英文摘要
|
Research Purpose: Hospitals are important places in delivering health care for people in general. Nurses play an essential role in health care system, because they are responsible in providing patient care in clinical setting, and heavy work-load and stress are parts of their daily jobs. To understand work related stress and quality of life in senior nurses would be helpful in the development of nursing profession.
Research Methods: The research is a cross-sectional survey design, using self-reported questionnaires. Eligible participants were senior registered nurses who were recruited prior 2006/12/31, and data were collected between 2015/5/1 and 2015/5/31. A total of 188 questionnaires were distributed and 155 were returned. The questionnaire consists of four parts: (1) individual basic information, (2) health related habits and physiological conditions, (3) effort-reward imbalance (ERI), and (4) WHO quality of life brief (WHOQOL-BREF). IBM SPSS v12 was used for statistical analysis. The analytic methods include descriptive and bivariate analysis (i.e., correlation), and multivariate analysis (i.e., stepwise regression).
Research Results:
The range of participants’ age was between 29 and 49 years with mean age 36.1 and standard deviation (SD) 3.58 years. Majority (70.3%, n = 109) of the sample were married, 68.4% (n = 106) were Level Two Nurses (N2), and about one fourth were leader nurses (24.5%, n = 38). ERI model is used to measure one’s perceived effort and reward imbalance. The ratio of effort and reward (E/R ratio) larger than 1 represents high levels of work related stress. The average of E/R ratio was .80, with a SD .40. However, 21.9% of the sample reported E/R ratio > 1. Of the four dimension of the WHOQOL scale, the highest average score is in the physical health dimension with 13.83, and the lowest average score is in the psychological health dimension with 12.32.
Bivariate Analysis. According to correlation analysis, several variables are associated with ERI model and WHOQOL-BREF scales. Married status is negatively associated with effort and over-commitment dimension, while nursing level and drinking is positively associated with over-commitment. Married status is positively associated with various dimensions of quality of life, including physical health, psychological health, social relationships, environment, and overall. High education status is negatively associated with physical health, psychological health, environment, and overall quality of life. Being exercise regularly is positively associated with physical health and overall quality of life.
Multivariate analysis. Married status and exercise are two predictors significantly associated with ERI model. Similarly, married status, education level, and exercise regularly are predictors significantly associated with WHOQOL-BREF.
Conclusions and implications: Although nurses reported perceived imbalance work related stress, through family support and exercise might be helpful in stress management and quality of life improvement.
|
参考文献
|
-
Beehr T , & Newman J. (1978). Job stress, employee health, and organizational effectives: A facet analysis, model and literature review. Personal Psychology, 31(4), 頁 665-669.
連結:
-
JandeJonge, HansBosma, RichardPeter, & JohannesSiegrist. (2000). Job strain,effort-reward imbalance and employee well-being:a large-scale cross-sectional study. Social Science & Medicine, 50(9), 頁 1317-1327.
連結:
-
Lee I , & WangH H . (2002). Perceived occupational stress and related factors in the public health nurses. Journal of Nursing Research, 10(4), 頁 253-260.
連結:
-
NatasjavanVegchel, JandeJonge, HansBosma, & WilmarSchaufeli. (2005). Reviewing the effort-reward imbalance model:drawing up the balance of 45 empirical studies. Social Science & Medicine, 60, 頁 1117-1131.
連結:
-
SiegristJ. (1996). Adverse health effects of high-effort/low-reward conditions. Journal of Occupational of Health Psychology, 1(1), 頁 27-41.
連結:
-
SkevingtonM S , Lotfy M , & O’Connell AK. (2004). The World Health Organization’s WHOQOL-BREF quality of life assessment:Psychometric properties and results of the international field trial A Report from the WHOQOL Group. Quality of life research, 13, 頁 299-310.
連結:
-
ZhanL. (1992). Quality of life : Conceptual and measurement issues. Journal Adv Nurses, 17, 頁 795-800.
