國中生的社會資本與健康促進生活型態之研究

A Study between Social Capital and Health Promotion Lifestyle among Junior High School Students

10.7022/JHPHE.200712.0105

黃春太(Chun-Tai Huang)；姜逸群(I-Chyun Chiang)；黃雅文(Ya-Wen Huang)；胡益進(Yih-Jin Hu)

社會資本 ； 典型相關 ； 健康促進生活型態 ； 國中生 ； adolescent ； canonical correlation ； junior high school students ； health promotion lifestyle ； social capital

健康促進與衛生教育學報

28期（2007 / 12 / 01）

105 - 126

繁體中文

本研究在探討國中生的社會資本與健康促進生活型態的現況，以及二者之關係。以台南縣公立學校國中學生爲研究母群體，採叢集隨機抽樣方式，利用結構式問卷進行資料收集，共得有效問卷978份，重要結果如下： 一、國中生的社會資本愈多，則愈致力於健康促進生活型態。家庭氣氛愈好、親子關係愈好、手足互動愈好、親友互動愈好、社區參與愈多、代間封閉愈多、親師關係愈好、同儕關係愈好、師生關係愈好、社團參與愈多的國中生，其健康促進生活型態落實愈高。二、社區參與愈多、親師關係愈好、同儕關係愈差、社團參與愈多的國中生，則愈能落實營養行爲、健康責任行爲、運動行爲。三、家庭氣氛愈好、親子關係愈好、同儕關係愈差、社團參與愈少，則愈能履行營養行爲。

The purpose of this study was to investigate the social capital and health promotion lifestyle of junior high school students, and to further examine their relationships. The students at junior high school in Tainan County were the target population of this research, and the samples were selected by using clustered random sampling. The data collection was based on structural questionnaire method, and there were 978 valid samples, which presented a 97.12% of the response rate. Data were analyzed with canonical correlation analysis. The main results of this research are summarized as follows: 1. The higher social capital of students attributes to better realization of health promotion lifestyle. The better family atmosphere, better parent-child relationship, better sibling interaction, better relatives and friends interaction, more community participation, better intergenerational closure, better parent-teacher relationship, better peer relationship, better teacher-student relationship, more schoolclub participation, the more health promotion lifestyle. 2. The more community participation, better parent-teacher relationship, worse peer relationship, more schoolclub participation attributes to better realization of nutrition behavior, health responsibility behavior and exercise behavior. 3. The better family atmosphere, better parent-child relationship, worse peer relationship, less schoolclub participation attributes to better realization of nutrition behavior. The results of the study were discussed, and the recommendations for future researches and applications were proposed.

