题名

工作壓力、人格特質與工作投入對警察人員的組織公民行爲之研究

并列篇名

Effects of Job Stress, Personality Traits, and Job Involvement on Police Officers' Organizational Citizenship Behavior

DOI

10.30409/JPA.200712_(25).0003

作者

陳春希(Chun-His Chen)；湯雅云(Ya-Yun Tang)；何秉真(Bing-Jhen Ho)；鄭晉昌(Jihn-Chang Jehng)

关键词

組織公民行為 ； 工作壓力 ； 人格特質 ； 工作投入 ； 警察人員 ； organizational citizenship behavior ； stress ； personality traits ； job involvement ； police

期刊名称

公共行政學報

卷期/出版年月

25期（2007 / 12 / 01）

页次

67 - 93

内容语文

繁體中文
中文摘要

警察工作的高度機動性與不可預測性，增加了任務執行的困難度，因此同仁之間平日的組織公民行為有助於任務的完成與績效的提升。由於警察人員在警務執行的過程中時時面臨沈重的工作壓力，因此本研究以工作壓力與人格特質為起點，進行員警的工作態度與組織公民行為之探究。以線性結構方程式建構分析模型，探討工作壓力與人格特質二者對於員警工作投入與組織公民行為之影響。 研究結果發現工作壓力與勤勉正直之人格特質，對於警察人員之工作投入皆有顯著的正向影響。其次，工作壓力與勤勉正直的人格特質皆會透過工作投入的中介影響，進而促進組織公民行為的展現。本研究建議警察機關日後在人員的培訓上，可加強勤勉正直特質的人格培養，以助於提升警察同仁的工作投入程度，進而強化組織公民行為的表現。
英文摘要