連結:
-
王昭儀. (2006). 醫學中心護理人員之勞動修件對其工作壓力、工作負荷及疲勞影響之研究. 台灣大學公共衛生學院衛生政策與管理研究所碩士論文.
連結:
-
王昭儀. (2006). 醫學中心護理人員之勞動條件對其工作壓力、工作負荷及疲勞影響之研究. 台北巿: 國立台灣大學衛生政策與管理研究所.
連結:
-
王靜琳, 黃瓊玉, 呂桂雲, & 何美瑤. (2007). 護理人員工作壓力與社會支持之探討. 榮總護理, 24(1), 59-68.
連結:
-
台灣版世界衛生組織生活品質問卷發展小組. (2000). 台灣版世界衛生組織生活品質問卷之發展簡介. 中華衛誌, 19(4), 頁 315-324.
連結:
-
向肇英, 李介至, & 鄭素月. (2011). 臨床護理人員社會支持、工作困境與健康狀態之相關性探討. 新台北護理期刋, 13(1), 頁 7-18.
連結:
-
何慧菁 , 張 淑惠 , 曹 瑞雲 , 張 梅芳, 陳 永煌 , & 楊燦. (2010). 醫院員工工作壓力與身心健康之相關研究. 中華職業醫學雜誌 , 17(4), 239-252.
連結:
-
林雅雯, 彭靜瑜, 林昭文, & 洪喜鈺. (2006). 健康組織環境與員工工作生活品質之相關性研究-以某區域教學醫院爲例. 醫護科技期刋, 20(35), 頁 20-35.
連結:
-
姚開屏. (2002). 健康相關生活品質概念與測量原理之簡介. 台灣醫學會, 6(2), 頁 183-192.
連結:
-
施佳君. (2007). ICU護理人員的自覺工作壓力與健康相關生活品質之探討. 台中: 中國醫藥大學醫務管理研究所.
連結:
-
候宥如. (2014). 護理人員工作負荷與工作壓力對其承諾影響之探討. 高雄巿: 高雄醫學大學醫務管理暨醫療資訊學系碩士在職專班學位論文.
連結:
-
梁倪嘉、黃麗卿、黃偉新. (2012). 同半胱胺酸血症與心血管疾病危險預估之相關性研究-以北部某醫學中心員工爲例. 中華職業醫學雜誌.
連結:
-
莊玉仙 , 林淑媛 , 陳秀月 , & 蔡佩玲. (2008). 新進護理人員的工作壓力與社會支持之調查-以高雄某區域教學醫院爲例. 高雄護理雜誌, 25(2), 頁 5-18.
連結:
-
莊玉仙、林淑媛、陳秀月、蔡佩玲. (2008). 新進護理人員的工作壓力與社會支持之調查-以高雄某區域教學醫院爲例. 高雄護理雜誌, 25(2), 5-19.
連結:
-
陳妮婉, 張彩秀, 張淑萍, & 宋琇鈺. (2011). 護理人員健康促進生活型態與生活品質之關係探討. 澄清醫護管理雜誌, 7(2), 27-37.
連結:
-
陳筱瑀. (2008). 輪班制度對護理人員生活品質及其相關因素之探討. 中台科技大學護理研究所.
連結:
-
曾慧萍, & 鄭雅文. (2002). 「負荷-控制-支持」與「付出-回饋失衡」工作壓力模型中文版量表之信效度檢驗:以電子產業員工爲研究對象. 台灣衛誌, 21(6), 頁 420-432.
連結:
-
曾瀞瑤. (2004). 醫學中心護理人員工作壓力與身心健康之相關探討. 台丠巿: 國立台灣大學公共衛生學院醫療機構管理研究所.
連結:
-
馮兆康, 李中一, 周秋滿, & 黃麗玲. (2003). 長期照護機構照護人員壓力及社會支持之橫斷性研究. 輔仁醫學期刋, 35-46.
