重探愛國主義：後疫情時代全球倫理的省思

Cheng-Hsi Chien

doi:10.6209/JORIES.202303_68(1).0007

山西大学，您好！

感谢采购，人社期刊库｜人社论文库，期间：2024/01/01~2024/12/31

感谢试用，科学期刊库｜科学论文库，期间：2024/10/20~2025/01/20

浏览高级检索

关闭
检索检索高级检索出版物检索
浏览期刊主题浏览核心期刊浏览期刊拼音浏览

关闭

查询符号(半角)	查询符号意义说明
空格	表示为「AND」两个查询词之交集
双引号 ( " " )	片语以双引号标示开始及结束，而且只寻找出现顺序相同的字词，例： " image process "
?	表示一个字母切截，输入两个?表两个字母，依此类推，例：输入「Appl?」，查得结果应为appl e , appl y … ( 常用于英文字查询 )
*	表示不限字母切截，由0~n. 例：输入「appl*」，查得结果应为appl e , appl es , appl y , appl ied , appl ication … ( 常用于英文字查询 )
AND、OR、NOT	布尔逻辑组合关键字，用来扩大或缩小查询范围的技巧。 (1) AND ：缩小查询范围 (2) OR ：扩大查询范围(3) NOT：排除不相关的范围

DOI 是数位物件识别码（ D igital O bject I dentifier ）的简称，
为物件在网路上的唯一识别码，可用于永久连结并引用目标物件。

使用DOI作为永久连结

每个DOI号前面加上「 http://dx.doi.org/ 」便成为永久网址。
如以DOI号为 10.5297/ser.1201.002 的文献为例，此文献的永久连结便是： http://dx.doi.org/ 10.5297/ser.1201.002 。
日后不论出版单位如何更动此文献位置，永久连结所指向的位置皆会即时更新，不再错失重要的研究。

引用含有DOI的文献

有DOI的文献在引用时皆应同时引用DOI。若使用APA、Chicago以外未规范DOI的引用格式，可引用DOI永久连结。

DOI可强化引用精确性、增强学术圈连结，并给予使用者跨平台的良好使用经验，目前在全世界已有超过五千万个对象申请DOI。如想对DOI的使用与概念有进一步了解，请参考（）。

ACI:

数据来源：Academic Citation Index，简称ACI

台湾最大的引用文献资料库，目前收录台湾与港澳地区所出版的人文学、社会学领域学术期刊之书目资料与参考文献，总期刊量超过690种，每年定期公布收录期刊的影响指数(Impact Factor)等指标给大众，并提供专家学者与学术单位实用的计量与分析功能。

五年影响指数（5-Year Impact Factor）：某一期刊前五年所出版的文章在当年度的平均被引用次数。

公式：（前五年发表论文在统计年的被引用次数）÷（前五年论文产出论文总篇数）

例如：A期刊2017年之五年影响指数

(A期刊2012-2016年发表论文在2017年的被引总次数)/(A期刊2012-2016年发表的论文总数)

什么是预刊文章？

为提供读者最前线之学术资讯，于期刊文献获同意刊登后、纸本印制完成前，率先于网路线上发表之文章即为预刊文章。预刊文章尚未有卷期、页次及出版日期资讯，但可藉由DOI号识别。 DOI号是文献的数位身份证字号，不论预刊或正式出版皆不会改变，读者可点击DOI连结，或于DOI号前面加上「 http://dx.doi.org/ 」连结到文献目前最新版本。

如何引用预刊文章？

请使用预刊文章的线上发表日期及DOI号来引用该篇文献。

引用范例(视不同引文格式规范可能有所差异)：

作者姓名。文章篇名。期刊名称。 YYYY/MM/DD线上预先发表。

doi:DOI 号

来源数据

P199 - 227

社会科学 > 教育学

DOI： 10.6209/JORIES

书目管理工具

相关连结

问题回报

全文下载

重探爱国主义：後疫情时代全球伦理的省思

Revisiting Patriotism: Reflections on Global Ethics in the Post-Pandemic Era

简成熙(Cheng-Hsi Chien)