This paper investigates the effects of stress and personality traits on job involvement and organizational citizenship behavior on the part of police officers. It is found that both stress and conscientiousness are positively related to police officers' job involvement. In addition, stress and conscientiousness are found to have effects on organizational citizenship behavior through the mediation of job involvement. Implications of the findings for policing organizations and suggestions for future research are discussed.
主题分类 社會科學 > 社會科學綜合
参考文献
  1. 吳宗祐、鄭伯壎(2006)。工作投入、調節他人情緒能力與情緒勞動之交互作用對情緒耗竭的預測效果。中華心理學刊，48(1)，69-87。
    連結：
  2. Allport, G. W.(1961).Pattern and Growth in Personality.New York:Holt, Rinehart & Winston.
  3. Barrick, M. R.,G. L. Stewart,M. Piotrowski(2002).Personality and Job Performance: Test of the Mediating Effects of Motivation among Sales Representatives.Journal of Applied Psychology,87(1),43-51.
  4. Barrick, M. R.,M. K. Mount(1991).The Big-Five Personality Dimensions and Job Performance: A Meta-Analysis.Personnel Psychology,44(1),1-26.
  5. Barrick, M. R.,M. K. Mount,J. P. Strauss(1994).Antecedents of Involuntary Turnover Due to a Reduction in Force.Personnel Psychology,47(3),515-535.
  6. Barrick, M. R.,M. K. Mount,J. P. Strauss(1993).Conscientiousness and Performance of Sales Representatives: Test of the Mediating Effects of Goal Setting.Journal of Applied Psychology,78(5),715-722.
  7. Bateman, T. S.,D. W. Organ(1983).Job Satisfaction and the Good Soldier: The Relationship between Affect and Employee "Citizenship".Academy of Management Journal,26(4),587-595.
  8. Bentler, P. M.(1990).Comparative Fit Indexes in Structural Models.Psychological Bulletin,107(2),238-246.
  9. Bhatt, D. J.(1997).Job Stress, Job Involvement and Job Satisfaction of Teachers: A Correlational Study.Indian Journal of Psychometry and Education,28(2),87-94.
  10. Borgatta, E.(1964).The Structure of Personality Characteristics.Behavioral Science,12(1),8-17.
  11. Boyd, D. P.,R. J. Webb(1982).The Coronary Costs of Choosing a Small Business Career.American Journal of Small Business,6(4),3-9.
  12. Brislin, R. W.,W. J. Lonner,J. W. Berry (Eds.)(1986).Field Methods in Cross-Cultural Research.Beverly Hills, CA.:Sage.
  13. Brown, M. W.,R. Cudeck,K. A. Bollen,J. S. Long (Eds.)(1993).Testing Structural Equation Models.Newsbury Park, CA.:Sage.
  14. Brown, S. P.(1996).A Meta-Analysis and Review of Organizational Research on Job Involvement.Psychological Bulletin,120(2),235-255.
  15. Brown, S. P.,S. J. Peterson(1993).Antecedents and Consequences of Salesperson Job Satisfaction: A Meta-Analysis and Assessment of Causal Effects.Journal of Marketing,30(1),63-77.
  16. Caplan, R. D.,K. W. Jones(1975).Effect of Working Load, Role Ambiguity, and Type A Personality on Anxiety, Depression, and Heart Rate.Journal of Applied Psychology,60(6),713-719.
  17. Caplan, R. D.,S. Cobb,J. R. French,R. V. Harrison,S. R. Pinneau(1975).Job Demands and Worker Health: Main Effective and Occupational Differences.Washington, D.C.:Government Printing Office.
  18. Colquitt, J. A.,J. A. LePine,R. A. Noe(2000).Toward an Integrative Theory of Training Motivation: A Meta-Analytic Path Analysis of 20 Years of Research.Journal of Applied Psychology,85(5),678-707.
  19. Costa, P. T. J.,R. R. McCrae(1992).Four Ways Five Factors are Basic.Personality and Individual Differences,13(6),653-665.
  20. Costa, P. T. J.,R. R. McCrae(1985).The NEO Personality Inventory: Manual Form S and Form R..Odessa, Fla.:Psychological Assessment Resources.
  21. Costa, P. T. J.,R. R. McCrae,D. A. Dye(1991).Facet Scales for Agreeableness and Conscientiousness: A Revision of the NEO Personality Inventory.Personality and Individual Differences,12(9),887-898.