連結:
-
黃保榮. (2011). 醫院護理人員工作壓力及職業災害相關之探討. 台北巿:台北醫學大學醫務管理學系研究所.
連結:
-
黃素微. (2005). 台灣簡明版世界衛生組織生活品質問卷之效度再探. 國立台北師範學院教育心理與諮商學系碩士論文.
連結:
-
趙怡荏, 陳昭源, 吳昀陞, 陳冠蓁, 魏中仁, 陳富莉, & 董道興. (2010). 醫療從業人員代謝症候群盛行率及相關危險因子之性別差異研究. 中華職業醫學雜誌, 17(3), 193-201.
連結:
-
鄢如平. (2011). 探討成人健康檢查族群其健康促進生活型態之相關因素研究-以台北巿某醫學中心爲例. 台北巿: 國立台灣師範大學健康促進與衛生教育學系.
連結:
-
劉俊昌. (2007). 護理人員之健康生活品質研究. 亞洲大學健康管理研究所.
連結:
-
劉雅惠, & 劉偉文. (2009). 護理人員情緒勞務、工作壓力與因應行爲之相關性研究. 醫護科技期刋, 11(2), 頁 98-115.
連結:
-
謝汝艷. (2011). 衛生署台東醫院護理人員工作壓力及生活品質之相關研究. 台東大學進修部運動休閒管理碩(假日)學位論文.
連結:
-
SelyeH. (1956). The stress of life. New York:McGraw-Hill.
-
Cooper L C , & Marshall J. (1978). Sources of managerial and white collar stress. . New York:John Wiley and Sons.
-
French J , Roger W , & Cobbs S. (1974). Adjustment as person-environment fit.In G.V. Koelho, D. A. Hamburg, & J. E. Adams(Eds.). Coping and Adaptation. New York:Basic Books.
-
IvancevichJ , & Mattenson M. (1980). Stress and work:A managerial perspective. New York:Scott foresman.
-
Lu, L., Shiau, C., & Cooper, L. C. (1997). Occupational stress in clinical nurses. Counselling Psychology Quarterly, 10(1), pp. 39-50.
-
McGrath A , Reid N , & Boore J. (2003). Occupational stress in nursing. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 40(5), 頁 555-565.
-
吳明國. (2012). 醫院員工健康狀況及其影響因素之探討-以某教學醫院爲例. 新竹: 國立新竹教育大學人力資源發展研究所.
-
李金泉, 方沛潔, & 楊立豪. (2011). 工作壓力與健康相關生活品質之相關探討-以台南地區護理人員爲例. 全球商業經營管理學術研討會. 高雄巿: 正修科技大學.
-
林正常, 林貴福, 徐台閣, & 吳慧君. (2002). 運動生理學:體適能與運動表現的理論與應用. 台北巿: 藝軒出版社.
-
林志豪. (2009a). 探討專業承諾於護理人員性別角色與工作壓力之影響. 未發表的碩士論文 台北巿: 私立天主教輔仁大學護理研究所.
-
莊逸洲, & 黃崇哲. (2000). 醫務管理學系列. 台北巿: 華杏出版社.
-
陸洛. (1997). 工作壓力之歷程:理論與研究的對話. 中華心理衛生學刋, 10(4), 頁 19-51.
-
黃俊榮. (2011). 護理人員工作壓力之影響因子-以中部某醫院爲例. 台中巿: 東海大學企業管理研究所碩士論文.
-
黃英如. (2005). 精神科護理人員工作壓力、因應策略與竹難竹心健康之相關研究. 未發表的碩士論文 台北巿:台北國立師範大學輔導與諮商研究所.
-
熊昭. (2015). 未來10年護產人力供需評估研究計畫. 衛生福利部.
-
盧美秀. (1991). 護理倫理學. 台北巿: 匯華出版社.
-
顏明君. (2011). 護理人員的壓力與健康生活品質之關係探討. 長庚大學管理學院碩士學位學程在職專班醫務管理組
|