建構兒童保護初級預防社區保護因子之芻議－家庭中心取向

On the Construction of Community Factors of Primary Protection for Children - Family-center Approach

10.6687/JSDS.201711/SP.0004

白倩如(Chien-ju ,Pai)

兒童保護初級預防 ； 社區為本 ； 保護因子 ； 以家庭為中心 ； child protection ； primary prevention ； community-based ； protection factor ； family-centered

社會發展研究學刊

專刊（2017 / 11 / 01）

97 - 109

繁體中文

長期以來，台灣的兒童保護預防服務，主要是採取「增加知識」與「擴大通報」之宣導活動為主要作法；至於次級干預則是以家庭內部系統為焦點，並以「減除家庭風險」為服務干預的主要思維。然而，從生態觀點來看，兒保事件發生是脈絡性、互動性的歷程，同時受家庭內部系統及外部社區系統互動之影響。實證研究顯示，家庭所處社區之凝聚力、非正式社會控制，以及早期介入的家庭支持與教育等因素，有助於家庭復原力之建構。因此，本文回顧有關文獻與理論觀點，從社區層級提出初級預防之基礎架構，並進一步討論社會工作者的角色內涵與專業關係。

For a long time, Taiwan's child protection and prevention services have mainly taken the practices of ＂increasing knowledge＂ and ＂expanding the reporting＂. As for the secondary intervention, the focus is on the internal system of the family and the ＂reduction of family risk＂ as the premise of service intervention. However, from the ecological point of view, child care incidents are contextual of the interactive processes, influenced by the internal and external community system. Empirical studies have shown that cohesion and the informal social control of the communities, the early involvement in family support and education contribute to the construction of family resilience. This study reviews the literature and related theories, proposes the framework for primary prevention at the community level, and further discusses the role of social workers and professional relations within it.

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