  22. Cullen, F. T.(1983).Paradox in Police: A Note on Perceptions of Danger.Journal of Police Science and Administration,11(7),5-89.
  23. Diefendorff, J. M.,D. J. Brown,A. M. Kamin,R. G. Lord(2002).Examining the Roles of Job Involvement and Work Centrality in Predicting Organizational Citizenship Behaviors and Job Performance.Journal of Organizational Behavior,23(1),93-108.
  24. Farh, J. E.,P. C. Earley,S. C. Lin(1997).Impetus for Action: A Cultural Analysis of Justice and Organizational Citizenship Behavior in Chinese Society.Administrative Science Quarterly,42(3),421-444.
  25. Farh, J. L.,P. M. Podsakoff,D. W. Organ(1990).Accounting for Organizational Citizenship Behavior: Leader Fairness and Task Scope versus Satisfaction.Journal of Management,16(4),705-721.
  26. Flaherty, T. B.,R. Dahlstorm,S. J. Skinner(1999).Organizational Values and Role Stress as Determinants of Customer-Oriented Selling Performance.Journal of Personal Selling and Sales Management,19(1),1-18.
  27. Frees, M.,D. Zapf,H. C. Triandis,M. D. Dunnette,L. M. Hough (Eds.)(1994).Handbook of Industrial and Organizational Psychology.Palo Alto, CA.:Consulting Psychologists Press.
  28. Gmelch, W. H.(1982).Beyond Stress of Effect Management.New York:John Wiley & Sons.
  29. Graf, F. A.(1986).The Relationship between Social Support and Occupational Stress among Police Officers.Journal of Police Science and Administration,14(3),178-186.
  30. Greguras, G. J.,K. D. McCook(2004).An Investigation of the Antecedents and Consequences of Job Attitudes.Paper presented at the Annual Conference of the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology
  31. Hackman, J. R.,E. E. Lawler(1971).Employee Reactions to Job Characteristics.Journal of Applied Psychology,55(3),259-286.
  32. Hair, J. F.,R. E. Andeson,R. L. Tatham,W. C. Black(1995).Multivariate Data Analysis.New Jersey:Prentice-Hall.
  33. Helmreich, R. L.(1984).Cockpit Management Attitude.Human Factors,26(5),583-589.
  34. House, R. J.,J. R. Rizzo(1972).Role Conflict and Ambiguity as Critical Variables in a Model of Organizational Behavior.Organizational Behavior & Human Performance,7(3),467-505.
  35. Jöreskog, K. G.,D. Sörbom(1988).LISREL 7: A Guide to the Program and Application.Chicago:SPSS Inc..
  36. Joseph, F. H.,E. A. Rolph,L. T. Ronald(1987).Multivariate Data and Analysis with Reading.New York:MacMillan.
  37. Kahn, R. L.,D. M. Wolfe,R. P. Quinn,J. D. Snock,R. A. Rosenthal(1964).Organizational Stress: Studies in Role Conflict and Ambiguity.New York:John Wiley & Sons.
  38. Kahn, R. L.,D. W. R. Quinn,J. D. Snoek(1964).Organizational Stress.New York:John Wiley & Sons.
  39. Kaur, R.,N. K. Chadha(1988).A Study of Job Stress with Job Involvement and Job Satisfaction.Indian Journal of Behavior,12(3),34-40.
  40. Keller, R. T.(1997).Job Involvement and Organizational Commitment as Longitudinal Predictors of Job Performance: A Study of Scientists and Engineers.Journal of Applied Psychology,82(4),539-545.
  41. Knoop, R.(1995).Relationships among Job Involvement, Job Satisfaction, and Organizational Commitment for Nurses.Journal of Psychology,129(6),643-647.
  42. Konovsky, M. A.,D. W. Organ(1996).Dispositional and Contextual Determinants of Organizational Citizenship Behavior.Journal of Organizational Behavior,17(3),253-266.
  43. Lazarus, R. S.,S. Folkman(1984).Stress, Appraisal, and Coping.New York:Springer.
  44. Lodahl, T.,M. Kejner(1965).The Definition and Measurement of Job Involvement.Journal of Applied Psychology,49(1),24-33.
  45. McCrae, R. R.,P. T. J. Costa(1997).Personality Trait Structure as a Human Universal.American Psychologist,52(5),509-516.