1. 林南(2004)。教育制度與社會資本。教育研究集刊，50(4)，1-16。
   連結：
2. 陳素芬、鄭惠美、照屋博行、李詩鎮(2004)。日本與台灣小學生生活習慣、生活態度、生活狀況的比較研究。學校衛生，45，1-15。
   連結：
3. 劉美媛、呂昌明(2006)。大一學生健康行爲現況及其相關因素之研究－以北部某大學學生爲例。學校衛生，48，19-37。
   連結：
4. 龍炳峰(2000)。國民小學學童規律運動行爲即其相關因素之研究。體育學報，29，81-91。
   連結：
5. 魏米秀、呂昌明(2005)。「健康促進生活型態」中文簡式量表之發展研究。衛生教育學報，24，25-45。
   連結：
6. Birch, L. L.,Davison, K. K.(2001).Family environmental factors influencing the developing behavioral controls of food intake and childhood overweight.Pediatric Clinics of North America,48(4),893-907.
7. Bonney, A. E.,Britto, M.T.,Klostermann, B. K.(2000).School disconnectedness: Identifying adolescents at risk.Pediatrics,106(5),1017-1021.
8. Burke, V.,Beilin, L. J.,Dunbar, D.(2001).Family lifestyle and parental body mass index as predictors of body mass index in Australian children: a longitudinal study.International Journal of Obesity,25,147-157.
9. Carbonaro, W. J.(1998).A little help from my friend`s parents: Intergenerational closure and educational outcomes.Sociology of Education,71(4),295-313.
10. Cartland, J.,Ruch-Ross, H. S.,Henry, D. B.(2003).Feeling at home in one`s school: A first look at a new measure.Adolescence,38,305-319.
11. Chen, M. Y.,Wang, E. K.,Yang, R. J.,Liou, Y. M.(2003).Adolescent health promotion scale: Development and psychometric testing.Public Health Nursing,20(2),104-110.
12. Coleman, J. S.(1991).Parental involvement in education: Policy perspectives series.Washington, DC:Office of Educational Research and Improvement.
13. Coleman, J. S.(1990).Foundations of social theory.Cambridge, MA:Harvard University Press.
14. Coleman, J. S.,Hoffer, T.(1987).Public and private schools: The impact of communities.New York:Basic Books.
15. Coleman, J. S.,T. Husen,T.N. Postlethwaite (Eds.)(1998).The International Encyclopedia of Education.Oxford:Pergamon Press.
16. Dever, G. E.(1976).An epidemiological model for health policy analysis.Social Indicators Research,2,453-466.
17. Fitzgibbon, M. L.,Stolley, M. R.,Avellone, M. E.,Sugerman, S.(1996).Involving parents in cancer risk reduction: A program for Hispanic American families.Health Psychology,15(6),413-422.
18. Gillander, G. K.,Hammarstrom, A.(2002).Can school-related factors predict future health behaviour among young adolescents?.Public Health,116,22-29.
19. Harpham, T.,Grant, E.,Rodriguez, C.(2004).Mental health and social capital in Cali, Colombia.Social Science & Medicine,58,2267-2277.
20. Hogan, M. J.(2001).Social capital: Potential in family social sciences.Journal of Socio-Economics,30,151-155.
21. Kawachi, I.,Kim, D.,Coutts, A.,Subramanian, S. V.(2004).Commentary: Reconciling the three accounts of social capital.International Journal of Epidemilolgy,33(4),682-690.
22. Kohlberg, L.(1969).Stages in development of moral thought and action.New York:Holt, Rinehart & Winston.
23. Kolbe, L. J.,Collins, J.,Cortese, P.(1997).Building the capacity of schools to improve the health of the nation: A call for assistance from psychologists.American Psychologist,3,256-265.
24. A new perspective on the health of Canadians: A working document
25. Lee, V. E.,Corninger, R. G.(1999).Elements of social capital in the context of six high schools.ERIC Document Reproduction Service.
26. Maes, L.,Lievens, J.(2003).Can the school make a difference? A multilevel analysis of adolescent risk and health behaviour.Social Science and Medicine,56,517-529.
27. Norman, A.,Bente, W.(1992).Parental and peer influences on leisure-time physical activity in young adolescents.Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport,63(4),341-348.
28. Parcel, T. L.,Menaghan, E. G.(1994).Early parental work, family social capital , and early children outcomes.The American Journal of Sociology,99(4),972-1009.
