非桌上型電腦對於使用者之肌肉骨髓不適和人因風險調查

Investigation of Musculoskeletal Discomfort and Ergonomic Risk Factors for Non-Desktop Computer User

10.6848/JWL.201505_4(2).0008

吳水丕(Swei-Pi Wu)；吳泓樞(Hung-Shu Wu)；簡德弘(De-Hung Jian)；李易(Yi Li)

筆記型電腦 ； 平板電腦 ； 肌肉骨髓不適 ； 風險因子 ； notebook computers ； tablet computers ； NMQ ； RULA ； musculoskeletal discomfort ； risk factor

工作與休閒學刊

4卷2期（2015 / 05 / 01）

167 - 177

繁體中文

隨著非桌上型電腦（筆記型電腦與平板電腦）的日益普及，對於使用者所帶來的肌肉骨髓傷害也越來越嚴重。為了了解非桌上型電腦使用者所引發之不良效應，本研究針對筆記型電腦與平板電腦使用RULA來檢核使用者之工作姿勢及風險等級，再進一步經由NMQ問卷調查之不適部位與RULA檢核表之評分等級進行交叉分析，以確認不同型式電腦之風險因子。共有30位受試者（15位筆記型電使用者；15位平板電腦使用者）接受調查，使用RULA個別分析，結果發現RULA評分大於2分且需進行調查矯正或快速改善者高達93%；RULA評分介於3～4分，須調查矯正者佔60%；RULA評分介於5～6分，須快速進行改善者佔26%；RULA評分為7分，須立即改善者佔7%。經由NMQ和RULA的交叉確認，發現筆記型電腦風險因子為過高的桌面、無分離式鍵盤、無肘靠、座椅沒有適度調整、無腳靠以及操作頻率過高;而平板電腦之風險因子則為無固定平板之輔其、雙手無支撐設計、缺乏腳靠以及操作頻率過高。整體而盲非桌上型電腦肌肉骨髓不適發生的原因為不良的作業場所設計、不當姿勢、工作站不良佈置、重複性作業等。

With the advent of the information era, non-desktop computers (notebook computers and tablet computers) have become increasingly prevalent, leading to increased musculoskeletal injuries. In order to reduce adverse effects on non- desktop computer users, RULA was adopted to verify the users' work postures and risk levels. In addition, cross analysis was conducted on body part discomfort obtained from the NMQ questionnaire survey and the scoring classes in the RULA checklist in order to confirm the risk factors of different types of computers.A total of 30 uniyersity students (15 notebook computer users; 15 tablet computer users) took the survey. RULA was adopted for individual analysis. Results show that those with RULA scores of higher than 2 points and needed investigation and correction or quick improvement reached 93%; those with RULA scores were between 3-4 points and neededinvestigation and correction accounted for 60%; those with RULA scores of between 5-6 points and needed quick improvement accounted for 26%; those with RULA scores 7 points and needed immediate improvement accounted for 7%. Finally, through the cross confirmation using NMQ and URLA, it was found that the risk factors of notebook computers are: excessive table height, without wireless keyboard, without elbow support, without appropriate seat adjustment, without foot rest, without two-hand support design, lacking foot rest and excessive frequency of use. Overall, non-desktop computer-induced musculoskeletal discomfort is attributed to: improper workplace design, poor posture, improper workstation configuration, repetitive operation, etc.

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