.Journal of Advanced Nursing,16,850-857.
5. Corey, G.、Corey, M. S.、Callanan, P.、王志寰譯(2004)。諮商倫理。台北:桂冠。
6. Ducharme, L.(2005).Reducing counselor burnout and turnover.Institute for Behavioral Research,3,1-2.
7. Figley, C. R.(2002).Compassion fatigue: Psychotherapist's chronic lack of self care.JCLP In Session: Psychotherapy in Practice,58,1433-1441.
8. Kirk-Brown, A.,Wallace, D.(2004).Predicting burnout and job satisfaction in workplace counselors: The influence of role stressors, job challenge and organizational knowledge.Journal of Employment Counseling,41,30-37.
9. Kokkinos, C. M.(2007).Job stressors, personality and burnout in primary school teachers.British Journal of Educational Psychological,77,229-243.
10. Lambie, G. W.(2006).Burnout prevention: A humanistic perspective and structured group supervision activity.Journal of Humanstic Counseling, Education and Development,45,32-44.
11. Lazarus, R. S.,Folkman, S.(1984).Stress, appraisal and coping.New York:Springer Publishing Company.
12. Maslach, C.,Jackson, S. E.,Leiter, M. P.(1996).Maslach burnout inventory manual(3rd).Palo Alto, CA:Consulting Psychologist Press.
13. Maslach, C.,Scchaufeli, W. B.,Leiter, M. P.(2001).Job burnout.Annual Review of Psychology,52,397-422.
14. McCrae, R. R.,Costa, P. T.(2003).Personality in adulthood.New York:Guilford Publications.
15. Mullenbach, M. A.(2000).University of Minnesota.
16. Pervin, L. A.,Cervone, D.,John, O. P.(2005).Personality: Theory and research(9nd ed.).Hoboken, NJ:John Wiley ＆ Sons..
17. Schultz, D.、Schultz, S. E.、陳正文譯、車先蕙譯、李璨如譯、帥文慧譯、張明玲譯(2004)。人格理論第二版。台北:揚智。
18. Skovholt, T. M.、劉小菁譯(2001)。助人工作者自助手冊─活力充沛的秘訣。台北:張老師文化。
19. Van Heck, G. L.(1997).Personality and physical health: toward an ecological approach to physical health-related personality research.European Journal of Personality,11,415-443.
20. Watkins, C. E.(1983).Burnout in counseling practice: Some potential professional and personal hazards of becoming a counselor.The Personnel and Guidance Journal,61,304-308.
21. Welfel, E. R.(2006).Ethics in counseling and psychotherapy : standards, research, and emerging issues.Belmont, CA:Thomson Brooks/Cole.
22. Wilkerson, K.,Bellini, J.(2006).Intrapersonal and organizational factors associated with burnout among school counselor.Journal of Counseling and Development,84,440-450.
23. 王婉玲(2006)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。台北，國立台灣師範大學。
24. 朱慶龍(2003)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。台北，國立政治大學。
25. 李如玉(2009)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。高雄，國立高雄師範大學。
26. 杜昌霖(2006)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。屏東，國立屏東師範學院。
27. 林金生(2002)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。高雄，國立高雄師範大學。
28. 柯純義(2007)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。台北，私立銘傳大學。
29. 莊耀嘉、李雯娣(2001)。兒童性格結構：五大模型的本土化檢驗。中華心理學刊，43(1)，65-82。
30. 陳汯諄(2009)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。高雄，國立高雄師範大學。
31. 陳鈞卿(2005)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。高雄，高雄醫學大學。
32. 程言美(2003)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。嘉義，南華大學。
33. 黃英如(2004)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。高雄，國立高雄師範大學。
34. 黃麗君(2007)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。彰化，國立彰化師範大學。
35. 劉淑慧(1986)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。彰化，國立彰化師範大學。
36. 鄭麗芬(1993)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。彰化，國立彰化師範大學。
37. 賴姿璇(2003)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。台北，台北市立教育大學。

1. 蔡宗達,黃建翔,連志剛(2020)。教師人格特質、知覺師生關係與職業倦怠感關係之研究。學校行政，128，44-67。
2. 陳婉真,洪雅鳳,林傳陽,江守峻(2021)。心理師在學校輔導跨專業合作的現況與信念：應然面與實然面的落差。中華心理衛生學刊，34(1)，55-84。
3. 吳思穎(2016)。從專業耗竭到自我照顧。諮商與輔導，361，48-49+32。