教育科学研究期刊； 68 卷 1 期 (2023 / 03 / 01) ， P199 - 227

繁体中文;英文 DOI： 10.6209/JORIES.202303_68(1).0007

公民教育；全球永续；全球伦理；政治哲学；爱国主义； civic education ； global sustainability ； global ethics ； political philosophy ； patriotism

0 个人觉得这篇文章赞

摘要 │ 参考文献 (55) │ 国际计量

摘要〈TOP〉

并列摘要〈TOP〉

Research Motives and Purposes. The COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 has exerted considerable impact on various sectors worldwide and has disrupted global travel. Most discussions on epidemics and education are related to curriculum and instruction or the harmony between human beings and nature. This study re-examines the discussions related to patriotism in Western political philosophy after the 1980s in the context of international political and economic disputes during this pandemic. This study aims to change the perspective of global ethics in the face of the considerable changes caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and the role of patriotism in fulfilling the mission of global ethics, thereby laying a foundation for civic education. Research Methods and Literature. This study mainly uses philosophical arguments to reconstruct the meaning of patriotism in the context of global ethics. The following literature sources are reviewed: (1) Critiques of communitarianism against liberalism in the West after the 1980s and the emergence of collectivism, which has triggered relevant debates between liberalism and patriotism and (2) scholars' views on how to strengthen the ethical mission of patriotism under globalization. Research Results. Globalization driven by neoliberalism has led to the accumulation of wealth but has failed to evenly distribute income, resulting in the widening gap between the rich and poor. That is, ethical reflection is lacking in neoliberal economic thinking. Neoliberalism emphasizes the market mechanism. The original ideal of "minimization of state power" led to the "maximization of individual freedom" but corroded the concept of the welfare state, which has led the government to take no responsibility for the increasing domestic wealth gap. These two factors have contributed to the emergence of the anti-globalization trend after 2000. However, as the pandemic emerged, countries imposed various regulations for security reasons, which ultimately had a major impact on their economies. Countries require international support to cope with epidemics, climate change, and vaccine distribution. Therefore, instead of rejecting globalization altogether, its ethical mission must be strengthened. Thus, global ethics must be urgently strengthened in the post-pandemic era. Western liberal democracies did not emphasize patriotism in civic education after World War II in the last century because of the idea of the restraint of public power and the fear of possible national chauvinism. However, the communitarian scholar A. Macintyre proposed that patriotism is a virtue, and it has been valued again. This, of course, has renewed the challenges of traditional liberals, such as M. Nussbaum, who promoted cosmopolitanism in the light of Tagore and the Stoics. Keller also thinks patriotism was a bad faith. E. Callan and others echoed Keller's doubts had been discussed. Many scholars mutually hold liberal and communitarian views, namely R. Dagger's reciprocity argument, C. H. Wellman's gratitude argument, A. Manson's citizenship argument, and S. Nathanson's moderate patriotism. In simple terms, scholars with communitarianism and civic republicanism views believed that if patriotism was not endowed with the inherent spirit as a virtue, it would not cultivate the feelings of mutual devotion among compatriots and stimulate people to effectively fulfill their obligations, which would lead to citizens' indifference to public affairs. Those who support patriotism believe that the love for a nation and concern for the welfare of its fellow citizens are similar to the relationship between an individual and their family or friends. Patriotism encourages individuals to care about public interest, participate in public affairs, sacrifice themselves if necessary, and even fight to protect the country and fellow citizens. Patriotism thus contributes to the smooth operation of the institutions of the political community. The special concern for one's nation and fellow citizens, whether arising from contracts or reciprocity arguments, yields good results. Most scholars of the classic liberal contract theory are also willing to accept reciprocity, gratitude, virtues and to affirm the emotional connection between citizens from citizenship. Although these arguments do not completely account for the personal sacrifice for one's country or the supererogatory actions for one's fellow citizens, nor did they completely exclude Keller's accusations, they reflect the attempt by Western scholars to integrate patriotism and liberal democracy. Although these scholars have not been able to fully succeed in justifying the fusion of liberalism and patriotism, they all expect to keep patriotism from creating a traditional deficit. Considering that patriotism may hinder globalization, scholars have focused on the association between patriotism and globalization. In addition to Nussbaum's earlier promotion of cosmopolitanism as well as the above-mentioned mutual absorption of patriotism by liberalism and communitarianism, this study particularly analyzes the following: (1) I. Primoratz proposed ethical patriotism, emphasizing collective responsibility and conferring more ethical responsibility to patriotism. The study examines Primoratz's three plausible justifications for ethical patriotism. Although it is difficult for countries to self-reflect, ethical patriotism is urgently needed in the post-pandemic era. Primoratz's ethical patriotism represents the link between patriotism and cosmopolitanism. In the post-pandemic era of globalization, citizens should not only care about the well-being of their country and their compatriots but also reflect on their country's responsibility to the world. (2) Following the purview of virtue ethics and contemporary psychology, R. Curren and C. Dorn demonstrated that people do not just follow orders but are motivated to respond to moral judgments and values in order to thrive. Autonomy, self-determination theory, and organismic integration theory are all related to basic human needs, and these theories describe that basic human needs are subject to external rewards and punishments. Internalizing people's motivation leads to their psychological growth and well-being. Here, Curren and Dorn associate patriotism as a virtue that promotes the positive motivation of people at the individual, national, and even global levels, which is a novel idea compared with that of Macintyre. Moreover, after a long debate on patriotism from liberalism and communitarianism viewpoints, Western scholars associate patriotism to global ethics and hope that it will lay a foundation for civic education. Conclusions and Suggestions. The following conclusions can be drawn based on the above discussions: (1) Based on neo-liberal globalization after 1980s should highlight the importance of global ethics. (2) After the marked changes caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, patriotism in various countries should not be reduced to regional confrontation; by contrast, patriotism should be associated with the mission of global ethics. Primoratz's ethical patriotism deserves our attention. (3) Nussbaum's concept of concentric circles-drawing circles toward the center-connects individuals, families, and fellow countrymen to the whole human. Curren and Dorn emphasize that civic intelligence, civic friendship, and civic competence should be the focus of civic education in the post-epidemic era. Thus, this study re-examines the discussion on patriotism in the West and illustrates how Western scholars expect patriotism to unite internally, not hinder externally, and even be conducive to international cooperation in the post-pandemic era.