29. Pender, N. J.(1996).Health promotion in nursing practice.Norwalk, CT:Appleton and Lange.
30. Pender, N. J.,Barkaskas, V. H.(1992).Health promotion and disease prevention: Toward excellence in nursing practice and education.Nursing Qutlook,40(3),106-112.
31. Pender, N. J.,Pender, A. R.(1986).Attitude, subjective norms to engage in health behavior.Nursing Research,35,15-18.
32. Portes, A.(1998).Social capital: Its origins and applocations in modern sociology.Annual Review of Sociology,24,1-24.
33. Resnick, M. D.,Bearman, P. S.,Blum, R. W.,Harris, K. M.,Jones, J.,Tabor, J.(1997).Protecting adolescents from harm: Findings from the national longitudinal study on adolescent health.The Journal of American Medical Association,278,823-832.
34. Sallis, J. F.,Hovell, M. F.,Hofstetter, C. R.,Barrington, E.(1992).Explanation of vigorous physical activity during two years using social learning variables.Social Science Medicine,34(1),25-32.
35. Sallis, J. F.,Nader, P. R.,D.S. Gochman (Ed.)(1988).Health behavior: Emerging research perspectives.New York:Plenum Press.
36. Santrock, J. W.(2003).Adolescence: An introduction.New York:McGraw-Hill.
37. Szreter, S.,Woolcock, M.(2004).Health by association? Social capital, social theory and the political economy of public health.International Journal of Epidemiology,33(4),650-667.
38. Wainwright, P.,Thomas, J.,Jones, M.(2000).Health promotion and the role of the school nurse: A systematic review.Journal of Advanced Nursing,32(5),1083-1091.
39. Walker, S. N.,Sechrist, S. N.,Pender, N. J.(1987).The health-promotion lifestyle profile: Development and psychometric characteristics.Nurse Researcher,36,76-81.
40. Wall, E.,Ferrazzi, G.,Schryer, F.(1998).Getting the goods on social capital.Rural Sociology,63(2),300-322.
41. Young, D. R.,Gittelsohn, J.,Charleston, J.,Felix-Aaron, K.,Appel, L. J.(2001).Motivation for exercise and weight loss among African-American women: Focus group results and their contribution towards program development.Ethnicity & Health,6(3/4),227-245.
42. Young, E. M.,Fors, S. W.(2001).Factors related to the eating habits of students in grades 9-12.Journal of School Health,71(10),483-488.
43. 中華民國學校衛生學會主編(2003)。健康促進學校工作指引。台北:行政院衛生署。
44. 仇方娟(1997)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。高雄市，高雄醫學院護理研究所。
45. 95死因統計
46. 余玉眉、江永盛(1992)。國民保健六年計畫草案－規劃緣起與過程。衛生報導，2(7)，8-12。
47. 呂淑美(2005)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。台北市，國立臺灣師範大學衛生教育學系在職進修班。
48. 李明亮(2001)。健康促進政策與展望。台灣健康促進新紀元學術研討會專題演講
49. 李蘭(1991)。健康行爲的概念與研究。中華衛誌，10(5)，1-13。
50. 周新富(2003)。家庭社會資本組成構面及其學習結果之關係。台灣教育社會學研究，3(2)，85-112。
51. 林芳美(2003)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。台北市，國立台灣大學衛生政策與管理研究所。
52. 林薇(1998)。幼兒飲食行爲形成及影響因素。家政教育學報，1，42-58。
53. 許惠玉(2003)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。台北市，台北醫學大學保健營養學系碩士班。
54. 陳芮淇(2001)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。台北市，國立臺灣師範大學體育研究所。
55. 陳昭伶(2004)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。台北市，國立臺灣師範大學衛生教育學系碩士班。
56. 陳麗光、李蘭、邱雅苓、許可欣、葉珍玲、楊惟智(2002)。國家衛生研究院專題研究計畫成果發表會之學童健康生活型態研討會報告書。台北市:國家衛生研究院。
57. 彭田、郭獻文、邱淑玲(1992)。中部專科學生對西式速食攝食行爲的比較研究。公共衛生，19(3)，167-275。
58. 黃雅文、姜逸群(1991)。衛生教育與健康促進論。台北:景文。
59. 黃雅文、姜逸群(2005)。健康促進與健康行爲。國民教育，45(5)，18-24。
60. 楊雄寶(2003)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。台中市，國立臺灣體育學院體育研究所。
61. 劉翠薇、黃淑貞、洪文綺、李秋娓(2005)。青少女運動行爲之探討。醒吾學報，30，139-164。
62. 蔡佩如(2006)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。嘉義市，國立嘉義大學家庭教育研究所。
63. 鍾志強(1998)。運動參與動機、運動自我效能與運動社會支持對大學生運動行為影響之研究。雲林:雲院書城。
64. 簡介瑞(2003)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。台北市，國立臺灣師範大學衛生教育學系碩士班。
65. 羅沁芳(2003)。碩士論文(碩士論文)。台北市，國立臺灣師範大學衛生教育學系碩士班。

1. 鍾韶榮(2019)。六堆地區國中生幸福感研究。屏東科技大學客家文化產業研究所學位論文。2019。1-117。