英文摘要
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The post-World War II strategy for preservation of cultural assets in Taiwan evolved in two major directions: antiquities preservation and cultural heritage preservation. In 1956, the Taiwan government began actively working to promote tourism to secure foreign exchange earnings, drafting a series of tourism promotion policies. Then, in 1966, the government initiated the Chinese Cultural Renaissance movement. The policies that followed implicated two major targets of cultural asset preservation: antiquities preservation and cultural heritage. Antiquities and cultural heritage were merchandised to generate profit from foreign currency exchange. In terms of antiquities protection, the system of public museums after World War II is reviewed. Since 1950, the National Palace Museum, National History Museum and National Taiwan Museum have each implemented a particular system of antiquities preservation and have played different roles based on different areas of expertise to protect national treasures. Therefore, antiquities of different origins have been protected. However, the practice of cultural heritage preservation resulted in the opposite outcome. Strong promotion of tourism initiated a face-lifting trend among cultural heritage sites. Cultural heritage sites all around Taiwan were affected, with many rebuilt, renovated, face-lifted, replaced with a replica or collapsed. These so-called restoration programs created heated debates among experts and professionals in the fields of archeology, architecture and fine art. In conclusion, the promotion of tourism in 1956 followed by the Chinese Cultural Renaissance movement in 1966 created different strategies for conserving antiquities and cultural heritage sites, which led to completely different destinies.
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