大學生性別、心肺功能與心率變異的相關性

Correlation among Sex, Cardiopulmonary Capacity and Heart Rate Variability in College Students

10.5297/ser.200909_11(3).0011

蔡忠昌(Jong-Chang Tsai)；陳怡瑜(Yi-Yu Chen)

心率變異分析 ； 三分鐘登階測驗 ； 交感神經 ； 副交感神經 ； HRV analysis ； 3-minute step test ； sympathetic nerve ； parasympathetic nerve

大專體育學刊

11卷3期（2009 / 09 / 30）

143 - 153

繁體中文;英文

本研究目的在探討大學年齡層族群性別、三分鐘登階測驗表現與心率變異之間的相關性。研究對象為120名大學學生（年齡：19.8±1.5歲；身高：167.7±8.7公分；體重：56.9±8.0公斤），男女各60名。每名受測者均安排在早上9－11點間進行測量，先以腕式生理監視器進行心率變異分析，再利用三分鐘登階測驗評估心肺功能。研究數據分別進行獨立樣本t考驗以及皮爾森積差相關分析。本研究結果顯示：男生心率變異分析中的低頻比例（LF%）與低頻／高頻比值（LF/HF）高於女生，高頻比例（HF%）則低於女生。另外，受測者三分鐘登階測驗表現與所有心跳間期的標準偏差（standard deviation of the NN interval, SDNN）、相鄰正常心跳間期差值超過50毫秒的百分比（proportion of differences of adjacent RR intervals>50 ms, pNN50）、相鄰正常心跳間期差值平方和的均方根（root mean square successive differences, RMSSD）、總功率（total power, TP）、高頻功率（high frequency, HF）與低頻功率（low frequency, LF）均呈顯著正相關，其中，pNN50與體力指數的相關最高。本研究結論顯示男生的交感神經活性大於女生，副交感神經活性則相對低於女生。心肺功能越佳者，其心率變異程度越大，顯示休息時副交感神經功能較佳。

Purpose: This study was aimed to discern the correlations among sex, cardiopulmonary function and heart rate variability in young adults. Methods: 120 college students were recruited in this study. Each subject was asked to arrive to laboratory between 9:00-11:00 a.m., to complete two measurements including heart rate variability analysis by wrist monitor of heart rate and cardio-respiratory function by 3-minute step test. The data were analyzed by t-test and Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient. Results: The LF% and LF/HF of males were higher than that of females, while the HF% of males was significantly lower than that of females. Cardio-respiratory endurance evaluated by 3-min step test was positively correlated with the SDNN, pNN50, RMSSD, TP, HF, and LF. The pNN50 is most related to the 3-min step test score in respect to other HRV indexes. Conclusion: The activities of sympathetic nervous system in males were higher than those in females, and the activities of parasympathetic nervous system in males were lower than those in females. Individuals with better cardio-respiratory function might have higher HRV and better modulation of autonomic function.