参考文献 ( 55 ) 〈TOP〉

江怡（2020）。个体、社会、未来：西方哲学家论新冠疫情的影响。哲学分析，11（6），160-175。http://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.2095-0047.2020.06.012【Jiang, Y. (2020). Individuals, societies, and the future: Western philosophers on the impact of the COVID-19. Philosophical Analysis, 11(6), 160-175. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.2095-0047.2020.06.012】
连结：
姜添辉（2015）。台湾高等教育政策依循新自由主义的现象与缺失。台湾教育社会学研究，15（2），131-165。https://doi.org/10.3966/168020042015121502004【Chiang, T.-H. (2015). Why do higher education policies in Taiwan incline towards neo-liberalism? A critique on this approach. Taiwan Journal of Sociology of Education, 15(2), 131-165. https://doi.org/10.3966/1680200420 15121502004】
连结：
简成熙（2021b）。我们应该特意进行爱国或打造民族性的公民教育吗？环绕John White等的相互论辩。台湾教育哲学，5（2），20-48。https://doi.org/10.7001/JTPE.202109_5(2).0002【Chien, C.-H. (2021b). Should we attempt to promote patriotism or nation-building in civic education? Some debates around John White and others. Journal of Taiwan Philosophy of Education, 5(2), 20-48. https://doi. org/10.7001/JTPE.202109_5(2).0002】
连结：
Billig, M. (1995). Banal nationalism. Sage. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781446221648
连结：
Burbules, N. C., & Torres, C. A. (Eds.). (2000). Globalization and education: Critical perspectives. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1020861611479
连结：

国际计量

〈TOP〉

E-mail ：

文章公开取用时，将寄通知信至您填写的信箱地址