民族自治、傳統領域與自然資源管理－以加拿大育空領地第一民族之共管機制為例

Self-Government, Traditional Territory and Natural Resource Management: A Study of the Co-management in Yukon First Nations

10.29910/TJIS.200806.0005

官大偉(Da-Wei Kuan)

育空 ； 第一民族 ； 自然資源共同管理 ； Yukon ； First Nations ； natural resource co-management

台灣原住民族研究季刊

1卷2期（2008 / 06 / 01）

113 - 137

繁體中文

加拿大第一民族在爭取權益上的經驗素為台灣原住民族學習的對象，為深入思考其與政府之間的自然資源共管機制值得台灣原住民族借鏡之處，本文以育空領地的第一民族經驗為例，透過文獻回顧的方法，探討民族自治、傳統領域土地權利與自然資源共同管理之間的關係。本文主要分成三個部分：第一，回顧育空領地第一國族之土地權利主張的歷史；第二，分析其經由協定所形成的自治架構；第三，討論共管機制的運作及其和前面兩者的關係。最後，本文建議：民族自治與土地權的制度性支持，以及使不同文化、價值的知識得以共存的機制，都是共管得以成功的重要因素；同時，從育空領地第一國族的經驗中所看到共管機制所面臨的挑戰，也值得台灣原住民深切思考和注意。

The First Nations' struggles over indigenous rights in Canada have being inspiring to Taiwan indigenous peoples in many ways. Aiming to explore the relations between self-governance, traditional territory land rights and natural resource co-management in Canadian experiences, this paper took the First Nations in Yukon as an example and includes three parts of works: first, this paper reviewed the history of land claim in Yukon First Nations. Second, this paper analyzed the institutional framework formed by the self-government agreements. Third, this paper discussed the operation of co-management and how it relates to formers. In the end, this paper suggest: self-governance and traditional territory land rights are the key elements sustaining the co-management mechanism. Further more, this paper pointed out the challenge of co-management Yukon First Nations are facing that Taiwan indigenous peoples can also draw inspiration from.

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