  46. McCrae, R. R.,P. T. J. Costa(1987).Validation of the Five-Factor Model of Personality across Instruments and Observers.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,52(1),81-90.
  47. McCrae, R. R.,P. T. J. Costa,C. M. Busch(1986).Evaluating Comprehensiveness in Personality Systems: The California Q-Set and the Five-Factor Model.Journal of Personality,54(2),430-446.
  48. Morrison, E. W.(1994).Role Definitions and Organizational Citizenship Behavior: The Importance of the Employee`s Perspective.Academy of Management Journal,37(6),1543-1567.
  49. Motowidlo, S. J.,W. C. Borman,M. J. Schmit(1997).A Theory of Individual Differences and Contextual Performance.Human Performance,10(2),71-83.
  50. Mowday, R. T.,L. W. Porter,R. Steers(1982).Employee-Organizational Linkages: The Psychology of Commitment, Absenteeism, and Turnover.New York:Academic Press.
  51. Munene, J. C.(1995).Not-on-Seat: An Investigation of Some Correlates of Organizational Citizenship Behavior in Nigeria.Applied Psychology: An International Review,44(2),111-122.
  52. Neuman, G. A.,S. H. Wagner,N. D. Christiansen(1999).The Relationship between Work-Team Personality Composition and the Job Performance of Teams.Group & Organization Management,24(1),28-45.
  53. Niehoff, B. P.,R. H. Moorman(1993).Justice as a Mediator of the Relationship between Methods of Monitoring and Organizational Citizenship Behavior.Academy of Management Journal,36(3),527-556.
  54. Norman, W. T.(1963).Toward an Adequate Taxonomy of Personality Attributes: Replicated Factor Structure in Peer Nomination Personality Ratings.Journal of Abnormal & Social Psychology,66(3),574-583.
  55. Organ, D. W.(1988).A Restatement of the Satisfaction-Performance Hypothesis.Journal of Management,14(4),547-557.
  56. Organ, D. W.(1998).Organizational Citizenship Behavior: The Good Soldier Syndrome.Lexington, Mass.:Lexington Books.
  57. Organ, D. W.,A. Lingl(1995).Personality, Satisfaction and Organizational Citizenship Behavior.The Journal of Social Psychology,135(3),339-350.
  58. Organ, D. W.,B. M. Staw,L. L. Cummings (Eds.)(1990).Research in Organizational Behavior.Greenwich, CT.:JAI Press.
  59. Paullay, I. M.,G. M. Alliger,E. F. Stone-Romero(1994).Construct Validation of Two Instruments Designed to Measure Job Involvement and Work Centrality.Journal of Applied Psychology,79(2),224-228.
  60. Pfeffer, J.(1994).Competitive Advantage through People: Unleashing the Power of the Work force.Boston:Harvard Business School Press.
  61. Pillai, R.,T. A. Scandura,E. A. Williams(1999).Leadership and Organizational Justice: Similarities and Differences across Cultures.Journal of International Business Studies,30(4),763-779.
  62. Rabinowitz, S.,D. T. Hall(1977).Organizational Research on Job Involvement.Psychological Bulletin,84(2),265-288.
  63. Reitz, H. J.,L. N. Jewell(1979).Sex, Locus of Control and Job Involvement: A Six-Country Investigation.Academy of Management Journal,22(2),72-80.
  64. Sager, J. K.(1991).Type-A Behavior Pattern among Salespeople and Its Relationship to Job Stress.Journal of Personal Selling & Sales Management,11(1),1-14.
  65. Salgado, J. F.(1997).The Five Factor Model of Personality and Job Performance in the European Community.Journal of Applied Psychology,82(1),30-43.
  66. Schuler, R. S.(1980).Definition and Conceptualization of Stress in Organizations.Organizational Behavior and Human Performance,25(2),184-215.
  67. Schumacker, R. E.,R. G. Lomax(1996).A Beginner`s Guide to Structural Equation Modeling.New Jersey:Lawrence Erlgaum Associates.
  68. Singh, J.(2000).Performance Productivity and Quality of Frontline Employees in Service Organizations.Journal of Marketing,64(2),15-34.