1. 許瑞顯(2008)。心率變異度之簡介及其在運動科學上之應用。大專體育，94，139-145。
   連結：
2. Amano, M.,Kanda, T.,Ue, H.,Moritani, T.(2001).Exercise training and autonomic nervous system activity in obese individuals.Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise,33(8),1287-1291.
3. Antelmi, I.,De Paula, R. S.,Shinzato, A. R.,Peres, C. A.,Mansur, A. J.,Grupi, C. J.(2004).Influence of age, gender, body mass index, and functional capacity on heart rate variability in a cohort of subjects without heart disease.American Journal of Cardiology,93(3),381-385.
4. Bigger, J. T.,Fleiss, J. L.,Steinman, R. C.,Rolnitzky, L. M.,Schneider, W. J.,Stein, P. K.(1995).RR variability in healthy, middle-aged persons compared with patients with chronic coronary heart disease or recent acute myocardial infarction.Circulation,91(7),1936-1943.
5. Brunetto, A. F.,Roseguini, B. T.,Silva, B. M.,Hirai, D. M.,Guedes, D. P.(2005).Effects of gender and aerobic fitness on cardiac autonomic responses to head-up tilt in healthy adolescents.Pediatric Cardiology,26(4),418-424.
6. Buchheit, M.,Gindre, C.(2006).Cardiac parasympathetic regulation: Respective associations with cardiorespiratory fitness and training load.American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology,291(1),451-458.
7. Buchheit, M.,Simon, C.,Charloux, A.,Doutreleau, S.,Piquard, F.,Brandenberger, G.(2005).Heart rate variability and intensity of habitual physical activity in middle-aged persons.Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise,37(39),1530-1534.
8. Du, X. J.,Dart, A. M.,Riemersma, R. A.(1994).Sex differences in the parasympathetic nerve control of rat heart.Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology,21(6),485-493.
9. Ettinger, S. M.,Silber, D. H.,Collins, B. G.,Gray, K. S.,Sutliff, G.,Whisler, S. K.(1996).Influences of gender on sympathetic nerve responses to static exercise.Journal of Applied Physiology,80(1),245-251.
10. Felber Dietrich, D.,Ackermann-Liebrich, U.,Schindler, C.,Barthelemy, J. C.,Brandli, O.,Gold, D. R.(2008).Effect of physical activity on heart rate variability in normal weight, overweight and obese subjects: Results from the SAPALDIA study.European Journal of Applied Physiology,104(3),557-565.
11. Gamelin, F. X.,Berthoin, S.,Sayah, H.,Libersa, C.,Bosquet, L.(2007).Effect of training and detraining on heart rate variability in healthy young men.International Journal of Sports Medicine,28(7),564-570.
12. Ku, P. W.,Fox, K. R.,McKenna, J.,Peng, T. L.(2006).Prevalence of leisure-time physical activity in Taiwanese adults: Results of four national surveys, 2000-2004.Preventive Medicine,43(6),454-457.
13. Kuo, T. B.,Lin, T.,Yang, C. C.,Li, C. L.,Chen, C. F.,Chou, P.(1999).Effect of aging on gender differences in neural control of heart rate.American Journal of Physiology,277(6),2233-2239.
14. Malik, M.,Bigger, J. T.,Camm, A. J.,Kleiger, R. E.,Malliani, A.,Moss, A. J.(1996).Heart rate variability: Standards of measurement, physiological interpretation, and clinical use.European Heart Journal,17(3),354-381.
15. Martinmaki, K.,Hakkinen, K.,Mikkola, J.,Rusko, H.(2008).Effect of low-dose endurance training on heart rate variability at rest and during an incremental maximal exercise test.European Journal of Applied Physiology,104(3),541-548.
16. Martinmäki, K.,Rusko, H.(2008).Time-frequency analysis of heart rate variability during immediate recovery from low and high intensity exercise.European Journal of Applied Physiology,102(3),353-360.
17. Moak, J. P.,Goldstein, D. S.,Eldadah, B. A.,Saleem, A.,Holmes, C.,Pechnik, S.(2007).Supine low-frequency power of heart rate variability reflects baroreflex function, not cardiac sympathetic innervation.Heart Rhythm,4(12),1523-1529.
18. Monahan, K. D.(2007).Effect of aging on baroreflex function in humans.American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology,293(1),3-12.
19. Nagai, N.,Moritani, T.(2004).Effect of physical activity on autonomic nervous system function in lean and obese children.International Journal of Obesity and Related Metabolic Disorders,28(1),27-33.
20. Rennie, K. L.,Hemingway, H.,Kumari, M.,Brunner, E.,Malik, M.,Marmot, M.(2003).Effects of moderate and vigorous physical activity on heart rate variability in a British study of civil servants.American Journal of Epidemiology,158(2),135-143.
21. Seals, D. R.,C. M. Tipton (Eds.),M. N. Sawka (Eds.),C. A. Tate (Eds.),R. L. Terjung (Eds.)(2006).ACSM's advanced exercise physiology.Philadelphia, PA:Lippincott, Williams, and Wilkins.
22. Stahn, A.,Terblanche, E.,Grunert, S.,Strobel, G.(2006).Estimation of maximal oxygen uptake by bioelectrical impedance analysis.European Journal of Applied Physiology,96(3),265-273.
23. Stein, R.,Medeiros, C. M.,Rosito, G. A.,Zimerman, L. I.,Ribeiro, J. P.(2002).Intrinsic sinus and atrioventricular node electrophysiologic adaptations in endurance athletes.Journal of the American College of Cardiology,39(6),1033-1038.
24. Umetani, K.,Singer, D. H.,McCraty, R.,Atkinson, M.(1998).Twenty-four hour time domain heart rate variability and heart rate: Relations to age and gender over nine decades.Journal of the American College of Cardiology,31(3),593-601.
25. Wier, L. T.,Jackson, A. S.,Avers, G. W.,Arenare, B.(2006).Nonexercise models for estimating VO2max with waist girth, percent fat, or BMI.Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise,38(3),555-561.
26. Zhang, J.(2007).Effect of age and sex on heart rate variability in healthy subjects.Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics,30(5),374-379.
27. 林建得、陳坤檸、洪睿聲(2004)。登階測驗與身體組成預測最大攝氧量。臺灣醫學，8(2)，175-183。
28. 孫德銓、郭益源、梁楊鴻、湯勝輝、林裕峰、張永賢(2006)。新型腕式生理監視器－心律大師之簡介及其中西醫學應用。2006年工程科技與中西醫學應用研討會大會論文集，臺中市:
29. 資料引自教育部體適能網站
30. 黃建賓、林金杉、汪在莒(2004)。逢甲大學大一新生體適能調查研究。逢甲人文社會學報，9，203-230。

1. 林芸平(2016)。天氣、路線及性別對駕駛主客觀心智負荷之影響。中原大學工業與系統工程學系學位論文。2016。1-114。 
2. 廖翎聿(2017)。慢性阻塞性肺病住院老人之心肺耐力相關影響因素探討。高雄醫學大學護理學系碩士班學位論文。2017。1-202。