不共脈絡性：輕症自閉症學生的人際互動特徵

莫少依; 張正芬

doi:10.6172/BSE.201407.3902002

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P33 - 59

社会科学 > 教育学

DOI： 10.6172/BSE

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不共脉络性：轻症自闭症学生的人际互动特徵

Contextual Incompatibility: A Communicative Feature of Interactions with Children with Mild Autism Spectrum Disorder

莫少依(Shao-I Mo) ；张正芬(Cheng-Fen Chang)

特殊教育研究学刊； 39 卷 2 期 (2014 / 07 / 01) ， P33 - 59

繁体中文 DOI： 10.6172/BSE.201407.3902002

人际互动；不共脉络性；自闭症学生；语用； interpersonal interaction ； contextual incompatibility ； autism spectrum disorder ； pragmatic

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摘要 │ 参考文献 (49) │ 被引用文献 (8) │ 国际计量

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Purpose: Although difficulties in communication have been identified as the core features of children with mild autism spectrum disorder, scholars have not been discouraged from understanding the patterns of communication of these children. The apparent opposition to observing the communicative performance of children with mild autism spectrum disorder requires further exploration. Reconsidering the predominant viewpoint of ＂deviation from the norm＂ regarding the functional discrepancies in the communication of children with mild autism spectrum disorder, this study explored the features of interpersonal interaction of these children at the lived-experience level to reconceptualize the perceived deficits of these children. Methods: A qualitative method involving pragmatic tools was employed in analyzing the research data. The data were generated using the following steps: First, 5 fourth- and fifth-grade elementary students in a social interaction training group for children with mild autism spectrum disorder were selected as the subjects of observation. Second, the researcher attended all of the 13 group sessions and wrote field notes describing the interactions of the 5 participants with trainers and other children. Third, the interactions of each participant were described by integrating the field notes, which were verified by a co-observer together with the field videos. Fourth, the descriptions were qualitatively analyzed using 4 pragmatic tools: turn taking, adjacency pairs, speech acts, and an indexical. Finally, the interactive pragmatic features of the 5 participants were analyzed and categorized into several general patterns of communication. Results/Findings: First, no significant destruction in conversational action sequences were observed; the 5 participants engaged in conversation with others. Second, the words used during conversations were satisfactorily comprehended by all of the 5 participants, compared with the other children. In other words, no misinterpretation of word meaning by the 5 participants was observed. Finally, all 5 participants showed, although in distinct manners and at different degree, incompatible responses to the ongoing conversational contexts. This feature in communication was named ＂contextual incompatibility＂ in this study and indicated contextual mismatch when children with mild autism spectrum disorder engaged in conversations with others. Conclusions/Implications: The perceived difficulties in communication of children with mild autism spectrum disorder resulted from a discrepancy between ＂congruent conversational actions＂ and ＂incongruent referential contexts＂ when the participants engaged in conversations with others. This understanding provides a new approach to conceptualizing the perceived deficits of children. Further discussion on the research results and suggestions for future study are provided.

参考文献 ( 49 ) 〈TOP〉

余德慧(1998)。生活受苦经验的心理病理：本土文化的探索。本土心理学研究，10，69-115。
连结：
李维伦(2004)。以「置身所在」做为心理学研究的目标现象及其相关之方法论。应用心理研究，22，157-200。
连结：
李秀真、张正芬(2009)。学前亚斯柏格症儿童话輪转换之语用特质研究。特殊教育研究学刊，34(2)，47-72。
连结：
Kanner, L. (1943). Autistic disturbances of affective contact. Acta paedopsychiatrica, 35(4), 100-136.
Adams, C.,Green, J.,Gilchrist, A.,Cox, A.(2002).Conversational behaviour of children with Asperger syndrome and conduct disorder.Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry,43(5),679-690.

被引用文献 ( 8 ) 〈TOP〉

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