  69. Smith, C. A.,D. W. Organ,J. P. Near(1983).Organizational Citizenship Behavior: Its Nature and Antecedents.Journal of Applied Psychology,68(4),653-663.
  70. Smith, K. G.,C. J. Collins,K. D. Clark(2005).Existing Knowledge, Knowledge Creation Capability, and the Rate of New Product Introduction in High-Technology Firms.Academy of Management Journal,48(2),346-357.
  71. Smith, M. A.,J. M. Canger(2004).Effects of Supervisor Big Five Personality on Subordinate Attitudes.Journal of Business and Psychology,18(4),465-481.
  72. Stearns, G. M.(1992).Canada,Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research, University of Regina.
  73. Steffy, B. D.,J. W. Jones(1988).Workplace Stress and Indicators of Coronary-Disease Risk.Academy of Management Journal,31(3),686-698.
  74. Stenross, B.,S. Kleinman(1989).The High and Lows of Emotional Labor: Detectives Encounters with Criminals and Victims.Journal of Contemporary Ethnography,17(4),435-452.
  75. Taylor, M. S.,E. A. Locke,C. Lee,M. E. Gist(1984).Type-A Behavior and Faculty Research Productivity: What are the Mechanisms?.Organizational Behavior and Human Performance,34(3),402-418.
  76. Thomas, J. B.,P. D. Kenneth(1996).Diagnosing Whether an Organization is Truly Ready to Empower Work Teams: A Case Study.Human Resource Planning,19(1),38-47.
  77. Van Scotter, J. R.(2000).Relationships of Task Performance and Contextual Performance with Turnover, Job Satisfaction, and Affective Commitment.Human Resource Management Review,10(1),79-95.
  78. Van Scotter, J. R.,S. J. Motowidlo,T. C. Cross(2000).Effects of Task Performance and Contextual Performance on Systematic Rewards.Journal of Applied Psychology,85(4),526-535.
  79. Vigoda, E.(2000).Organizational Politics, Job Attitudes, and Work Outcomes: Exploration and Implications for the Public Sector.Journal of Vocational Behavior,57(3),326-347.
  80. Wang, H.,K. S. Law,R. D. Hackett,D. Wang,Z. X. Chen(2005).Leader-Member Exchange as a Mediator of the Relationship between Transformational Leadership and Followers` Performance and Organizational Citizenship Behavior.Academy of Management Journal,48(3),420-432.
  81. 吳學燕(1995)。警察的壓力與管理。警學叢刊，25(4)，153-171。
  82. 李湧清(1987)。台灣警察機關組織編制之研究。桃園:中央警察大學出版社。
  83. 李震山(1994)。警察任務法論。高雄:登文書局。
  84. 林能白、丘宏昌(1999)。服務品質之研究－服務人員人格特質之影響分析與應用。管理學報，16(2)，175-200。
  85. 林錦坤(2000)。台灣地區基層警察人員自殺傾向預測模式之實證研究。中央警察大學學報，36(3)，341-372。
  86. 徐永庚(2003)。屏東，國立屏東科技大學企業管理研究所。
  87. 翁萃芳(2002)。台灣地區警察人員的工作壓力。警學叢刊，32(5)，33-66。
被引用次数
  1. Sui, An-Li,Lin, Mingchun,Chen, Guan-Chin,Chen, Ching-Hao(2011).Is Work Stress Associated with Sleep Quality? Some Findings from Police Officers in Southern Taiwan.台灣精神醫學,25(1),18-25.
  2. 陳春希,高瑞新(2010)。工作壓力與工作適應：探討不同工作特性基層警察人員組織承諾的調節效果。人力資源管理學報，10(4)，1-31。
  3. 許峻嘉(2017)。公部門人力資源管理實務之研究─地方薦任公務人員的初探性調查。東吳政治學報，35(2)，207-270。
  4. 黃鈞洳、隋安莉、陳青浩、許育禎、林佩蓉、王慈華(2008)。男性員警睡眠品質之初探。嘉南學報（人文類），34，742-755。
  5. 黃秀卿(2018)。應用日誌法探究餐飲業顧客無禮行為對服務人員情緒耗竭之影響：跨層次分析。觀光休閒學報，24(1)，1-38。
  6. 黃有慶、隋安莉、陳青浩、吳侖瑾(2009)。南部大專生的睡眠習慣與睡眠品質。嘉南學報（人文類），35，572-581。
  7. 賴怡瑄,楊君琦,黃淑芬(2019)。如何將工作壓力轉化為助力？員工建言與積極性人格的角色。人力資源管理學報，19(1)，53-72。
  8. 廖明坤、溫福星、唐美芝(2014)。內外控特質透過組織承諾對公共部門組織公民行為影響之跨層次研究：以轉換型領導風格為調節變數。中山管理評論，22(3)，429-468。
  9. 林弘昌、吳姵儒(2018)。高科技產業研發工程師五大人格特質、組織變革態度與工作投入之研究。科技與人力教育季刊，5(1)，67-88。
  10. 羅奐妤、劉仲矩(2017)。美學行銷訓練知覺對員工工作質感表現之影響－以工作投入為干擾變數探討。中山管理評論，25(2)，399-441。
  11. 羅一翔,林作慶(2020)。外勤警察人員運動參與對憂鬱程度與工作投入之影響。運動休閒餐旅研究，15(4)，1-13。
  12. 尚憶薇、古志銘(2016)。國民中小學運動教練工作壓力、工作倦怠、工作投入與工作滿意度之研究。臺灣運動教育學報，11(2)，1-20。
  13. 譚子文、董旭英、楊士隆、林漢堂(2016)。緊張因素、工作投入與飲酒態度對警察人員問題飲酒行為影響之結構方程模式檢定。犯罪學期刊，19(1)，59-91。
  14. 謝嚴(2019)。警察人員的工作壓力與調適。諮商與輔導，402，25-27+34。
  15. 鄭伯壎、高鳳霞(2014)。職場工作壓力：回顧與展望。人力資源管理學報，14(1)，77-102。
  16. 鍾明翰、吳和堂(2011)。國小實習教師的角色知覺、工作投入與專業成長之因果關係研究。教育心理學報，43(2)，419-438。
  17. (2011)。國小教師的工作壓力、工作滿意度與生命意義感因果關係之研究。教育學刊，37，177-214。
print cancel